arXiv subjects

A. V. Semenov

Publications and source records attributed to A. V. Semenov.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2017

Engineering physics of superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixers

Superconducting hot-electron bolometers are presently the best performing mixing devices for the frequency range beyond 1.2 THz, where good quality superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) devices do not exist. Their physical appearance is very simple: an antenna consisting of a normal metal, sometimes a normal metal-superconductor bilayer, connected to a thin film of a narrow, short superconductor with a high resistivity in the normal state. The device is brought into an optimal operating regime by applying a dc current and a certain amount of local- oscillator power. Despite this technological simplicity its operation has been found to be controlled by many different aspects of superconductivity, all occurring simultaneously. A core ingredient is the understanding that there are two sources of resistance in a superconductor: a charge conversion resistance occurring at an normal-metal-superconductor interface and a resistance due to time- dependent changes of the superconducting phase. The latter is responsible for the actual mixing process in a non-uniform superconducting environment set up by the bias-conditions and the geometry. The present understanding indicates that further improvement needs to be found in the use of other materials with a faster energy-relaxation rate. Meanwhile several empirical parameters have become physically meaningful indicators of the devices, which will facilitate the technological developments.

astro-ph.IM↗

arXiv2017

Experimental demonstration of a two-dimensional phonon cavity in the quantum regime

The quantum regime in acoustic systems is a focus of recent fundamental research in the new field of Quantum Acoustodynamics (QAD). Systems based on surface acoustic waves having an advantage of easy integration in two-dimensions are particularly promising for the demonstration of novel effects in QAD and development of novel devices of quantum acousto-electronics. We demonstrate the vacuum mode of the surface acoustic wave resonator by coupling it to a superconducting artificial atom. The artificial atom is implemented into the resonator formed by two Brag mirrors. The results are consistent with expectations supported by the system model and our calculations. This work opens the way to map analogues of quantum optical effects into acoustic systems.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2016

Coherent excited states in superconductors due to a microwave field

We describe theoretically the depairing effect of a microwave field on diffusive s-wave superconductors. The ground state of the superconductor is altered qualitatively in analogy to the depairing due to a dc current. In contrast to dc-depairing the density of states acquires, for microwaves with frequency $ω_0$, steps at multiples of the photon energy $Δ\pm n\hbarω_0$ and shows an exponential-like tail in the subgap regime. We show that this ac-depairing explains the measured frequency shift of a superconducting resonator with microwave power at low temperatures.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2016

Quasi-1-Dimensional Superconductivity in Highly Disordered NbN Nanowires

The topic of superconductivity in strongly disordered materials has attracted a significant attention. In particular vivid debates are related to the subject of intrinsic spatial inhomogeneity responsible for non-BCS relation between the superconducting gap and the pairing potential. Here we report experimental study of electron transport properties of narrow NbN nanowires with effective cross sections of the order of the debated inhomogeneity scales. We find that conventional models based on phase slip concept provide reasonable fits for the shape of the R(T) transition curve. Temperature dependence of the critical current follows the text-book Ginzburg-Landau prediction for quasi-one-dimensional superconducting channel Ic~(1-T/Tc)^3/2. Hence, one may conclude that the intrinsic electronic inhomogeneity either does not exist in our structures, or, if exist, does not affect their resistive state properties.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2016

Coherent dynamics and decoherence in a superconducting weak link

We demonstrate coherent dynamics of quantized magnetic fluxes in a superconducting loop with a weak link - a nanobridge patterned from the same thin NbN film as the loop. The bridge is a short rounded shape constriction, close to 10 nm long and 20 - 30 nm wide, having minimal width at its center. Quantum state control and coherent oscillations in the driven time evolution of the tunnel-junctionless system are achieved. Decoherence and energy relaxation in the system are studied using a combination of microwave spectroscopy and direct time-domain techniques. The effective flux noise behavior suggests inductance fluctuations as a possible cause of the decoherence.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2015

Vortex assisted mechanism of photon counting in superconducting nanowire single photon detector revealed by external magnetic field

We use external magnetic field to probe the detection mechanism of superconducting nanowire single photon detector. We argue that the hot belt model (which assumes partial suppression of the superconducting order parameter $Δ$ across the whole width of the superconducting nanowire after absorption of the single photon) does not explain observed weak field dependence of the photon count rate (PCR) for photons with $λ$=450 nm and noticeable {\it decrease} of PCR (with increasing the magnetic field) in some range of the currents for photons with wavelengths $λ$ =450-1200 nm. Found experimental results for all studied wavelengths $λ= 450-1550$ nm could be explained by the vortex hot spot model (which assumes partial suppression of $Δ$ in the area with size smaller than the width of the nanowire) if one takes into account nucleation and entrance of the vortices to the photon induced hot spot and their pinning by the hot spot with relatively large size and strongly suppressed $Δ$.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2013

