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Holographic Principle in the Closed Universe : a Resolution with Negative Pressure Matter

S. Kalyana Rama
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Abstract

A closed universe containing pressureless dust, more generally perfect fluid matter with pressure-to-density ratio w in the range (1/3, - 1/3), violates holographic principle applied according to the Fischler-Susskind proposal. We show, first for a class of two-fluid solutions and then for the general multifluid case, that the closed universe will obey the holographic principle if it also contains matter with w < - 1/3, and if the present value of its total density is sufficiently close to the critical density. It is possible that such matter can be realised by some form of `quintessence', much studied recently.

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S. Kalyana Rama. 1999-04-15. Holographic Principle in the Closed Universe : a Resolution with Negative Pressure Matter. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(99)00556-0

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