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Alessandro Michelangeli

Publications and source records attributed to Alessandro Michelangeli.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
arXiv2021

On general convergence behaviours of finite-dimensional approximants for abstract linear inverse problems

In the framework of abstract linear inverse problems in infinitedimensional Hilbert space we discuss generic convergence behaviours of approximate solutions determined by means of general projection methods, namely outside the standard assumptions of Petrov-Galerkin truncation schemes. This includes a discussion of the mechanisms why the error or the residual generically fail to vanish in norm, and the identification of practically plausible sufficient conditions for such indicators to be small in some weaker sense. The presentation is based on theoretical results together with a series of model examples and numerical tests.

math.NA↗
arXiv2020

Models of zero-range interaction for the bosonic trimer at unitarity

We present the mathematical construction of the physically relevant quantum Hamiltonians for a three-body systems consisting of identical bosons mutually coupled by a two-body interaction of zero range. For a large part of the presentation, infinite scattering length will be considered (the unitarity regime). The subject has several precursors in the mathematical literature. We proceed through an operator-theoretic construction of the self-adjoint extensions of the minimal operator obtained by restricting the free Hamiltonian to wave-functions that vanish in the vicinity of the coincidence hyperplanes: all extensions thus model an interaction precisely supported at the spatial configurations where particles come on top of each other. Among them, we select the physically relevant ones, by implementing in the operator construction the presence of the specific short-scale structure suggested by formal physical arguments that are ubiquitous in the physical literature on zero-range methods. This is done by applying at different stages the self-adjoint extension schemes a la Kre{\uı}n-Višik-Birman and a la von Neumann. We produce a class of canonical models for which we also analyse the structure of the negative bound states. Bosonicity and zero range combined together make such canonical models display the typical Thomas and Efimov spectra, i.e., sequence of energy eigenvalues accumulating to both minus infinity and zero. We also discuss a type of regularisation that prevents such spectral instability while retaining an effective short-scale pattern. Beside the operator qualification, we also present the associated energy quadratic forms. We structured our analysis so as to clarify certain steps of the operator-theoretic construction that are notoriously subtle for the correct identification of a domain of self-adjointness.

math-ph↗
arXiv2020

Krylov solvability of unbounded inverse linear problems

The abstract issue of 'Krylov solvability' is extensively discussed for the inverse problem $Af = g$ where $A$ is a (possibly unbounded) linear operator on an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space, and $g$ is a datum in the range of $A$. The question consists of whether the solution $f$ can be approximated in the Hilbert norm by finite linear combinations of $g, Ag, A^2 g, \dots$ , and whether solutions of this sort exist and are unique. After revisiting the known picture when $A$ is bounded, we study the general case of a densely defined and closed $A$. Intrinsic operator-theoretic mechanisms are identified that guarantee or prevent Krylov solvability, with new features arising due to the unboundedness. Such mechanisms are checked in the self-adjoint case, where Krylov solvability is also proved by conjugate-gradient-based techniques.

math.NA↗
arXiv2020

Faber-Krahn inequalities for Schrödinger operators with point and with Coulomb interactions

We obtain new Faber-Krahn-type inequalities for certain perturbations of the Dirichlet Laplacian on a bounded domain. First, we establish a two- and three-dimensional Faber-Krahn inequality for the Schrödinger operator with point interaction: the optimiser is the ball with the point interaction supported at its centre. Next, we establish three-dimensional Faber-Krahn inequalities for one- and two-body Schrödinger operator with attractive Coulomb interactions, the optimiser being given in terms of Coulomb attraction at the centre of the ball. The proofs of such results are based on symmetric decreasing rearrangement and Steiner rearrangement techniques; in the first model a careful analysis of certain monotonicity properties of the lowest eigenvalue is also needed.

math-ph↗
arXiv2020

Self-adjoint extensions with Friedrichs lower bound

We produce a simple criterion and a constructive recipe to identify those self-adjoint extensions of a lower semi-bounded symmetric operator on Hilbert space which have the same lower bound as the Friedrichs extension. Applications of this abstract result to a few instructive examples are then discussed.

