arXiv subjects

A. Sabio Vera

Publications and source records attributed to A. Sabio Vera.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Order statistics for multijet events

We show that rank-ordered jet rapidity distributions - a direct application of order statistics - provide a simple yet powerful probe of high-energy (small-x) QCD dynamics at the LHC. In inclusive dijet topologies at s^(1/2) = 8 and 13 TeV, with realistic jet selections, we compare a BFKL-based Monte Carlo (BFKLex) to two general-purpose event generators based on collinear factorization and DGLAP parton showers, PYTHIA8 (pT-ordered) and HERWIG7 (angular-ordered). Even when two underlying dynamics happen to give similar inclusive jet rapidity distributions, such observables are too coarse to discriminate their underlying rapidity point processes, whereas the rank-ordered distributions remain sensitive to the differences in how rapidity space is filled. For fixed multiplicity (N=3) and for the second-most-forward/backward jets across multiplicities, BFKLex populates the rapidity interval more democratically, whereas the general-purpose event generators exhibit comparatively stronger edge enhancement for N=3 and narrower, more centrally concentrated distributions for the second-most ranks. These shape differences are stable under variations of jet radius, proton PDFs, and MPI/hadronization settings, and persist when requiring large rapidity separation between the outer jets. Rank-ordered rapidities thus compress genuinely exclusive information about the multi-jet final state into one-dimensional, normalized histograms that are directly measurable with existing dijet and Mueller-Navelet selections and provide a new handle on high-energy radiation patterns.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2024

The Dynamics of Particle-Particle Correlations and the Ridge Effect in Proton-Proton Collisions

In high-energy particle physics, the study of particle-particle correlations in proton-proton and heavy-ion collisions constitutes a pivotal frontier in the effort to understand the fundamental dynamics of the strong force. To the best of our knowledge, we employ for the first time the BFKL dynamics implemented in a Monte Carlo code in momentum space to compute final state correlations in proton-proton collisions. Our present work aims to investigate whether the particular dynamics of the high-energy limit of QCD can contribute to the long-range rapidity correlations and the enigmatic ridge effect in proton-proton collisions.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2024

Multijet event shape variables for Mueller Navelet jet topologies

This paper presents a new set of multijet event shape variables introduced to further understand the Mueller-Navelet jet topology. This topology consists of having at least one pair of jets with a very large rapidity separation between them, treating additional jet activity inclusively. This multijet topology is expected to shed light on the radiation pattern that is expected in the high-energy limit of the strong interaction. The paper relies on a Monte Carlo event generator analysis. One set of predictions uses the BFKLex event generator, which is based on Balitsky-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov (BFKL) perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) evolution with a resummation of large logarithms of energy at leading-logarithmic accuracy. The BFKLex predictions are compared with a fixed-order next-to-leading order pQCD calculation using POWHEG matched to the parton shower of PYTHIA8 (NLO+PS), which is the standard for NLO generator predictions at the LHC. We find that both approaches lead to compatible results at current LHC energies, assuming the current experimental constraints for the reconstruction of low transverse momentum jets in ATLAS and CMS. This shows the reliability of the BFKL approach at describing the behavior of the strong interaction in the preasymptotic limit of high center-of-mass energies. Differences between the NLO+PS and the BFKL-based approaches are found when the jet multiplicity is increased or when the minimum transverse momentum of the jets is decreased.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2024

A Science4Peace initiative: Alleviating the consequences of sanctions in international scientific cooperation

The armed invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation has adversely affected the relations between Russia and Western countries. Among other aspects, it has put scientific cooperation and collaboration into question and changed the scientific landscape significantly. Cooperation between some Western institutions and their Russian and Belarusian partners were put on hold after February 24, 2022. The CERN Council decided at its meeting in December 2023 to terminate cooperation agreements with Russia and Belarus that date back a decade. CERN is an international institution with UN observer status, and has so far played a role in international cooperation which was independent of national political strategies. We argue that the Science4Peace idea still has a great value and scientific collaboration between scientists must continue, since fundamental science is by its nature an international discipline. A ban of scientists participating in international cooperation and collaboration is against the traditions, requirements and understanding of science. We call for measures to reactivate the peaceful cooperation of individual scientists on fundamental research in order to stimulate international cooperation for a more peaceful world in the future. Specifically, we plead for finding ways to continue this cooperation through international organizations, such as CERN and JINR.

physics.soc-ph↗

arXiv2023

Von Neumann entropy and Lindblad decoherence in the high energy limit of strong interactions

