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Alexander Kiselev

Publications and source records attributed to Alexander Kiselev.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
arXiv2009

A variation on a theme of Caffarelli and Vasseur

Recently, using DiGiorgi-type techniques, Caffarelli and Vasseur showed that a certain class of weak solutions to the drift diffusion equation with initial data in $L^2$ gain Hölder continuity provided that the BMO norm of the drift velocity is bounded uniformly in time. We show a related result: a uniform bound on BMO norm of a smooth velocity implies uniform bound on the $C^β$ norm of the solution for some $β>0.$ We use elementary tools involving control of Hölder norms using test functions. In particular, our approach offers a third proof of the global regularity for the critical surface quasi-geostrophic (SQG) equation.

math.AP↗
arXiv2009

The explosion problem in a flow

We consider the explosion problem in an incompressible flow introduced in the paper of H. Berestycki, L. Kagan, G. Joulin and G. Sivashinsky. We use a novel $L^p-L^\infty$ estimate for elliptic advection-diffusion problems to show that the explosion threshold obeys a positive lower bound which is uniform in the advecting flow. We also identify the flows for which the explosion threshold tends to infinity as their amplitude grows and obtain an effective description of the explosion threshold in the strong flow asymptotics in a two-dimensional one-cell flow.

math.AP↗
arXiv2008

Blow up and regularity for fractal Burgers equation

The paper is a comprehensive study of the existence, uniqueness, blow up and regularity properties of solutions of the Burgers equation with fractional dissipation. We prove existence of the finite time blow up for the power of Laplacian $α< 1/2,$ and global existence as well as analyticity of solution for $α\geq 1/2.$ We also prove the existence of solutions with very rough initial data $u_0 \in L^p,$ $1 < p < \infty.$ Many of the results can be extended to a more general class of equations, including the surface quasi-geostrophic equation.

math.AP↗
arXiv2007

Relaxation Enhancement by Time-Periodic Flows

We study enhancement of diffusive mixing by fast incompressible time-periodic flows. The class of relaxation-enhancing flows that are especially efficient in speeding up mixing has been introduced in [2]. The relaxation-enhancing property of a flow has been shown to be intimately related to the properties of the dynamical system it generates. In particular, time-independent flows $u$ such that the operator $u \cdot \nabla$ has sufficiently smooth eigenfunctions are not relaxation-enhancing. Here we extend results of [2] to time-periodic flows $u(x,t)$ and in particular show that there exist flows such that for each fixed time the flow is Hamiltonian, but the resulting time-dependent flow is relaxation-enhancing. Thus we confirm the physical intuition that time dependence of a flow may aid mixing. We also provide an extension of our results to the case of a nonlinear diffusion model. The proofs are based on a general criterion for the decay of a semigroup generated by an operator of the form $Γ+iAL(t)$ with a negative unbounded self-adjoint operator $Γ$, a time-periodic self-adjoint operator-valued function $L(t)$, and a parameter $A>>1$.

math.AP↗
arXiv2005

Enhancement of combustion by drift in a coupled reaction-diffusion model

We study analytically and numerically a model describing front propagation of a KPP reaction in a fluid flow. The model consists of coupled one-dimensional reaction-diffusion equations with different drift coefficients. The main rigorous results give lower bounds for the speed of propagation that are linear in the drift coefficient, which agrees very well with the numerical observations. In addition, we find the optimal constant in a functional inequality of independent interest used in the proof.

math.AP↗
arXiv2005

Spectral Properties of Schrödinger Operators with Decaying Potentials

We review recent advances in the spectral theory of Schrödinger operators with decaying potentials. The area has seen spectacular progress in the past few years, stimulated by several conjectures stated by Barry Simon starting at the 1994 International Congress on Mathematical Physics in Paris. The one-dimensional picture is now fairly complete, and provides many striking spectral examples. The multidimensional picture is still far from clear and may require deep original ideas for further progress. It might hold the keys for better understanding of a wide range of spectral and dynamical phenomena for Schrödinger operators in higher dimensions.

math.SP↗
arXiv2005

On Discrete Models of the Euler Equation

We consider two discrete models for the Euler equation describing incompressible fluid dynamics. These models are infinite coupled systems of ODEs for the functions $u_j$ which can be thought of as wavelet coefficients of the fluid velocity. The first model has been proposed and studied by Katz and Pavlovic. The second has been recently discussed by Waleffe and goes back to Obukhov studies of the energy cascade in developed turbulence. These are the only basic models of this type satisfying some natural scaling and conservation conditions. We prove that the Katz-Pavlovic model leads to finite time blowup for any initial datum, while the Obukhov model has a global solution for any sufficiently smooth initial datum.