math.FA↗
arXiv2019

On Geometric Quantum Confinement in Grushin-type Manifolds

We study the problem of so-called geometric quantum confinement in a class of two-dimensional incomplete Riemannian manifold with metric of Grushin type. We employ a constant-fibre direct integral scheme, in combination with Weyl's analysis in each fibre, thus fully characterising the regimes of presence and absence of essential self-adjointness of the associated Laplace-Beltrami operator.

math.DG↗
arXiv2019

On Krylov solutions to infinite-dimensional inverse linear problems

We discuss, in the context of inverse linear problems in Hilbert space, the notion of the associated infinite-dimensional Krylov subspace and we produce necessary and sufficient conditions for the Krylov-solvability of a given inverse problem, together with a series of model examples and numerical experiments.

math.NA↗
arXiv2019

Mean-field dynamics for mixture condensates via Fock space methods

We consider a mean-field model to describe the dynamics of $N_1$ bosons of species one and $N_2$ bosons of species two in the limit as $N_1$ and $N_2$ go to infinity. We embed this model into Fock space and use it to describe the time evolution of coherent states which represent two-component condensates. Following this approach, we obtain a microscopic quantum description for the dynamics of such systems, determined by the Schrödinger equation. Associated to the solution to the Schrödinger equation, we have a reduced density operator for one particle in the first component of the condensate and one particle in the second component. In this paper, we estimate the difference between this operator and the projection onto the tensor product of two functions that are solutions of a system of equations of Hartree type. Our results show that this difference goes to zero as $N_1$ and $N_2$ go to infinity. Our hypotheses allow the Coulomb interaction.

math-ph↗
arXiv2018

Ground state energy of mixture of Bose gases

We consider the asymptotic behavior of a system of multi-component trapped bosons, when the total particle number $N$ becomes large. In the dilute regime, when the interaction potentials have the length scale of order $O(N^{-1})$, we show that the leading order of the ground state energy is captured correctly by the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional and that the many-body ground state fully condensates on the Gross-Pitaevskii minimizers. In the mean-field regime, when the interaction length scale is $O(1)$, we are able to verify Bogoliubov's approximation and obtain the second order expansion of the ground state energy. While such asymptotic results have several precursors in the literature on one-component condensates, the adaption to the multi-component setting is non-trivial in various respects and the analysis will be presented in details.

math-ph↗
arXiv2018

Effective non-linear spinor dynamics in a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate

We derive from first principles the experimentally observed effective dynamics of a spinor Bose gas initially prepared as a Bose-Einstein condensate and then left free to expand ballistically. In spinor condensates, which represent one of the recent frontiers in the manipulation of ultra-cold atoms, particles interact with a two-body spatial interaction and a spin-spin interaction. The effective dynamics is governed by a system of coupled semi-linear Schrödinger equations: we recover this system, in the sense of marginals in the limit of infinitely many particles, with a mean-field re-scaling of the many-body Hamiltonian. When the resulting control of the dynamical persistence of condensation is quantified with the parameters of modern observations, we obtain a bound that remains quite accurate for the whole typical duration of the experiment.

math-ph↗
arXiv2018

Discrete spectra for critical Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonians

The one-particle Dirac Hamiltonian with Coulomb interaction is known to be realised, in a regime of large (critical) couplings, by an infinite multiplicity of distinct self-adjoint operators, including a distinguished, physically most natural one. For the latter, Sommerfeld's celebrated fine structure formula provides the well-known expression for the eigenvalues in the gap of the continuum spectrum. Exploiting our recent general classification of all other self-adjoint realisations, we generalise Sommerfeld's formula so as to determine the discrete spectrum of all other self-adjoint versions of the Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian. Such discrete spectra display naturally a fibred structure, whose bundle covers the whole gap of the continuum spectrum.

