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Alexander Varchenko

Publications and source records attributed to Alexander Varchenko.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
arXiv2020

An invariant subbundle of the KZ connection mod $p$ and reducibility of $\hat{sl}_2$ Verma modules mod $p$

We consider the KZ differential equations over $\mathbb C$ in the case, when its multidimensional hypergeometric solutions are one-dimensional integrals. We also consider the same differential equations over a finite field $\mathbb F_p$. We study the space of polynomial solutions of these differential equations over $\mathbb F_p$, constructed in a previous work by V. Schechtman and the author. The module of these polynomial solutions defines an invariant subbundle of the associated KZ connection modulo $p$. We describe the algebraic equations for that subbundle and argue that the equations correspond to highest weight vectors of the associated $\hat{sl}_2$ Verma modules over the field $\mathbb F_p$.

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arXiv2019

Positive Populations

A positive structure on the varieties of critical points of master functions for KZ equations is introduced. It comes as a combination of the ideas from classical works by G.Lusztig and a previous work by E.Mukhin and the second named author.

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arXiv2019

Three-Dimensional Mirror Self-Symmetry of the Cotangent Bundle of the Full Flag Variety

Let $X$ be a holomorphic symplectic variety with a torus $\mathsf{T}$ action and a finite fixed point set of cardinality $k$. We assume that elliptic stable envelope exists for $X$. Let $A_{I,J}= \operatorname{Stab}(J)|_{I}$ be the $k\times k$ matrix of restrictions of the elliptic stable envelopes of $X$ to the fixed points. The entries of this matrix are theta-functions of two groups of variables: the Kähler parameters and equivariant parameters of $X$. We say that two such varieties $X$ and $X'$ are related by the 3d mirror symmetry if the fixed point sets of $X$ and $X'$ have the same cardinality and can be identified so that the restriction matrix of $X$ becomes equal to the restriction matrix of $X'$ after transposition and interchanging the equivariant and Kähler parameters of $X$, respectively, with the Kähler and equivariant parameters of $X'$. The first examples of pairs of 3d symmetric varieties were constructed in [Rimányi R., Smirnov A., Varchenko A., Zhou Z., arXiv:1902.03677], where the cotangent bundle $T^*\operatorname{Gr}(k,n)$ to a Grassmannian is proved to be a 3d mirror to a Nakajima quiver variety of $A_{n-1}$-type. In this paper we prove that the cotangent bundle of the full flag variety is 3d mirror self-symmetric. That statement in particular leads to nontrivial theta-function identities.

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arXiv2019

Twisted de Rham Complex on Line and Singular Vectors in $\hat{{\mathfrak{sl}_2}}$ Verma Modules

We consider two complexes. The first complex is the twisted de Rham complex of scalar meromorphic differential forms on projective line, holomorphic on the complement to a finite set of points. The second complex is the chain complex of the Lie algebra of $\mathfrak{sl}_2$-valued algebraic functions on the same complement, with coefficients in a tensor product of contragradient Verma modules over the affine Lie algebra $\hat{{\mathfrak{sl}_2}}$. In [Schechtman V., Varchenko A., Mosc. Math. J. 17 (2017), 787-802] a construction of a monomorphism of the first complex to the second was suggested and it was indicated that under this monomorphism the existence of singular vectors in the Verma modules (the Malikov-Feigin-Fuchs singular vectors) is reflected in the relations between the cohomology classes of the de Rham complex. In this paper we prove these results.

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arXiv2019

Incarnations of XXX $\widehat{\frak{sl}_N}$ Bethe ansatz equations and integrable hierarchies

We consider the space of solutions of the Bethe ansatz equations of the $\widehat{\frak{sl}_N}$ XXX quantum integrable model, associated with the trivial representation of $\widehat{\frak{sl}_N}$. We construct a family of commuting flows on this space and identify the flows with the flows of coherent rational Ruijesenaars-Schneider systems. For that we develop in full generality the spectral transform for the rational Ruijesenaars-Schneider system.

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arXiv2019

Equivariant quantum differential equation, Stokes bases, and K-theory for a projective space

We consider the equivariant quantum differential equation for the projective space $P^{n-1}$. We prove an equivariant gamma theorem for $P^{n-1}$, which describes the asymptotics of the differential equation at its regular singular point in terms of the equivariant characteristic gamma class of the tangent bundle of $P^{n-1}$. We describe the Stokes bases of the differential equation at its irregular singular point in terms of the exceptional bases of the equivariant K-theory algebra of $P^{n-1}$ and a suitable braid group action on the set of exceptional bases. Our results are an equivariant version of the well-know results of B. Dubrovin and D. Guzzetti.

