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Quark masses, chiral symmetry, and the U(1) anomaly

Michael Creutz
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Abstract

I discuss the mass parameters appearing in the gauge theory of the strong interactions, concentrating on the two flavor case. I show how the effect of the CP violating parameter $θ$ is simply interpreted in terms of the state of the æther via an effective potential for meson fields. For degenerate flavors I show that a first order phase transition is expected at $θ=π.$ I speculate on the implications of this structure for Wilson's lattice fermions.

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Michael Creutz. 1996-08-02. Quark masses, chiral symmetry, and the U(1) anomaly. https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9608216

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