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Understanding light quanta: First quantization of the free electromagnetic field

A. C. de la Torre
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Abstract

The quantization of the electromagnetic field in vacuum is presented without reference to lagrangean quantum field theory. The equal time commutators of the fields are calculated from basic principles. A physical discussion of the commutators suggest that the electromagnetic fields are macroscopic emergent properties of more fundamental physical system: the photons.

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A. C. de la Torre. 2004-10-21. Understanding light quanta: First quantization of the free electromagnetic field. https://doi.org/10.1088/0143-0807%2F26%2F3%2F011

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