Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv · physics/0612037

Statistical properties of sampled networks by random walks

Abstract

We study the statistical properties of the sampled networks by a random walker. We compare topological properties of the sampled networks such as degree distribution, degree-degree correlation, and clustering coefficient with those of the original networks. From the numerical results, we find that most of topological properties of the sampled networks are almost the same as those of the original networks for $γ\lesssim 3$. In contrast, we find that the degree distribution exponent of the sampled networks for $γ>3$ somewhat deviates from that of the original networks when the ratio of the sampled network size to the original network size becomes smaller. We also apply the sampling method to various real networks such as collaboration of movie actor, world wide web, and peer-to-peer networks. All topological properties of the sampled networks show the essentially same as the original real networks.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Sooyeon Yoon, Sungmin Lee, Soon-Hyung Yook, Yup Kim. 2006-12-05. Statistical properties of sampled networks by random walks. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.75.046114

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Open-ended innovation arm-race in zero-sum games

We discuss zero-sum games with open-ended innovation, whereby each player may introduce new strategies. The innovation process is modeled as a draw of new strategies form a distribution. It is argued that, when the cost of innovation is vanishingly small, this setting can lead to an everlasting innovation arm-race. In particular, the introduction of new technologies of the advanced player increases the marginal utility for technological innovation of the backward one, whereas innovation of the backward player discourages the more advanced one to innovate.

physics.soc-ph↗

Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment of Fossil- and Bio-Based Membrane Manufacturing

The transition towards sustainable membrane manufacturing is challenged by its reliance on fossil-based polymers, organic solvents, and generation of large volumes of contaminated water. We combined process simulation, life cycle assessment, and Monte Carlo simulation to identify hotspots in the manufacturing of ultrafiltration hollow-fiber membranes for pharmaceutical applications and evaluate strategies to mitigate impact and reduce waste generation. Process models informed by industry input compared fossil- and bio-based membranes on a cradle-to-gate basis per square meter of membrane produced. Key environmental hotspots include polymer and bore solution preparation, driven by the contribution of polymer and solvent, accounting for 30-80% of total impacts across the categories investigated, and wastewater dilution, driven by the environmental burden of solvent-contaminated wastewater management. Under the modeled conditions, although polymer substitution can reduce environmental burdens, cellulose-based membranes show higher impacts than polysulfone membranes in at least 85% of simulations within each impact category, due to chemical-intensive cellulose modification and regeneration. In contrast, solvent recycling can mitigate solvent- and wastewater-related burdens when combined with reduced water demand, yielding climate change benefits at water demands below approximately 36 L per m2 under the modeled recovery configuration and highlighting its potential to reduce the environmental footprint of membrane manufacturing.

physics.soc-ph↗

Fractional Orbital Bombardment Systems

We analyze Fractional Orbital Bombardment Systems (FOBS) as a means of delivering nuclear weapons by placing warheads into partial orbits around the Earth, and show that they do not represent a game-changing advance in technology or capability. We consider potential uses of such a weapon, including evading missile defenses and delivering attacks with short warning time. FOBS could underfly current exoatmospheric defenses, but the required payload reduction may not justify its use if other countermeasures are deemed effective. If a FOBS attack could be successfully disguised as a satellite launch, the warning time could be short enough to raise fears of a decapitating strike. The development of such a capability could lead countries to shorten decision-making timelines in a crisis, which would be destabilizing. The US can take steps to ensure that very-short-warning attacks would not succeed, thereby enhancing deterrence during a crisis.

physics.soc-ph↗