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arXiv2018

Elliptic Dynamical Quantum Groups and Equivariant Elliptic Cohomology

We define an elliptic version of the stable envelope of Maulik and Okounkov for the equivariant elliptic cohomology of cotangent bundles of Grassmannians. It is a version of the construction proposed by Aganagic and Okounkov and is based on weight functions and shuffle products. We construct an action of the dynamical elliptic quantum group associated with $\mathfrak{gl}_2$ on the equivariant elliptic cohomology of the union of cotangent bundles of Grassmannians. The generators of the elliptic quantum groups act as difference operators on sections of admissible bundles, a notion introduced in this paper.

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arXiv2018

Critical points of master functions and mKdV hierarchy of type $C^{(1)}_{n}$

We consider the population of critical points, generated from the critical point of the master function with no variables, which is associated with the trivial representation of the twisted affine Lie algebra $C_n^{(1)}$. The population is naturally partitioned into an infinite collection of complex cells $\mathbb C^m$, where $m$ are positive integers. For each cell we define an injective rational map $\mathbb C^m \to \mathcal M(C_n^{(1)})$ of the cell to the space $\mathcal M(C_n^{(1)})$ of Miura opers of type $C_n^{(1)}$. We show that the image of the map is invariant with respect to all mKdV flows on $\mathcal M(C_n^{(1)})$ and the image is point-wise fixed by all mKdV flows $\frac{\partial}{\partial t_r}$ with index $r$ greater than $2m$.

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arXiv2018

Dynamical elliptic Bethe algebra, KZB eigenfunctions, and theta-polynomials

Let $(\otimes_{j=1}^nV_j)[0]$ be the zero weight subspace of a tensor product of finite-dimensional irreducible $\frak{sl}_2$-modules. The dynamical elliptic Bethe algebra is a commutative algebra of differential operators acting on $(\otimes_{j=1}^nV_j)[0]$-valued functions on the Cartan subalgebra of $\frak{sl}_2$. The algebra is generated by values of the coefficient $S_2(x)$ of a certain differential operator $D=(d/dx)^2+S_2(x)$, defined to V. Rubtsov, A. Silantyev, D. Talalaev in 2009. We express $S_2(x)$ in terms of the KZB operators introduced by G. Felder and C. Wieszerkowski in 1994. We study the eigenfunctions of the dynamical elliptic Bethe algebra by the Bethe ansatz method. Under certain assumptions we show that such Bethe eigenfunctions are in one-to-one correspondence with ordered pairs of theta-polynomials of certain degree. The correspondence between Bethe eigenfunctions and two-dimensional spaces, generated by the two theta-polynomials, is an analog of the non-dynamical non-elliptic correspondence between the eigenvectors of the $\frak{gl}_2$ Gaudin model and the two-dimensional subspaces of the vector space $\Bbb C[x]$, due to E. Mukhin, V. Tarasov, A. Varchenko. We obtain a counting result for, equivalently, certain solutions of the Bethe ansatz equation, certain fibers of the elliptic Wronski map, or ratios of theta polynomials, whose derivative is of a certain form. We give an asymptotic expansion for Bethe eigenfunctions in a certain limit, and deduce from that that the Weyl involution acting on Bethe eigenfunctions coincides with the action of an analytic involution given by the transposition of theta-polynomials in the associated ordered pair.

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arXiv2018

$q$-Hypergeometric solutions of quantum differential equations, quantum Pieri rules, and Gamma theorem

We describe \,$q$-hypergeometric solutions of the equivariant quantum differential equations and associated qKZ difference equations for the cotangent bundle $T^*F_λ$ of a partial flag variety \,$F_λ$\,. These \,$q$-hypergeometric solutions manifest a Landau-Ginzburg mirror symmetry for the cotangent bundle. We formulate and prove Pieri rules for quantum equivariant cohomology of the cotangent bundle. Our Gamma theorem for \,$T^*F_λ$ \,says that the leading term of the asymptotics of the \,$q$-hypergeometric solutions can be written as the equivariant Gamma class of the tangent bundle of $T^*F_λ$ multiplied by the exponentials of the equivariant first Chern classes of the associated vector bundles. That statement is analogous to the statement of the gamma conjecture by B.\,Dubrovin and by S.\,Galkin, V.\,Golyshev, and H.\,Iritani, see also the Gamma theorem for \,$F_λ$ \,in Appendix B.

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arXiv2018

Critical points of master functions and integrable hierarchies

We consider the population of critical points generated from the trivial critical point of the master function with no variables and associated with the trivial representation of the affine Lie algebra $\hat{\frak{sl}}_N$. We show that the critical points of this population define rational solutions of the equations of the mKdV hierarchy associated with $\hat{\frak{sl}}_N$. We also construct critical points from suitable $N$-tuples of tau-functions. The construction is based on a Wronskian identity for tau-functions. In particular, we construct critical points from suitable $N$-tuples of Schur polynomials and prove a Wronskian identity for Schur polynomials.

