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Classical and quantum communication without a shared reference frame

Stephen D. Bartlett·Terry Rudolph·R. W. Spekkens
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Abstract

We show that communication without a shared reference frame is possible using entangled states. Both classical and quantum information can be communicated with perfect fidelity without a shared reference frame at a rate that asymptotically approaches one classical bit or one encoded qubit per transmitted qubit. We present an optical scheme to communicate classical bits without a shared reference frame using entangled photon pairs and linear optical Bell state measurements.

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Stephen D. Bartlett, Terry Rudolph, R. W. Spekkens. 2003-07-08. Classical and quantum communication without a shared reference frame. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.91.027901

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