Quantum properties of the state associated to the gluon Green's function in the BFKL approach are studied using a discretization in virtuality space. Considering the coupling constant as imaginary, its density matrix corresponds to a pure state for any energy. Non-linear corrections due to high gluon densities are modelled through a suppression of infrared modes in the Hamiltonian making it no longer hermitian. This introduces quantum decoherence into the evolution equation. When the coupling is real this leads to unbounded normalization of states which becomes bounded for sufficient saturation of infrared modes. Physical quantum properties, such as a purity smaller than one or a positive von Neumann entropy, hence are recovered when the infrared/ultraviolet original symmetry of the formalism is broken. Similarly to the work of Armesto, Dom{\'ı}nguez, Kovner, Lublinsky and Skokov in arXiv:1901.08080, an evolution equation of Lindblad type for the normalized density matrix describing the open system is obtained.

hep-th↗

arXiv2022

Two-particle Correlations in multi-Regge Kinematics

Multi-jet production at the LHC is an important process to study. In particular, events with final state kinematic configurations where we have two jets widely separated in rapidity with similar pT and lots of mini-jets or jets populating the space in between are relevant for the high energy limit of QCD. Keeping the jet multiplicity fixed, the study of these events is a good ground to test different models of multi-particle production in hadron-hadron collisions. We report on a comparison between the predictions of the old multiperipheral Chew-Pignotti model and those of BFKL for the single jet rapidity distributions and for jet-jet rapidity correlations.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Multiperipheral final states in crowded twin-jet events at the LHC

The 13 TeV run of the LHC has provided a unique opportunity to explore multi-jet final states with unprecedented accuracy. An interesting region for study is that of events where one jet is tagged in the forward direction and another one in the backward direction and a plethora of low energy mini-jets populate the possibly large rapidity span in between them. Since the number of these events is very high, it is possible to introduce stringent constraints on the transverse momentum of the two leading jets which can be kept in small windows not very different from each other, defining what we call "twin jets". The associated "crowd" of mini-jets can also have a restricted span in transverse momentum. The study of these events for a fixed multiplicity is an ideal playground to investigate different models of multi-particle production in hadron-hadron collisions. We set up an exploratory analysis by using an ancient model of Chew and Pignotti to describe the gross features one can expect for the structure of single and double differential-in-rapidity cross sections and for particle-particle rapidity correlations when the longitudinal phase space completely decouples from the transverse degrees of freedom.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2020

A semi-infinite matrix analysis of the BFKL equation

The forward BFKL equation is discretised in virtuality space and it is shown that the diffusion into infrared and ultraviolet momenta can be understood in terms of a semi-infinite matrix. The square truncation of this matrix can be exponentiated leading to asymptotic eigenstates sharing many features with the BFKL gluon Green's function in the limit of large matrix size. This truncation is closely related to a representation of the XXX Heisenberg spin $= - \frac{1}{2}$ chain with SL(2) invariance where the Hamiltonian acts on a symmetric double copy of the harmonic oscillator. A simple modification of the BFKL matrix suppressing the infrared modes generates evolution with energy compatible with unitarity.

hep-th↗

arXiv2018

Forward Drell-Yan production at the LHC in the BFKL formalism with collinear corrections

Motivated by the recent work of Brzemiński, Motyka, Sadzikowski and Stebel in arXiv:1611.04449, where forward Drell--Yan production is studied in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, we improve their calculation by introducing an unintegrated gluon density obtained in arXiv:1209.1353 and arXiv:1301.5283 from a fit to combined HERA data at small values of Bjorken $x$. This gluon density was calculated within the BFKL formalism at next-to-leading order with collinear corrections. We show that it generates a good description of the forward Drell--Yan cross section dependence on the invariant mass of the lepton pair both for LHCb and ATLAS data.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2018

Inclusive dijet hadroproduction with a rapidity veto constraint

We study ratios of azimuthal-angle distributions in Mueller-Navelet jets after imposing a rapidity veto constraint: the minijet radiation activity is restricted to only allow final-state partons separated at least a distance in rapidity $b$. It is well-known that the asymptotic growth with the rapidity separation of the two tagged jets of the NLLA BFKL Green's function requires a value of $b \simeq {\cal O} (2)$ in order to avoid unphysical cross sections. We further investigate this point from a phenomenological point of view and work out those values of $b$ which best fit angular distributions measured at the LHC in a realistic set-up where impact factors and parton distribution effects are also taken into account.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2017

Multi-jet production in the high energy limit at LHC

We briefly review observables that were recently proposed in inclusive 3 jet production at hadronic colliders. They are based on azimuthal angle correlations between the final state jets and can be seen as a generalisation of the usual Mueller-Navelet setup. We discuss the stability of the observables once higher order corrections beyond the leading logarithmic accuracy are taken into account. Finally, we give a status report on a related project in which we examine azimuthal angle correlations for Mueller-Navelet jets after imposing a rapidity veto which forbids subsequent minijet emissions to be very close in rapidity.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2017

Two aspects of the Regge limit in QCD: Double Logs in Exclusive observables and Infrared Effects in Cross Sections

