arXiv subjects

Alexei Ternov

Publications and source records attributed to Alexei Ternov.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Spin Light of neutrino in polarized matter

The Spin Light of neutrino ($SL\nu$) is an electromagnetic radiation of the neutrino magnetic moment emitted when neutrino moves in external conditions (fields or matter). The effect can be of significance in the extremely dense matter of compact astrophysical objects such as neutron stars (NS). If detected, this radiation could provide a fair opportunity to study the properties of neutrinos and the medium through which they move, since the properties of the radiation depend on both. Motivated by the possibility of the nuclear matter spin-polarization, in this paper, we study the new properties to $SL\nu$ obtained under the influence of net matter polarization. We demonstrate that the polarization can enhance or completely suppress the radiation. Also, it introduces a characteristic asymmetry into the total radiation from the compact object, which could be an observable feature dependent on the matter polarization and the magnetic field inside the stellar (if the field is connected to the stellar matter polarization). The research may have implications for the physics of NS and magnetars, bringing us closer to the possibility of studying their internal structure.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2023

Neutrino propagation in moving and polarized matter

The rapid development of neutrino astronomy, which is expressed, among other things, in the emergence of new neutrino mega-projects capable of efficient registering astrophysical neutrino fluxes requires a detailed knowledge of neutrino evolution inside neutrino sources (type II supernovae, gamma-ray bursts). This evolution can be influenced by many factors, each should be accounted for by a relevant theory. In this work, we develop the theory of neutrino propagation in moving and/or polarized matter by introducing for the first time an exact spin integral of motion. This enables us to obtain the neutrino dispersion under these conditions and resolve it for most important cases. Our approach opens up the possibility to consistently classify neutrino states in moving and/or polarized medium and, as a consequence, to give a systematic description of the related physical phenomena (e.g., neutrino oscillations, neutrino electromagnetic radiation).

hep-ph↗

arXiv2018

On possible application of spin light of neutrino in astrophysics

The $ spin $ $ light$ $ of $ $neutrino $ ($SLν$) is a phenomenon of electromagnetic radiation by a massive neutrino moving in external media that is originated owing to neutrino magnetic moment. In this short paper we note on the importance of this effect in the light of its connection with the neutrino magnetic moment, recap its basic properties in dense matter and give some general criteria for its best efficiency in nature. On this basis we propose a set of possible astrophysical environments where the $SLν$ can be manifested in principle.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2017

Spin light of neutrino in astrophysical environments

The ${\it {spin \ \ light \ \ of \ \ neutrino}}$ ($SLν$) is a new possible mechanism of electromagnetic radiation by a massive neutrino (with a nonzero magnetic moment) moving in media. Since the prediction of this mechanism, the question has been debated in a number of publications as whether the effect can be of any significance for realistic astrophysical conditions. Although this effect is strongly suppressed due to smallness of neutrino magnetic moment, for ultra-high energy neutrinos (PeV neutrinos recently observed by the IceCube collaboration, for instance) the $SLν$ might be of interest in the case of neutrinos propagating in dense matter. An advanced view on the $SLν$ in matter is given, and several astrophysical settings (a neutron star, supernova, Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB), and relic neutrino background) for which the effect can be realized are considered. Taking into account the threshold condition and also several competing processes, we determine conditions for which the $SLν$ mechanism is possible. We conclude that the most favorable case of the effect manifestation is provided by ultra dense matter of neutron stars and ultrahigh energy of the radiating neutrino, and note that these conditions can be met within galaxy clusters. It is also shown that due to the $SLν$ specific polarization properties this electromagnetic mechanism is of interest in the connection with the observed polarization of GRB emission.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2010

Spin light in neutrino transition between different mass states

The spin light of neutrino is considered in the process of a neutrino radiative transition between two different mass states in presence of medium. By this study we investigate the influence of background matter on the initial and final neutrino states in the process of massive Dirac neutrino decay due to the non-zero transition magnetic moment. We derive corresponding corrections to the total width of the process over the matter density in most important for applications cases.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2008

