arXiv subjects

Aidi Yang

Publications and source records attributed to Aidi Yang.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Multimessenger search strategy for composite dark matter with white dwarf data and gravitational wave detectors

The nature of dark matter (DM) remains one of the most challenges in modern physics. Composite or macroscopic DM present a compelling alternative to conventional particle DM, yet their terrestrial search is notoriously challenging due to low number density. This Letter presents a unified, multimessenger search strategy for composite DM, dramatically improving existing constraints and proposing a new detection method. We first perform a model independent update of astrophysical constraints from compact objects, utilizing systematic calculations and additional white dwarf data related to ignition and subsequent supernovae. Crucially, for the first time, we explore novel signals of composite DM in future gravitational wave detectors like LISA, TianQin, and Taiji, performing detailed signal to noise ratio and Fisher matrix analyses. We demonstrate that these detectors will possess the requisite sensitivity to probe untouched regions of the DM parameter space. Our results underscore the unique power of the multimessenger paradigm spanning stellar astrophysics and gravitational wave astronomy to explore this distinct and challenging frontier of DM physics. Our analyses extend broadly to a wide range of macroscopic or composite DM scenarios.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2025

Model Parameter Reconstruction of Electroweak Phase Transition with TianQin and LISA: Insights from the Dimension-Six Model

We investigate the capability of TianQin and LISA to reconstruct the model parameters in the Lagrangian of new physics scenarios that can generate an electroweak SFOPT. Taking the dimension-six Higgs operator extension of the Standard Model as a representative scenario for a broad class of new physics models, we establish the mapping between the model parameter $\Lambda$ and the observable spectral features of the stochastic gravitational wave background. We begin by generating simulated data incorporating Time Delay Interferometry channel noise, astrophysical foregrounds, and signals from the dimension-six model. The data are then compressed and optimized, followed by geometric parameter inference using both Fisher matrix analysis and Bayesian nested sampling with PolyChord, which efficiently handles high-dimensional, multimodal posterior distributions. Finally, machine-learning techniques are employed to achieve precise reconstruction of the model parameter $\Lambda$. For benchmark points producing strong signals, parameter reconstruction with both TianQin and LISA yields relative uncertainties of approximately $20$-$30\%$ in the signal amplitude and sub-percent precision in the model parameter $\Lambda$. The sub-percent precision reflects the statistical reconstruction capability of the detectors in an idealized setting: it incorporates the machine-learning inference uncertainty and is established at a fixed bubble wall velocity, while theoretical uncertainties in the effective potential calculation are not included.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2025

Primordial Black Hole Formation and Multimessenger Signals in a Complex Singlet Extension of the Standard Model

We investigate the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) induced by a first-order electroweak phase transition in a realistic renormalizable framework, the complex singlet extension of the Standard Model. We perform a quantitative analysis of the PBH abundance and identify parameter regions consistent with current microlensing constraints. Furthermore, we show that the same parameter space predicts observable stochastic gravitational waves within the sensitivities of future space-based detectors, as well as a sizable deviation in the Higgs triple coupling that can be probed at future lepton colliders. Our results highlight a comprehensive multimessenger framework in which PBH, gravitational wave, and collider observations can jointly test the dynamics of a strongly first-order electroweak phase transition in the early Universe.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2024

Detectability of the Phase Transition Gravitational Waves in the DFSZ axion Model

In recent years, an increasing number of studies have focused on using gravitational waves to explore axions and the dynamics of Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking at high energy scales in the early universe. To accurately quantify the capability of specific gravitational wave experiments to probe the axion properties, it is crucial to perform precise calculations of gravitational wave signals based on given axion models and to conduct detailed detectability analysis tailored to the experimental configurations. Therefore, in this work, we consider the widely-studied DFSZ axion model and, for the first time, perform precise calculations of the phase transition dynamics parameters and associated gravitational wave signals. Our results demonstrate that the DFSZ model allows a strong first-order phase transition for the Peccei-Quinn symmetry-breaking process at high energy scales exceeding $10^{9}~\mathrm{GeV}$. Moreover, by calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the gravitational waves and comparing it with the thresholds of the Cosmic Explorer detector, we find that these signals are observable by the Cosmic Explorer with the energy scale range from $10^9~\mathrm{GeV}$ to $10^{12}~\mathrm{GeV}$. Notably, through Fisher Matrix analysis, we find that if Cosmic Explorer detectors observe these gravitational waves, the bubble wall velocity will be the first parameter to be determined. This study demonstrates that gravitational wave detection offers a powerful approach to investigating axion dynamics complementary to other experiments.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2023

Implication of nano-Hertz stochastic gravitational wave on dynamical dark matter through a dark first-order phase transition

For the first time, the expected stochastic gravitational wave background is probably discovered after observing the Hellings Downs correlation curve by several pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations around the globe including NANOGrav, European PTA, Parkes PTA, and Chinese PTA. These new observations can help to explore or constrain the dark matter (DM) formation mechanisms in the early Universe. We study the implication of those results on the dynamical DM formation mechanisms through a dark first-order phase transition in the early Universe. Both the Q-ball DM and super-cool DM are investigated in the strong super-cooling dark phase transition scenario which may give an interpretation of the observed stochastic gravitational wave background.

hep-ph↗