Two relevant points related to the application of the BFKL formalism to phenomenology are discussed. First, we have presented a set of observables characterizing multi-jet configurations event by event (average transverse momentum, average azimuthal angle, average ratio of jet rapidities) which can be used to find distinct signals of BFKL dynamics at the LHC. A numerical analysis has been shown using the Monte Carlo event generator BFKLex, modified to include higher-order collinear corrections in addition to the transverse-momentum implementation of the NLO kernel. We require to have two tagged forward/backward jets in the final state. Second, the structure of the BFKL equation changes if infrared boundary conditions are imposed when considering the running of the coupling. The cut in the complex angular momentum plane becomes an infinite series of Regge poles. Integrating along a contour off the real axis we find a strong dependence of the intercepts and collinear regions on the choice of the boundary conditions. The mean transverse scales dominant in the gluon ladder increase. This could have interesting phenomenological consequences.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2017

High energy effects in multi-jet production at LHC

We study differential cross sections for the production of three and four jets in multi-Regge kinematics, the main interest lying on azimuthal angle dependences. The theoretical setup is the jet production from a single BFKL ladder with a convolution of two/three BFKL Green functions, where two forward/backward jets are always tagged in the final state. Furthermore, we require the tagging of one/two further jets in more central regions of the detectors with a relative separation in rapidity. We found, as result, that the dependence on transverse momenta and rapidities of the central jets can be considered as a distinct signal of the onset of BFKL dynamics.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2017

Azimuthal-angle Observables in Inclusive Three-jet Production

We discuss the impact of corrections beyond the leading-logarithmic accuracy on some recently proposed LHC observables that are based on azimuthal-angle ratios in a kinematical setup that is an extension to the usual one for Mueller-Navelet jets, after requiring an extra tagged jet in central regions of rapidity. The corrections tend to be mild which suggests that these observables are an excellent way to probe the onset of BFKL effects at hadronic colliders.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2017

Inclusive Four-jet Production at 7 and 13 TeV: Azimuthal Profile in Multi-Regge Kinematics

Recently, new observables in LHC inclusive events with three tagged jets were proposed. Here, we extend that proposal to events with four tagged jets. The events are characterised by one jet in the forward direction, one in the backward direction with a large rapidity distance $Y$ from the first one and two more jets tagged in more central regions of the detector. In our setup, non-tagged associated mini-jet multiplicity is present and needs to be accounted for by the inclusion of BFKL gluon Green functions. The projection of the cross section on azimuthal-angle components opens up the opportunity for defining new ratios of correlation functions of the azimuthal angle differences among the tagged jets that can be used as probes of the BFKL dynamics.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2017

Multi-Regge kinematics and azimuthal angle observables for inclusive four-jet production

We evaluate differential cross sections for production of four jets in multi-Regge kinematics at a hadron collider. The main focus lies on azimuthal angle dependences. As in previous studies, the ratios of correlation functions of products of cosines of azimuthal angle differences among the tagged jets offer us the cleanest quantities to compare with experimental data. The calculations are based on the jet production from a single BFKL ladder with a convolution of three BFKL Green functions where we always have two forward/backward jets tagged in the final state. We also demand the tagging of two further jets in more central regions of the detectors with a relative separation in rapidity from each other, plus the inclusive production of an arbitrary number of mini-jets. We show that dependences on the transverse momenta and rapidity of the two central jets can be a distinct signal of the onset of BFKL dynamics.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2016

Stability of Azimuthal-angle Observables under Higher Order Corrections in Inclusive Three-jet Production

Recently, a new family of observables consisting of azimuthal-angle generalised ratios was proposed in a kinematical setup that resembles the usual Mueller-Navelet jets but with an additional tagged jet in the central region of rapidity. Non-tagged minijet activity between the three jets can affect significantly the azimuthal angle orientation of the jets and is accounted for by the introduction of two BFKL gluon Green functions. Here, we calculate the, presumably, most relevant higher order corrections to the observables by now convoluting the three leading-order jet vertices with two gluon Green functions at next-to-leading logarithmic approximation. The corrections appear to be mostly moderate giving us confidence that the recently proposed observables are actually an excellent way to probe the BFKL dynamics at the LHC. Furthermore, we allow for the jets to take values in different rapidity bins in various configurations such that a comparison between our predictions and the experimental data is a straightforward task.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2016

Probing the BFKL dynamics in inclusive three jet production at the LHC

We propose the study of new observables in LHC inclusive events with three tagged jets, one in the forward direction, one in the backward direction and both well-separated in rapidity from the each other (Mueller-Navelet jets), together with a third jet tagged in central regions of rapidity. Since non-tagged associated mini-jet multiplicity is allowed, we argue that projecting the cross sections on azimuthal-angle components can provide several distinct tests of the BFKL dynamics. Realistic LHC kinematical cuts are introduced.

hep-ph↗