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Electrochemical Thin Films At and Above the Classical Limiting Current

Kevin T. Chu·Martin Z. Bazant
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Abstract

We study a model electrochemical thin film at dc currents exceeding the classical diffusion-limited value. The mathematical problem involves the steady Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations for a binary electrolyte with nonlinear boundary conditions for reaction kinetics and Stern-layer capacitance, as well as an integral constraint on the number of anions. At the limiting current, we find a nested boundary layer structure at the cathode, which is required by the reaction boundary condition. Above the limiting current, a depletion of anions generally characterizes the cathode side of the cell. In this regime, we derive leading-order asymptotic approximations for the (i) classical bulk space-charge layer and (ii) another, nested highly charged boundary layer at the cathode. The former involves an exact solution to the Nernst-Planck equations for a single, unscreened ionic species, which may apply more generally to Faradaic conduction through very thin insulating films. By matching expansions, we derive current-voltage relations well into the space-charge regime. Throughout our analysis, we emphasize the strong influence of the Stern-layer capacitance on cell behavior.

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Kevin T. Chu, Martin Z. Bazant. 2004-06-16. Electrochemical Thin Films At and Above the Classical Limiting Current. https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0406076

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