arXiv subjects

A. Baumgaertner

Publications and source records attributed to A. Baumgaertner.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Single file dynamics of tethered random walkers

We consider the single-file dynamics of $N$ identical random walkers moving with diffusivity $D$ in one dimension (walkers bounce off each other when attempting to overtake). Additionally, we require that the separation between neighboring walkers cannot exceed a threshold value $Δ$ and therefore call them ``tethered walkers'' (they behave as if bounded by strings which tighten fully when reaching the maximum length $Δ$). For finite $Δ$, we study the diffusional relaxation to the equilibrium state and characterize the latter [the long-time relaxation is exponential with a characteristic time that scales as $(NΔ)^2/D$]. In particular, our approximate approach for the $N$-particle probability distribution yields the one-particle distribution function of the central and edge particles [the first two positional moments are given as power expansions in $Δ/\sqrt{4Dt}$]. For $N=2$, we find an exact solution (both in the continuum case and on-lattice) and use it to test our approximations for one-particle distributions, positional moments, and correlations. For finite $Δ$ and arbitrary $N$, edge particles move with an effective long-time diffusivity $D/N$, in sharp contrast with the $1/\ln(N)$-behavior observed when $Δ=\infty$. Finally, we compute the probability distribution of the equilibrium system length and the associated entropy. We find that the force required to change this length by a given amount is linear in this quantity, the (entropic) spring constant being $6k_BT/(NΔ^2)$. In this respect, the system behaves like an ideal polymer. Our main analytical results are confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2019

Exclusion process on an open lattice with fluctuating boundaries

We show that the TASEP of a driven system of particles of arbitrary size, with nearest neighbor repulsive interaction, on an open lattice is equivalent to the TASEP of interacting monomers on an open lattice whose size fluctuates in response to the entry and exit of particles. We have presented the maximal current profile as a function of the interaction strength for dimers and tetramers, obtained in Monte Carlo simulation; the results agree well with the ones computed by applying a specific rod-to-monomer mapping to the steady state current and density predicted by a mean-field theory of interacting monomers which adapts a Markov Chain approach for incorporating nearest-neighbor correlations.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2016

Anomalous diffusion and FRAP dynamics in the random comb model

We address the problem of diffusion on a comb whose teeth display a varying length. Specifically, the length $\ell$ of each tooth is drawn from a probability distribution displaying the large-$\ell$ behavior $P(\ell) \sim \ell^{-(1+α)}$ ($α>0$). Our method is based on the mean-field description provided by the well-tested CTRW approach for the random comb model, and the obtained analytical result for the diffusion coefficient is confirmed by numerical simulations. We subsequently incorporate retardation effects arising from binding/unbinding kinetics into our model and obtain a scaling law characterizing the corresponding change in the diffusion coefficient. Finally, our results for the diffusion coefficient are used as an input to compute concentration recovery curves mimicking FRAP experiments in comb-like geometries such as spiny dendrites. We show that such curves cannot be fitted perfectly by a model based on scaled Brownian motion, i.e., a standard diffusion equation with a time-dependent diffusion coefficient. However, differences between the exact curves and such fits are small, thereby providing justification for the practical use of models relying on scaled Brownian motion as a fitting procedure for recovery curves arising from particle diffusion in comb-like systems.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2010

Dynamics of a stochastically driven Brownian particle in one dimension

We present a study on the dynamics of a system consisting of a pair of hardcore particles diffusing with different rates. We solved the drift-diffusion equation for this model in the case when one particle, labeled F, drifts and diffuses slowly towards the second particle, labeled M. The displacements of particle M exhibits a crossover from diffusion to drift at a characteristic time which depends on the rate constants. We show that the positional fluctuation of M exhibits an intermediate crossover regime of subdiffusion separating initial and asymptotic diffusive behavior; this is in agreement with the complete set of Master Equations that describe the stochastic evolution of the model. The intermediate crossover regime can be considerably large depending on the hopping probabilities of the two particles. This is in contrast to the known crossover from diffusive to subdiffusive behavior of a tagged particle that is in the interior of a large single-file system on an unbound real line. We discuss our model with respect to the biological phenomena of membrane protrusions where polymerizing actin filaments (F) push the cell membrane (M).

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2008

A tunable solid-on-solid model of surface growth

We have performed a detailed Monte Carlo study of a diffusionless $(1+1)$-dimensional solid-on-solid model of particle deposition and evaporation that not only tunes the roughness of an equilibrium surface but also demonstrates the need for more than two exponents to characterize it. The tunable parameter, denoted by $μ$, in this model is the dimensionless surface tension per unit length. For $μ< 0$, the surface becomes increasingly spikier and its average width grows linearly with time; for $μ= 0$, its width grows as $\sqrt{t}$. On the other hand, for positive $μ$, the surface width shows the standard scaling behavior, $\la σ_m(t)\ra \sim M^αf(t/M^{α/β})$ where $M$ is the substrate size and $f(x) \to const (x^β)$ for $x$ large (small). The roughness exponent, $α= 1/2$ for $μ\leq 2$, and $ = 3/5, 4/5 & \sim 1$ for $μ= 5, 6 & 7$ respectively; the growth exponent, $β= 1/4$ for $μ\leq 2$ and $= 1/2$ for $μ> \sim 3.5$ respectively. These exponents are different from those of the height-difference correlation function,$α' = 1/2, β' = 1/4$ and $z' = 2$, for higher values of $μ$ suggesting thereby that the surface could be self-constraining.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2005

Competing Polymerization of Actin Skeleton explains Relation between Network Polarity and Cell Movements

Based on experimental observations it is known that various biological cells exhibit a persistent random walk during migration on flat substrates. The persistent random walk is characterized by `stop-and-go' movements : unidirectional motions over distances of the order of several cell diameter are separated by localized short time erratic movements. Using computer simulations the reasons for this phenomena had been unveiled and shown to be attributed to two antagonistic nucleation processes during the polymerization of the cell's actin cytoskeleton : the (ordinary) spontaneous nucleation and the dendritic nucleation processes. Whereas spontaneous nucleations generate actin filaments growing in different directions and hence create motions in random directions, dendritic nucleations provide a unidirectional growth. Since dendritic growth exhibits stochastic fluctuations, spontaneous nucleation may eventually compete or even dominate, which results in a reorientation of filament growth and hence a new direction of cell motion. The event of reorientation takes place at instants of vanishing polarity of the actin skeleton.

q-bio.SC↗

arXiv1998

Reptation of star polymers in a network: Monte Carlo results of diffusion coefficients

We report on Monte Carlo results of diffusion coefficients of lattice star polymers trapped inside a fixed network (de Gennes model). It is found that our data are in agreement with the Helfand-Pearson exponential factor α=0.29. For the pre-exponential power law exponent we find β=2. In contrast to existing theoretical predictions, we find that the number of arms f leads to a pre-exponential factor of the form exp(-0.75 f).

cond-mat↗