arXiv subjects

Alexander Pukhov

Publications and source records attributed to Alexander Pukhov.

106 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

arXiv2010

Tools for Dark Matter in Particle and Astroparticle Physics

Despite several indirect confirmations of the existence of dark matter, the properties of a new dark matter particle are still largely unknown. Several experiments are currently searching for this particle underground in direct detection, in space and on earth in indirect detection and at the LHC. A confirmed signal could select a model for dark matter among the many extensions of the standard model. In this paper we present a short review of the public codes for computation of dark matter observables.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2010

Stabilized Radiation Pressure Dominated Ion Acceleration from Thin-foil Targets

We study transverse and longitudinal electron heating effects on the target stability and the ion spectra in the radiation pressure dominated regime of ion acceleration by means of multi dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. Efficient ion acceleration occurs when the longitudinal electron temperature is kept as low as possible. However, tailoring of the transverse electron temperature is required in view of suppressing the transverse instability, which can keep the target structure intact for longer duration during the acceleration stage. We suggest using the surface erosion of the target to increase the transverse temperature, which improves both the final peak energy and the spectral quality of the ions in comparison with a normal flat target.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2010

A proposed experiment on the proton driven plasma wakefield acceleration

Simulations have shown that a high energy, short and intense proton beam can drive a large amplitude plasma wave and accelerate an electron beam to the energy frontier in a single plasma channel. To verify this novel idea, a proof-of-principle demonstration experiment is now being planned. The idea is to use the available high energy proton beams either from the Proton Synchrotron (PS) or the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN, to shoot the beam into a plasma cell and to excite the plasma wakefield. A strong density modulation due to the excited plasma wakefield is produced for a long drive beam and this modulated beam in turn produces a high electric field. The proposed experimental setup is introduced in this paper. The interactions between the plasma and the proton beam are simulated and the results are presented. The compression of an SPS bunch is also discussed.

physics.acc-ph↗

arXiv2010

Self-modulation instability of a long proton bunch in plasmas

An analytical model for the self-modulation instability of a long relativistic proton bunch propagating in uniform plasmas is developed. The self-modulated proton bunch resonantly excites a large amplitude plasma wave (wake field), which can be used for acceleration of plasma electrons. Analytical expressions for the linear growth rate and the number of exponentiations are given. We use the full three-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations to study the beam self-modulation and the transition to the nonlinear stage. It is shown that the self-modulation of the proton bunch competes with the hosing instability which tends to destroy the plasma wave. A method is proposed and studied through PIC simulations to circumvent this problem which relies on the seeding of the self-modulation instability in the bunch.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2009

CalcHEP 2.3: MSSM, structure functions, event generation, batchs, and generation of matrix elements for other packages

CalcHEP is a package for computation of Feynman diagrams and integration over multi-particle phase space. The main idea prescribed into CalcHEP is to make available passing on from Lagrangians to the final distributions effectively with a high level of automation. This article presents new options of CalcHEP available in version 2.3. They are a) MSSM model with different SUGRA scenarios, b) interface with PDFLIB and implementation of new MRST/CTEQ structure functions, c) realization of approach to structure functions for models with diagonal CKM, d) generation of events and interface with PYTHIA, e) calculations in non-interactive (batch) regime, f)generation of code of different matrix elements for other programs, g) many new interface facilities.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2009

Radiation reaction effects on ion acceleration in laser foil interaction

Radiation reaction effects on ion acceleration in laser foil interaction are investigated via analytical modeling and multi-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. We find the radiation effects are important in the area where some electrons move backwards due to static charge separation field at the laser intensity of 1022 W=cm2. Radiation reaction tends to impede these backwards motion. In the optical transparency region ion acceleration is enhanced when the radiation effects are considered.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2009

Target shape effects on monoenergetic GeV proton acceleration

When a circularly polarized laser pulse interacts with a foil target, there are three stages: pre-hole-boring, hole-boring and the light sail acceleration. We study the electron and ion dynamics in the first stage and find the minimum foil thickness requirement for a given laser intensity. Based on this analysis, we propose to use a shaped foil for ion acceleration, whose thickness varies transversely to match the laser intensity. Then, the target evolves into three regions: the acceleration, transparency and deformation regions. In the acceleration region, the target can be uniformly accelerated producing a mono-energetic and spatially collimated ion beam. Detailed numerical simulations are performed to check the feasibility and robustness of this scheme, such as the influence of shape factors and surface roughness. A GeV mono-energetic proton beam is observed in the three dimensional particle-in-cell simulations when a laser pulse with the focus intensity of 1022W=cm2 is used. The energy conversion efficiency of laser pulse to accelerated proton beam is more than 23%. Synchrotron radiation and damping effects are also checked in the interaction.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2008

Three dimensional filamentary structures of a relativistic electron beam in Fast Ignition plasmas

The filamentary structures and associated electromagnetic fields of a relativistic electron beam have been studied by three dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations in the context of Fast Ignition fusion. The simulations explicitly include collisions in return plasma current and distinctly examine the effects of beam temperature and collisions on the growth of filamentary structures generated.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2008

On collisions driven negative energy waves and Weibel instability of a relativistic electron beam in a quasi-neutral plasma

