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Uncertainty Relations for Joint Measurements of Noncommuting Observables

Masanao Ozawa
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Abstract

Universally valid uncertainty relations are proven in a model independent formulation for inherent and unavoidable extra noises in arbitrary joint measurements on single systems, from which Heisenber's original uncertainty relation is proven valid for any joint measurements with statistically independent noises.

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Masanao Ozawa. 2003-10-11. Uncertainty Relations for Joint Measurements of Noncommuting Observables. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2003.12.001

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