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Thermal Fluctuations, Subcritical Bifurcation, and Nucleation of Localized States in Electroconvection

Urs Bisang·Guenter Ahlers
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Abstract

Measurements of the mean-square amplitude of thermally-induced fluctuations of a thin layer of the nematic liquid crystal I52 subjected to a voltage V < Vc are reported. They yield the limit of stability Vc of the spatially uniform conduction state to infinitesimal perturbations. Localized long-lived convecting structures known as worms form spontaneously from the fluctuations for V well below Vc. This, as well as measurements of the lifetime of the conduction state for V < Vc, suggests a thermally-activated mechanism of worm formation; but a theory for this non-potential system is lacking.

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Urs Bisang, Guenter Ahlers. 1998-01-10. Thermal Fluctuations, Subcritical Bifurcation, and Nucleation of Localized States in Electroconvection. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.80.3061

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