A new quasi-neutral model describing the Weibel instability of a high-current relativistic beam propagating through a resistive plasma is developed. It treats beam electrons as kinetic particles, and ambient plasma as a non-relativistic fluid. For a finite-temperature beam, a new class of negative energy magneto-sound waves is identified, which can possess negative energy. Their growth due to collisional dissipation in the cold return current destabilizes the beam-plasma system even for high beam temperatures. We perform detailed two- and three-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of the thermal beam and collisional plasma. It is shown that in three dimensions, the Weibel instability persists even for physically collisionless background plasma. The anomalous plasma resistivity is then caused by the two-stream instability.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2008

Ultrashort Focused Electromagnetic Pulses

In this article we present a closed analytical description for few-cycle, focused electromagnetic pulses of arbitrary duration and carrier-envelope-phase (CEP). Because of the vectorial character of light, not all thinkable one-dimensional (1D) shapes for the transverse electric field or vector potential can be realized as finite energy three-dimensional (3D) structures. We cope with this problem by using a second potential, which is defined as a primitive to the vector potential. This allows to construct fully consistent 3D wave-packet solutions for the Maxwell equations, given a solution of the scalar wave equation. The wave equation is solved for ultrashort, Gaussian and related pulses in paraxial approximation. The solution is given in a closed and numerically convenient form, based on the complex error function. All results undergo thorough numerical testing, validating their correctness and accuracy. A reliable and accurate representation of few-cycle pulses is e.g. crucial for analytical and numerical theory of vacuum particle acceleration.

physics.class-ph↗

arXiv2008

Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration

Plasma wakefield acceleration, either laser driven or electron-bunch driven, has been demonstrated to hold great potential. However, it is not obvious how to scale these approaches to bring particles up to the TeV regime. In this paper, we discuss the possibility of proton-bunch driven plasma wakefield acceleration, and show that high energy electron beams could potentially be produced in a single accelerating stage.

physics.acc-ph↗

arXiv2008

LHC Signatures of New Gauge Bosons in the Minimal Higgsless Model

We study the LHC signatures of new gauge bosons in the gauge-invariant minimal Higgsless model. It predicts an extra pair of W_1 and Z_1 bosons which can be as light as ~400GeV and play a key role in the delay of unitarity violation. We analyze the W_1 signals in pp --> W_0Z_0Z_0 --> jj4\ell and pp --> jj W_0Z_0 --> jj3\ellνprocesses at the LHC, including the complete electroweak and QCD backgrounds. We reveal the complementarity between these two channels for discovering the W_1 boson, and demonstrate the LHC discovery potential over the full range of allowed W_1 mass.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2007

Dirac Neutrino Dark Matter

We investigate the possibility that dark matter is made of heavy Dirac neutrinos with mass in the range [O(1) GeV- a few TeV] and with suppressed but non-zero coupling to the Standard Model Z as well as a coupling to an additional Z' gauge boson. The first part of this paper provides a model-independent analysis for the relic density and direct detection in terms of four main parameters: the mass, the couplings to the Z, to the Z' and to the Higgs. These WIMP candidates arise naturally as Kaluza-Klein states in extra-dimensional models with extended electroweak gauge group SU(2)_L* SU(2)_R * U(1). They can be stable because of Kaluza-Klein parity or of other discrete symmetries related to baryon number for instance, or even, in the low mass and low coupling limits, just because of a phase-space-suppressed decay width. An interesting aspect of warped models is that the extra Z' typically couples only to the third generation, thus avoiding the usual experimental constraints. In the second part of the paper, we illustrate the situation in details in a warped GUT model.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2007

New class of self-similar solutions for vacuum plasma expansion admitting mono-energetic ion spectra

We report a new class of self-similar solutions for plasma expanding into vacuum that allows for quasi-monoenergetic ion spectra. A simple analytical model takes into account externally controlled time-dependent temperature of the hot electrons. When the laser temporal profile is tailored properly, the quasi-neutral self-similar expansion of the plasma results in ion concentration in the phase-space at a particular velocity thus producing a quasi-monoenergetic spectrum. We prove this analytical prediction using a 1D partice-in-cell (PIC) simulation where the time-dependent plasma temperature is controlled by two laser pulses shot at a foil at a suitable time delay.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2005

Leptoquark Single and Pair production at LHC with CalcHEP/CompHEP in the complete model

We study combined leptoquark (LQ) single and pair production at LHC at the level of detector simulation. A set of kinematical cuts has been worked out to maximize significance for combined signal events. It was shown that combination of signatures from LQ single and pair production not only significantly increases the LHC reach, but also allows us to give the correct signal interpretation. In particular, it was found that the LHC has potential to discover LQ with a mass up to 1.2 TeV and 1.5 TeV for the case of scalar and vector LQ, respectively, and LQ single production contributes 30-50% to the total signal rate for LQ-l-q coupling, taken equal to the electromagnetic coupling. This work is based on implementation of the most general form of scalar and vector LQ interactions with quarks and gluons into CalcHEP/CompHEP packages. This implementation, which authors made publicly available, was one the most important aspects of the study.

hep-ph↗

arXiv1994

Leptoquark Pair Production at $ep$ Colliders

The pair production cross section for scalar and vector leptoquarks at $ep$ colliders is calculated for the case of photon--gluon fusion. In a model independent analysis we consider the most general $C$ and $P$ conserving couplings of gluons and photons to both scalar and vector leptoquarks described by an effective low--energy Lagangian which obeys $U(1)_{em} \times SU(3)_c$ invariance. Numerical predictions are given for the kinematical regime at HERA and LEP~$\otimes$~LHC.

hep-ph↗