Searcharxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · nlin/0006043

Microscopic Discrete Proliferating Components Cause the Self-Organized Emergence of Macroscopic Adaptive Features in Biological Systems

Yoram Louzoun·Sorin Solomon·Henri Atlan·Irun. R. Cohen
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

We study the emergence of the collective spatio-temporal macroscopic properties of the immune system, by representing individually the elementary interactions between its microscopic components (antibodies, antigens, cytokines). The results of this detailed explicit analysis are compared with the traditional procedure of averaging over individuals and representing the collective dynamics in terms of densities that obey partial differential equations (PDE). The simulations show even for very simple elementary reactions the spontaneous emergence of localized complex structures. In turn the effective dynamics of these structures affects the average behavior of the system in a very decisive way: systems which would according to the differential equations approximation die, display in reality a very lively behavior. Our conclusions are supported both by explicit microscopic simulations and by analytic calculations. As the optimal method we propose a mixture of microscopic simulation (MS) systems describing each reaction separately, and average methods describing the average behavior of the agents.

Explore related subjects

nlin.AOcond-matnlin.CGq-bio

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Yoram Louzoun, Sorin Solomon, Henri Atlan, Irun. R. Cohen. 2000-06-25. Microscopic Discrete Proliferating Components Cause the Self-Organized Emergence of Macroscopic Adaptive Features in Biological Systems. https://arxiv.org/abs/nlin/0006043

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Reconstructing the information processing capacity of physical systems from noisy observations

Driven dynamical systems can compute when their transient states encode complex transformations of past inputs. The information processing capacity (IPC) framework allows for a detailed accounting of these computational properties, however its interpretation in noisy systems has remained incomplete. In this work, we clarify how noise affects the IPC and how one can reconstruct the noiseless IPC. First, we show how to distinguish the dynamics of an unperturbed system from the noise-free component of the stochastic dynamics: The IPC measured for responses averaged over noise realizations is in general not the same as the IPC of the unperturbed system. We explicitly demonstrate that noise can redistribute computational capacity and sometimes even enhance performance on particular tasks, rather than merely degrading a fixed computation. We then introduce covariance reconstruction by orthogonal projection (CROP), which reconstructs the covariance and IPC of the noise-free component directly from noisy observations, without requiring a detailed model of either the system or the noise. At fixed total measurement budget, numerical tests on a classical nonlinear reservoir show that CROP estimates the noise-free IPC more accurately than the standard practice of ensemble averaging over repeated trials. We find the same advantage in a quantum reservoir subject to unavoidable measurement noise. Our results provide a general route to recovering the computational structure of noisy physical systems from finite observations.

nlin.AO↗
arXiv2026

Double explosive transitions in adaptive multilayer networks with higher-order interactions

Can asymmetry between two interacting networks fundamentally change how they synchronize? We identify double explosive transitions in the forward direction, backward direction, or a combination thereof, with single or double hysteresis loops in an adaptive bilayer multiplex network of Kuramoto oscillators with pairwise and three-body interactions and asymmetric phase lags. Using the Ott-Antonsen reduction, we derive a low-dimensional system and perform a stability analysis. The reduced model accurately captures the full microscopic dynamics and enables analytical expressions for the bifurcation points. Systematic mapping across multiple parameter planes reveals eight distinct synchronization regimes. The relative ordering of saddle-node and pitchfork bifurcation points---controlled by phase-lag asymmetry, cross-layer adaptation, and the higher-order interaction strength---creates two distinct coherent branches (weak and strong), giving rise to double explosive transitions. Crucially, phase-lag asymmetry acts as a robust control knob: while symmetric phase lags suppress explosive transitions, layer-specific differences promote multistability and double explosive transitions. The higher-order interaction strength $K_2$ and adaptation strengths $q$, $p$, and $h$ further modulate these transitions in a complex, parameter-dependent manner. Excellent agreement between analytical predictions and numerical simulations confirms the robustness of our reduced description.

nlin.AO↗
arXiv2026

Spatio-temporal structures in frog chorus with two species examined by laboratory experiments and mathematical modeling

Synchronization can be observed in various systems in physics and biology. The choruses of male frogs are known as an example of biological synchronization in which the well-organized temporal structure, i.e., anti-phase synchronization between neighbors, is realized. Given that male frogs produce sounds to advertise their territories to competitors, the dynamics of phases and spatial coordinates should be mutually coupled in the frog choruses. In this study, we examined the spatio-temporal dynamics in the choruses consisting of male Japanese tree frogs and other acoustic animals. First, we carried out playback experiments using actual frogs and observed that male Japanese tree frog synchronized in anti-phase with the stimuli of a similar frequency but did not synchronize with the stimuli of a much different frequency. Second, we modeled the choruses with two species as a system of coupled mobile oscillators and numerically evaluated how the spatio-temporal structure depends on the similarity of call frequencies. Numerical simulations of the model showed that (1) the two-cluster antisynchronization is established in the same species when the distributions of call frequencies are much different between two species and (2) the two-cluster antisynchronization is disturbed when the distributions of call frequencies are similar. These results highlight the occurrence of various spatio-temporal patterns in the proposed model, indicating the importance of repulsive effects with different weights on the variation of the spatio-temporal patterns.

nlin.AO↗