Impact of Sub-2.5 MeV 12C+12CResonances on the Production of Elements from C to Pd in Core-Collapse Supernovae
We explore the impact of a more efficient 12C+12C reaction on the structure and nucleosynthesis of massive stars. We calculate non-rotating stellar models with initial masses of 15, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25, and 40 Msun and solar metallicity by means of the FRANEC code. Furthermore, we simulate the core-collapse supernova of these models with the thermal bomb technique, using two different approaches to inject the thermal energy into the pre-supernova structure. Our results show that a more efficient 12C+12C rate extends the duration of the central carbon burning phase, developing more massive convective cores and leading to a different and less compact pre-supernova structure with respect to models calculated with a standard 12C+12C rate. These structural differences significantly impact nucleosynthesis. In particular, an increased rate enhances the production of elements heavier than Fe, produced by the s-process nucleosynthesis and driven by the more efficient activation of the 13C($α$,n) neutron source in the early carbon burning shells. We find that the differences in the chemical composition of the core-collapse supernova ejecta are primarily determined by these pre-supernova structural changes, which dominate over the effects of different explosion prescriptions.