Coherent Flux Tunneling Through NbN Nanowires

We demonstrate evidence of coherent magnetic flux tunneling through superconducting nanowires patterned in a thin highly disordered NbN film. The phenomenon is revealed as a superposition of flux states in a fully metallic superconducting loop with the nanowire acting as an effective tunnel barrier for the magnetic flux, and reproducibly observed in different wires. The flux superposition achieved in the fully metallic NbN rings proves the universality of the phenomenon previously reported for InOx. We perform microwave spectroscopy and study the tunneling amplitude as a function of the wire width, compare the experimental results with theories, and estimate the parameters for existing theoretical models.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2003

Triple and quartic interactions of Higgs bosons in the two-Higgs-doublet model with CP violation

We consider the two-Higgs-doublet model with explicit CP-violation, where the effective Higgs potential is not CP-invariant at the tree-level. Three neutral Higgs bosons of the model are the mixtures of CP-even and CP-odd bosons which exist in the CP-conserving limit of the theory. The mass spectrum and tree-level couplings of the neutral Higgs bosons to gauge bosons and fermions are significantly dependent on the parameters of the Higgs boson mixing matrix. We calculate the Higgs-gauge boson, Higgs-fermion, triple and quartic Higgs self-interactions in the MSSM with explicit CP-violation in the Higgs sector and CP-violating Yukawa interactions of the third generation scalar quarks. In some regions of the MSSM parameter space substantial changes of the self-interaction vertices take place, leading to significant suppression or enhancement of the multiple Higgs boson production cross sections.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2002

LanHEP - a package for automatic generation of Feynman rules in field theory. Version 2.0

The LanHEP program for Feynman rules generation in momentum representation is presented. It reads the Lagrangian written in a compact form, close to the one used in publications. It means that Lagrangian terms can be written with summation over indices of broken symmetries and using special symbols for complicated expressions, such as covariant derivative and strength tensor for gauge fields. The output is Feynman rules in terms of physical fields and independent parameters. This output can be written in LaTeX format and in the form of CompHEP model files, which allows one to start calculations of processes in the new physical model. Although this job is rather straightforward and can be done manually, it requires careful calculations and in modern theories with many particles and vertices, such as supersymmetric models, can lead to errors and misprints. The program allows one to introduce into CompHEP new gauge theories as well as various anomalous terms.

hep-ph↗

arXiv1998

Tagging High Energy Photons in the H1 Detector at HERA

Measures taken to extend the acceptance of the H1 detector at HERA for photoproduction events are described. These will enable the measurement of electrons scattered in events in the high y range 0.85 < y < 0.95 in the 1998 and 1999 HERA run period. The improvement is achieved by the installation of an electromagnetic calorimeter, the ET8, in the HERA tunnel close to the electron beam line 8 m downstream of the H1 interaction point in the electron direction. The ET8 will allow the study of tagged gamma p interactions at centre-of-mass energies significantly higher than those previously attainable. The calorimeter design and expected performance are discussed, as are results obtained using a prototype placed as close as possible to the position of the ET8 during the 1996 and 1997 HERA running.

hep-ex↗

arXiv1997

Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model within CompHEP software package

The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model is presented as a model for the CompHEP software package as a set of files containing the complete Lagrangian of the MSSM, particle contents and parameters. All resources of CompHEP with a user-friendly interface are now available for the phenomenological study of the MSSM. Various special features of the model are discussed.

hep-ph↗

arXiv1997

Physical results by means of CompHEP

The CompHEP package was developed for calculations of decay and high energy collision processes with, correspondingly, up to 5 and 4 final particles in the lowest order (tree) approximation. The main idea put into CompHEP was to make available passing from the Lagrangian to final distributions efficiently with high level automation what is extremely needed in collider physics. The present talk describes a general structure of the CompHEP facilities and reports some physical results obtained with its help. The main purpose of the talk is to attract the attention of high energy physicists to this user-friendly package which is completely aimed at making easier their routine and tedious calculations in the TeV region.

hep-ph↗

arXiv1996

LanHEP - a package for automatic generation of Feynman rules in gauge models

We consider the general problem of derivation of the Feynman rules for the matrix elements in momentum representation from the given Lagrangian in coordinate space invariant under the transformation of some gauge group. LanHEP package presented in this paper allows to define in a convenient way the gauge model Lagrangian in canonical form and then to generate automatically the Feynman rules that can be used in the following calculation of the physical processes by means of CompHEP package. The detailed description of LanHEP commands is given and several examples of LanHEP applications (QED, QCD, Standard Model in the t'Hooft-Feynman gauge) are presented.

hep-ph↗

arXiv1995

Single leptoquark production associated with hard photon emission in ep collisions at high energies

In this paper we consider single leptoquark resonance production associated with the emission of a hard photon. We have obtained analytical formulae for differential and total cross sections for the cases of scalar and vector leptoquarks. We have found that in reactions with scalar leptoquarks there is no photon radiation in some directions depending on the leptoquark electric charge (the radiative amplitude zero - the RAZ effect). For vector leptoquarks the exact RAZ is present only in the case of Yang-Mills coupling. We propose to use the RAZ effect to determine the types of leptoquarks. We conclude also that this effect opens a possibility to measure the leptoquark anomalous magnetic moment.

hep-ph↗