math.AP↗
arXiv2005

Quenching of combustion by shear flows

We consider a simple model describing premixed combustion in the presence of fluid flow: reaction diffusion equation with passive advection and ignition type nonlinearity. Strong advection can suppress flames - a process we call quenching. A flow is called quenching if any compactly supported initial data will become extinct provided that the amplitude of the flow is chosen sufficiently large. In this paper, we provide a sharp characterization of quenching shear flows.The efficiency of quenching depends strongly on the geometry and scaling of the flow. We discuss the cases of slowly and quickly varying flows, proving analytically behavior that has been observed earlier in numerical experiments. The technique involves probabilistic and PDE estimates, in particular applications of Malliavin calculus and central limit theorem for martingales.

math.AP↗
arXiv2002

Flame Enhancement and Quenching in Fluid Flows

We perform direct numerical simulations (DNS) of an advected scalar field which diffuses and reacts according to a nonlinear reaction law. The objective is to study how the bulk burning rate of the reaction is affected by an imposed flow. In particular, we are interested in comparing the numerical results with recently predicted analytical upper and lower bounds. We focus on reaction enhancement and quenching phenomena for two classes of imposed model flows with different geometries: periodic shear flow and cellular flow. We are primarily interested in the fast advection regime. We find that the bulk burning rate v in a shear flow satisfies v ~ a*U+b where U is the typical flow velocity and a is a constant depending on the relationship between the oscillation length scale of the flow and laminar front thickness. For cellular flow, we obtain v ~ U^{1/4}. We also study flame extinction (quenching) for an ignition-type reaction law and compactly supported initial data for the scalar field. We find that in a shear flow the flame of the size W can be typically quenched by a flow with amplitude U ~ alpha*W. The constant alpha depends on the geometry of the flow and tends to infinity if the flow profile has a plateau larger than a critical size. In a cellular flow, we find that the advection strength required for quenching is U ~ W^4 if the cell size is smaller than a critical value.

physics.flu-dyn↗
arXiv2002

Fronts in reactive convection: bounds, stability and instability

We consider front propagation in a reactive Boussinesq system in an infinite vertical strip. We establish nonlinear stability of planar fronts for narrow domains when the Rayleigh number is not too large. Planar fronts are shown to be linearly unstable with respect to long wavelength perturbations if the Rayleigh number is sufficiently large. We also prove uniform bounds on the bulk burning rate and the Nusselt number in the KPP reaction case.

nlin.CD↗
arXiv2001

Uniqueness Results for Matrix-Valued Schrödinger, Jacobi, and Dirac-Type Operators

Let $g(z,x)$ denote the diagonal Green's matrix of a self-adjoint $m\times m$ matrix-valued Schrödinger operator $H= -\f{d^2}{dx^2}I_m +Q(x)$ in $L^2 (\bbR)^{m}$, $m\in\bbN$. One of the principal results proven in this paper states that for a fixed $x_0\in\bbR$ and all $z\in\bbC_+$, $g(z,x_0)$ and $g^\prime (z,x_0)$ uniquely determine the matrix-valued $m\times m$ potential $Q(x)$ for a.e.~$x\in\bbR$. We also prove the following local version of this result. Let $g_j(z,x)$, $j=1,2$ be the diagonal Green's matrices of the self-adjoint Schrödinger operators $H_j=-\f{d^2}{dx^2}I_m +Q_j(x)$ in $L^2 (\bbR)^{m}$. Suppose that for fixed $a>0$ and $x_0\in\bbR$, $\|g_1(z,x_0)-g_2(z,x_0)\|_{\bbC^{m\times m}}+ \|g_1^\prime (z,x_0)-g_2^\prime (z,x_0)\|_{\bbC^{m\times m}} \underset{|z|\to\infty}{=}O\big(e^{-2\Im(z^{1/2})a}\big)$ for $z$ inside a cone along the imaginary axis with vertex zero and opening angle less than $π/2$, excluding the real axis. Then $Q_1(x)=Q_2(x)$ for a.e.~$x\in [x_0-a,x_0+a]$. Analogous results are proved for matrix-valued Jacobi and Dirac-type operators.

math.SP↗
arXiv2000

An upper bound for the bulk burning rate for systems

We consider a system of reaction-diffusion equations with passive advection term and Lewis number not equal to one. Such systems are used to describe chemical reactions in a flow in a situation where temperature and material diffusivities are not equal. It is expected that the fluid advection will distort the reaction front, increasing the area of reaction and thus speeding up the reaction process. While a variety of estimates on the influence of the flow on reaction are available for a single reaction-diffusion equation (corresponding to the case of Lewis number equal to one), the case of the system is largely open. We prove a general upper bound on the reaction rate in such systems in terms of the reaction rate for a single reaction-diffusion equation, showing that the long time average of reaction rate with $\Le \ne 1$ does not exceed the $\Le=1$ case. Thus the upper estimates derived for $\Le=1$ apply to the systems. Both front-like and compact initial data (hot blob) are considered.

