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The Multiplicative Quantum Adversary

Robert Spalek
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Abstract

We present a new variant of the quantum adversary method. All adversary methods give lower bounds on the quantum query complexity of a function by bounding the change of a progress function caused by one query. All previous variants upper-bound the_difference_ of the progress function, whereas our new variant upper-bounds the_ratio_ and that is why we coin it the multiplicative adversary. The new method generalizes to all functions the new quantum lower-bound method by Ambainis [Amb05, ASW06] based on the analysis of eigenspaces of the density matrix. We prove a strong direct product theorem for all functions that have a multiplicative adversary lower bound.

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Robert Spalek. 2007-04-25. The Multiplicative Quantum Adversary. https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0703237

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