arXiv subjects

Alexander Kochin

Publications and source records attributed to Alexander Kochin.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

Features of the intra-mass buoyancy

The buoyancy force is the cause of ordered vertical movements in the atmosphere, therefore, the analysis of the causes and conditions of its formation is important not only for the formation of convective clouds, but also for understanding all atmospheric transport processes. Due to the absence of rigid boundaries inside the gas, a horizontal pressure gradient in a static state cannot exist in the allocated volume. The pressure inside the allocated volume with a different density is equal to the external pressure and the intra-mass buoyancy force, according to its definition, is formally zero. The observed force of intra-mass buoyancy arises due to the difference in vertical pressure gradients in media with different densities. In this case, the buoyancy force is volumetric, and its value corresponds to generally accepted ratios.

physics.ao-ph↗

arXiv2022

The occurrence of internal gravity waves and volumetric acoustic oscillations in the atmosphere

Mesoscale wave processes are a transport mechanism for the energy exchange between the troposphere and stratosphere, since the tropopause blocks such an exchange. It is believed that internal gravity waves (IGW) are the main wave process in the atmosphere. However, the explanation of the process of IGW occurrence cannot be considered sufficiently substantiated, because the reasons for the appearance of the selected air parcel, which is affected by the initial disturbance, are not yet clear. The data of the performed experiments on the detection of wave processes shows the presence of noticeable oscillatory movements not only during the passage of fronts or other disturbances, but also in good weather. As an alternative to IGW, I consider a possible process of generating volumetric acoustic oscillations due to the formation of an acoustic resonator in the atmosphere. The probability of formation of such oscillations is high, because they do not require the presence of sharp changes in the parameters of the atmosphere to appear.

physics.ao-ph↗

arXiv2022

Comparison of measuring the cloud top height by a radiosonde with an optical sensor and an airplane

Currently, the cloud top height (CTH) is measured by remote satellite and radar methods. Radar methods detect only clouds with precipitation, so their information about the optical cloud top height has little reliability. In addition, any remote method must be monitored. The CTH is most accurately measured by aircraft methods. However, its use for measuring the height of cumulonimbus clouds is almost impossible. The paper presents the results of comparing the measurement of the CTH using a radiosonde with an optical sensor and an aircraft with a special laser locator. The measured heights differed from each other by 30 meters, which corresponds to the accuracy of the equipment used. The purpose of the work is to monitor the quality of satellite and radar methods for measuring the CTH.

physics.ao-ph↗

arXiv2022

Change in the attenuation coefficient of light at the boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere

The tropopause is the boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere, so its height determines the nature of processes in the atmosphere and depends on them. The criterion for determining the height of the tropopause is a decrease in the vertical temperature gradient in a layer above 5 km and at least 2 km thick. Consequently, the uncertainty in determining the height of the section between the troposphere and the stratosphere is 2 km or more. In addition, the temperature profile changes due to the influence of many reasons, so sometimes the height of the tropopause cannot even be determined. The optical properties of air in the troposphere and stratosphere differ, which makes it possible to measure the height of the section with high accuracy using a radiosonde with an optical sensor. The launches of radiosondes with optical sensors made it possible to measure the height of the tropopause by changing the attenuation coefficient of visible light. It turned out that the lower edge of the tropopause corresponds to a sharp change in the attenuation coefficient. The repeatability of the results was confirmed by the simultaneous launch of radiosondes. The results of the work will be useful for the tasks of weather forecasting and climate research.

physics.ao-ph↗