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Hadron production in relativistic nuclear collisions: thermal hadron source or hadronizing quark-gluon plasma?

C. Spieles·H. Stoecker·C. Greiner
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Abstract

Measured hadron yields from relativistic nuclear collisions can be equally well understood in two physically distinct models, namely a static thermal hadronic source vs.~a time-dependent, nonequilibrium hadronization off a quark-gluon plasma droplet. Due to the time-dependent particle evaporation off the hadronic surface in the latter approach the hadron ratios change (by factors of $<\approx 5$) in time. Final particle yields reflect time averages over the actual thermodynamic properties of the system at a certain stage of the evolution. Calculated hadron, strangelet and (anti-)cluster yields as well as freeze-out times are presented for different systems. Due to strangeness distillation the system moves rapidly out of the T, $μ_q$ plane into the $μ_s$-sector. Strangeness to baryon ratios f_s=1-2 prevail during a considerable fraction (50%) of the time evolution (i.e. $Λ$-droplets or even $Ξ^-$-droplets form the system at the late stage: The possibility of observing this time evolution via HBT correlations is discussed). The observed hadron ratios require $T_c\approx 160 MeV$ and $B^{1/4}>\approx 200 MeV$. If the present model is fit to the extrapolated hadron yields, metastable hypermatter can only be produced with a probability $p< 10^{-8}$ for $A \ge 4$.

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C. Spieles, H. Stoecker, C. Greiner. 1997-04-04. Hadron production in relativistic nuclear collisions: thermal hadron source or hadronizing quark-gluon plasma?. https://doi.org/10.1007/s100520050145

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