Field-like Perturbation Enabled Six-state Readout in Triaxial $α$-$\mathrm{Fe}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}$|Pt Bi-layers
Canted antiferromagnet $α$-$\mathrm{Fe}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}$|Pt bilayers offer a platform for multistate memory, but spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) readout cannot distinguish states separated by $180^{\circ}$, limiting detection to three states. We show that a field-like perturbation lifts the degeneracy of opposite states in $α$-$\mathrm{Fe}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}$, enabling the resolution of six states in the SMR signal. We introduce a dual-modulation SMR method to mitigate thermal drifts and enable reliable readout. Computations of first- and second-harmonic SMR reveal the role of exchange, anisotropy and field-like perturbations in resolving the states.
cond-mat.mes-hall↗