nlin.CD↗
arXiv2000

Quenching of flames by fluid advection

We consider a simple scalar reaction-advection-diffusion equation with ignition-type nonlinearity and discuss the following question: What kinds of velocity profiles are capable of quenching any given flame, provided the velocity's amplitude is adequately large? Even for shear flows, the answer turns out to be surprisingly subtle. If the velocity profile changes in space so that it is nowhere identically constant, (or if it is identically constant only in a region of small measure) then the flow can quench any initial data. But if the velocity profile is identically constant in a sizable region, then the ensuing flow is incapable of quenching large enough flames, no matter how much larger is the amplitude of this velocity. The constancy region must be wider across than a couple of laminar propagating front-widths. The proof uses a linear PDE associated to the nonlinear problem and quenching follows when the PDE is hypoelliptic. The techniques used allow the derivation of new, nearly optimal bounds on the speed of traveling wave solutions.

nlin.CD↗
arXiv2000

Enhancement of the Traveling Front Speeds in Reaction-Diffusion Equations with Advection

We establish rigorous lower bounds on the speed of traveling fronts and on the bulk burning rate in reaction-diffusion equation with passive advection. The non-linearity is assumed to be of either KPP or ignition type. We consider two main classes of flows. Percolating flows, which are characterized by the presence of long tubes of streamlines mixing hot and cold material, lead to strong speed-up of burning which is linear in the amplitude of the flow, $U$. On the other hand the cellular flows, which have closed streamlines, are shown to produce weaker increase in reaction. For such flows we get a lower bound which grows as $U^{1/5}$ for a large amplitude of the flow.

math.AP↗
arXiv1999

Bulk Burning Rate in Passive - Reactive Diffusion

We consider a passive scalar that is advected by a prescribed mean zero divergence-free velocity field, diffuses, and reacts according to a KPP-type nonlinear reaction. We introduce a quantity, the bulk burning rate, that makes both mathematical and physical sense in general situations and extends the often ill-defined notion of front speed. We establish rigorous lower bounds for the bulk burning rate that are linear in the amplitude of the advecting velocity for a large class of flows. These "percolating" flows are characterized by the presence of tubes of streamlines connecting distant regions of burned and unburned material and generalize shear flows. The bound contains geometric information on the velocity streamlines and degenerates when these oscillate on scales that are finer than the width of the laminar burning region. We give also examples of very different kind of flows, cellular flows with closed streamlines, and rigorously prove that these can produce only sub-linear enhancement of the bulk burning rate.

math.AP↗
arXiv1999

Solutions, Spectrum, and Dynamica for Schrödinger Operators on Infinite Domains

Let H be a Schrödinger operator defined on an unbounded domain D in R^d with Dirichlet boundary conditions (D may equal R^d in particular). Let u(x,E) be a solution of the Schrödinger equation (H-E)u(x,E)=0, and let B_R denote a ball of radius R centered at zero. We show relations between the rate of growth of the L^2 norm \|u(x,E)\|_{L^2(B_R \cap D)} of such solutions as R goes to infinity, and continuity properties of spectral measures of the operator H. These results naturally lead to new criteria for identification of various spectral properties. We also prove new fundamental relations berween the rate of growth of L^2 norms of generalized eigenfunctions, dimensional properties of the spectral measures, and dynamical properties of the corresponding quantum systems. We apply these results to study transport properties of some particular Schrödinger operators.

math.SP↗
arXiv1997

Absolutely continuous spectrum for one-dimensional Schrödinger operators with slowly decaying potentials: some optimal results

The absolutely continuous spectrum of one-dimensional Schrödinger operators is proved to be stable under perturbation by potentials satisfying mild decay conditions. In particular, the absolutely continuous spectrum of free and periodic Schrödinger operators is preserved under all perturbations $V(x)$ satisfying $|V(x)|\leq C(1+x)^{-α}$, $α>\frac{1}{2}.$ This result is optimal in the power scale. More general classes of perturbing potentials which are not necessarily power decaying are also treated. A general criterion for stability of the absolutely continuous spectrum of one-dimensional Schrödinger operators is established. In all cases analyzed, the main term of the asymptotic behavior of the generalized eigenfunctions is shown to have WKB form for almost all energies. The proofs rely on new maximal function and norm estimates and almost everywhere convergence results for certain multilinear integral operators.

math.SP↗