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arXiv2018

Hyperelliptic integrals modulo $p$ and Cartier-Manin matrices

The hypergeometric solutions of the KZ equations were constructed almost 30 years ago. The polynomial solutions of the KZ equations over the finite field $F_p$ with a prime number $p$ of elements were constructed recently. In this paper we consider the example of the KZ equations whose hypergeometric solutions are given by hyperelliptic integrals of genus $g$. It is known that in this case the total $2g$-dimensional space of holomorphic solutions is given by the hyperelliptic integrals. We show that the recent construction of the polynomial solutions over the field $F_p$ in this case gives only a $g$-dimensional space of solutions, that is, a "half" of what the complex analytic construction gives. We also show that all the constructed polynomial solutions over the field $F_p$ can be obtained by reduction modulo $p$ of a single distinguished hypergeometric solution. The corresponding formulas involve the entries of the Cartier-Manin matrix of the hyperelliptic curve. That situation is analogous to the example of the elliptic integral considered in the classical Y.I. Manin's paper in 1961.

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arXiv2018

Remarks on the Gaudin model modulo $p$

We discuss the Bethe ansatz in the Gaudin model on the tensor product of finite-dimensional $sl_2$-modules over the field $F_p$ with $p$ elements, where $p$ is a prime number. We define the Bethe ansatz equations and show that if $(t^0_1,\dots,t^0_k)$ is a solution of the Bethe ansatz equations, then the corresponding Bethe vector is an eigenvector of the Gaudin Hamiltonians. We characterize solutions $(t^0_1,\dots,t^0_k)$ of the Bethe ansatz equations as certain two-dimensional subspaces of the space of polynomials $F_p[x]$. We consider the case when the number of parameters $k$ equals 1. In that case we show that the Bethe algebra, generated by the Gaudin Hamiltonians, is isomorphic to the algebra of functions on the scheme defined by the Bethe ansatz equation. If $k=1$ and in addition the tensor product is the product of vector representations, then the Bethe algebra is also isomorphic to the algebra of functions on the fiber of a suitable Wronski map.

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arXiv2017

Potentials of a Frobenius like structure

This paper proves the existence of potentials of the first and second kind of a Frobenius like structure in a frame which encompasses families of arrangements. The frame uses the notion of matroids. For the proof of the existence of the potentials, a power series ansatz is made. The proof that it works requires that certain decompositions of tuples of coordinate vector fields are related by certain elementary transformations. This is shown with a nontrivial result on matroid partition.

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arXiv2017

Solutions modulo $p$ of Gauss-Manin differential equations for multidimensional hypergeometric integrals and associated Bethe ansatz

We consider the Gauss-Manin differential equations for hypergeometric integrals associated with a family of weighted arrangements of hyperplanes moving parallelly to themselves. We reduce these equations modulo a prime integer $p$ and construct polynomial solutions of the new differential equations as $p$-analogs of the initial hypergeometric integrals. In some cases we interpret the $p$-analogs of the hypergeometric integrals as sums over points of hypersurfaces defined over the finite field $F_p$. That interpretation is similar to the interpretation by Yu.I. Manin in [Ma] of the number of point on an elliptic curve depending on a parameter as a solution of a classical hypergeometric differential equation. We discuss the associated Bethe ansatz.

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arXiv2017

Affine Macdonald conjectures and special values of Felder-Varchenko functions

We refine the statement of the denominator and evaluation conjectures for affine Macdonald polynomials proposed by Etingof-Kirillov Jr. and prove the first non-trivial cases of these conjectures. Our results provide a q-deformation of the computation of genus 1 conformal blocks via elliptic Selberg integrals by Felder-Stevens-Varchenko. They allow us to give precise formulations for the affine Macdonald conjectures in the general case which are consistent with computer computations. Our method applies recent work of the second named author to relate these conjectures in the case of $U_q(\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}_2)$ to evaluations of certain theta hypergeometric integrals defined by Felder-Varchenko. We then evaluate the resulting integrals, which may be of independent interest, by well-chosen applications of the elliptic beta integral introduced by Spiridonov.

math.RT↗
arXiv2017

Rational differential forms on line and singular vectors in Verma modules over $\widehat {sl}_2$

We construct a monomorphism of the De Rham complex of scalar multivalued meromorphic forms on the projective line, holomorphic on the complement to a finite set of points, to the chain complex of the Lie algebra of $sl_2$-valued algebraic functions on the same complement with coefficients in a tensor product of contragradient Verma modules over the affine Lie algebra $\hat{sl}_2$. We show that the existence of singular vectors in the Verma modules (the Malikov-Feigin-Fuchs singular vectors) is reflected in the new relations between the cohomology classes of logarithmic differential forms.

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