arXiv subjects

Akriti Garg

Publications and source records attributed to Akriti Garg.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Hawking radiation from black holes in 2+1 dimensions

The paper develops a model to understand the effective quantum geometry of a black hole horizon and the emission of Hawking spectrum in $2+1$ dimensions. Using the algebra of Hamiltonian charges on the horizon, we establish that one should view the black hole horizon as formed out of quantised lengths of elementary quanta of value $8\pi \ell_{P}\, n$, where $n\in \mathbb{N}$, and $\ell_{P}$ is the Planck length. We determine the black hole entropy using this equidistant length spectrum in the microcanonical ensemble and show that its value is close to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. To evaluate the Hawking spectrum, we note that, to an observer near the black hole horizon, the entropy (or length of horizon cross-section) is related to the black hole energy. Hence, one may develop a formulation of length ensemble (similar to the area canonical ensemble of Krasnov) from which the black body spectrum may be obtained directly. This local observer perceives a Hawking spectrum whose temperature is modified by the Tolman factor.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2026

Non-Minimally Coupled Scalar Field, Area Quantization and Black Hole Entropy

The enumeration of black hole entropy in candidate theories of quantum gravity utilises the quantum properties of microstates residing on the black hole horizon. For example, in Loop Quantum Gravity, the computation of entropy is based on the spectrum of area operator, and one determines the possible number of area mirocrostates corresponding to a given classical horizon area. In this paper, we derive the eigenspectrum of the horizon area operator for rotating/non-rotating black holes in a gravitational theory non-minimally coupled to scalar fields. Using the weak isolated horizon formalism, we show that the spectrum of area operator follows unambiguously from the algebra of horizon symmetry. More precisely, from the quantum mechanical point of view, the horizon geometry must be naturally discrete, a conclusion which is arrived at directly, without the need for any particular theory of quantum gravity. The area spectrum depends on the Barbero-Immirzi parameter as well as the value of scalar field on horizon. The area spectrum is equidistant, which is consistent with the Bekenstein-Mukhanov proposal and gives rise to black hole entropy and their quantum corrections.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2025

Gravitational collapse of matter fields in de Sitter spacetimes

In this paper, we discuss the spherically symmetric gravitational collapse of matter fields in the de Sitter universe. The energy-momentum tensor of the matter field is assumed to admit a wide variety including dust, perfect fluids with equations of state, fluids with tangential and radial pressure, and with bulk and shear viscosity. Under different initial conditions imposed on the velocity and the density profiles, and by combining the results from exact analytical methods with those obtained from numerical techniques, we track the formation and evolution of spherical marginally trapped spheres as the matter suffers continual gravitational collapse. We show that the quasilocal formalism of trapped surfaces provides an ideal framework to study the evolution of horizons. More precisely, black hole and cosmological horizons may be viewed as the time development of marginally trapped surfaces.

gr-qc↗