math-ph↗
arXiv2018

Fractional powers and singular perturbations of quantum differential Hamiltonians

We consider the fractional powers of singular (point-like) perturbations of the Laplacian, and the singular perturbations of fractional powers of the Laplacian, and we compare such two constructions focusing on their perturbative structure for resolvents and on the local singularity structure of their domains. In application to the linear and non-linear Schrödinger equations for the corresponding operators we outline a programme of relevant questions that deserve being investigated.

math.FA↗
arXiv2018

The singular Hartree equation in fractional perturbed Sobolev spaces

We establish the local and global theory for the Cauchy problem of the singular Hartree equation in three dimensions, that is, the modification of the non-linear Schrödinger equation with Hartree non-linearity, where the linear part is now given by the Hamiltonian of point interaction. The latter is a singular, self-adjoint perturbation of the free Laplacian, modelling a contact interaction at a fixed point. The resulting non-linear equation is the typical effective equation for the dynamics of condensed Bose gases with fixed point-like impurities. We control the local solution theory in the perturbed Sobolev spaces of fractional order between the mass space and the operator domain. We then control the global solution theory both in the mass and in the energy space.

math.AP↗
arXiv2018

Hydrogenoid spectra with central perturbations

Through the Kre\uın-Višik-Birman extension scheme, unlike the classical analysis based on von Neumann's theory, we reproduce the construction and classification of all self-adjoint realisations of three-dimensional hydrogenoid-like Hamiltonians with singular perturbation supported at the Coulomb centre (the nucleus), as well as of Schrödinger operators with Coulomb potentials on the half-line. These two problems are technically equivalent, albeit sometimes treated by their own in the the literature. Based on such scheme, we then recover the formula to determine the eigenvalues of each self-adjoint extension, as corrections of the non-relativistic hydrogenoid energy levels. We discuss in which respect the Kre\uın-Višik-Birman scheme is somewhat more natural in yielding the typical boundary condition of self-adjointness at the centre of the perturbation.

math-ph↗
arXiv2018

Two dimensional Schr{\" o}dinger operators with point interactions: threshold expansions, zero modes and $L^p$-boundedness of wave operators

We study the threshold behaviour of two dimensional Schr{\" o}dinger operators with finitely many local point interactions. We show that the resolvent can either be continuously extended up to the threshold, in which case we say that the operator is of regular type, or it has singularities associated with $s$ or p-wave resonances or even with an embedded eigenvalue at zero, for whose existence we give necessary and sufficient conditions. An embedded eigenvalue at zero may appear only if we have at least three centres. When the operator is of regular type we prove that the wave operators are bounded in $L^p(\R^2)$ for all $1<p<\infty$. With a single center we always are in the regular type case.

math.SP↗
arXiv2018

Point-like perturbed fractional Laplacians through shrinking potentials of finite range

We reconstruct the rank-one, singular (point-like) perturbations of the $d$-dimensional fractional Laplacian in the physically meaningful norm-resolvent limit of fractional Schrödinger operators with regular potentials centred around the perturbation point and shrinking to a delta-like shape. We analyse both the possible regimes, the resonance-driven and the resonance-independent limit, depending on the power of the fractional Laplacian and the spatial dimension. To this aim, we also qualify the notion of zero-energy resonance for Schrödinger operators formed by a fractional Laplacian and a regular potential.

math.FA↗
arXiv2018

Self-adjoint realisations of the Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian for heavy nuclei

We derive a classification of the self-adjoint extensions of the three-dimensional Dirac-Coulomb operator in the critical regime of the Coulomb coupling. Our approach is solely based upon the Kre{\uı}n-Višik-Birman extension scheme, or also on Grubb's universal classification theory, as opposite to previous works within the standard von Neumann framework. This let the boundary condition of self-adjointness emerge, neatly and intrinsically, as a multiplicative constraint between regular and singular part of the functions in the domain of the extension, the multiplicative constant giving also immediate information on the invertibility property and on the resolvent and spectral gap of the extension.

math-ph↗