Dirac and Majorana neutrinos in matter

We consider the matter effects on neutrinos moving in background on the basis of the corresponding quantum wave equations. Both Dirac and Majorana neutrino cases are discussed. The effects for Dirac neutrino reflection and trapping as well as neutrino-antineutrino annihilation and $ν\overlineν$ pair creation in matter at the interface between two media with different densities are considered. The spin light of neutrino in matter is also discussed.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2006

Spin light of electron in dense matter

We derive the modified Dirac equation for an electron undergos an influence of the standard model interaction with the nuclear matter. The exact solutions for this equation and the electron energy spectrum in matter are obtained. This establishes a rather powerful method for investigation of different processes that can appear when electrons propagate in background matter. On this basis we study in detail the spin light of electron in nuclear matter, a new type of electromagnetic radiation which can be emitted by an electron moving in dense matter.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2006

Spin light of electron in matter

We further generalize the powerful method, which we have recently developed for description of the background matter influence on neutrinos, for the case of an electron moving in matter. On the basis of the modified Dirac equation for the electron, accounting for the standard model interaction with particles of the background, we predict and investigate in some detail a new mechanism of the electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by moving in matter electron due to its magnetic moment. We have termed this radiation the ``spin light of electron" in matter and predicted that this radiation can have consequences accessible for experimental observations in astrophysical and cosmological settings.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2006

Spin light of neutrino in matter: a new type of electromagnetic radiation

A short review of the properties of the spin light of neutrino ($SLν$) in matter, supplied with some historical notes on the discussed subject, is given. It is shown that consideration of the $SLν$ in matter in hep-ph/0605114 is based on erroneous calculations which ignore the fact that the energy-momentum conservation law can not be violated for this process. An attempt to rename the $SLν$ in matter, undertaken in hep-ph/0606262, is groundless.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2006

Reply to hep-ph/0605114

The claim of preprint hep-ph/0605114 that there is "no neutrino spin light because of photon dispersion in medium" is wrong.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2005

Spin Light of Neutrino in Dense Matter

We develop the quantum theory of the spin light of neutrino ($SLν$) exactly accounting for the effect of background matter. Contrary to the already performed studies of the $SLν$, in this paper we derive explicit and closed expressions for the $SLν$ rate and power and for the emitted photon energy, which are valid for an arbitrary matter density (including very high values). The spatial distribution of the radiation power and the dependence of the emitted photon energy on the direction of radiation are also studied in detail for the first time. We analyze the $SLν$ polarization properties and show that within a wide range of neutrino momenta and matter densities the $SLν$ radiation is circularly polarized. Conditions for effective $SLν$ photon propagation in the electron plasma are discussed. It is also shown that in dense matter the average energy of the emitted photon can reach values in the range from one third of the neutrino momentum up to one half of the neutrino energy in matter. The main features of the studied radiation are summarized, and possibilities for the $SLν$ production during different astrophysical and cosmology processes are discussed.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2005

Generalized Dirac-Pauli equation and spin light of neutrino in magnetized matter

We consider propagation of a massive neutrino in matter within the quantum approach based on the two equations for the neutrino field: the first one is the Dirac-Pauli equation for a massive neutrino in an external magnetic field generalized on the inclusion of effects of the background matter; the second one is the modified Dirac equation derived directly from the neutrino-matter interaction Lagrangian. On the basis of these two equations the quantum theory of a neutrino moving in the background matter is developed (the exact solutions of these equations are found and classified over the neutrino spin states, the corresponding energy spectra are also derived). Using these solutions we study within the quantum approach the spin light of neutrino ($SLν$) in matter with the effect of a longitudinal magnetic field being also incorporated. In particular, the $SLν$ radiation rate and total power are derived. The use of the generalized Dirac-Pauli equation also enables us to consider the $SLν$ in matter polarized under the influence of strong magnetic field.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2004

Neutrino quantum states and spin light in matter

On the basis of the exact solutions of the modified Dirac equation for a massive neutrino moving in matter we develop the quantum theory of the spin light of neutrino ($SLν$). The expression for the emitted photon energy is derived as a function of the density of matter for different matter compositions. The dependence of the photon energy on the helicities of the initial and final neutrino states is shown explicitly. The rate and radiation power of the $SLν$ in matter are obtained with the emitted photon linear and circular polarizations being accounted for. The developed quantum approach to the $SLν$ in matter (which is similar to the Furry representation of electrodynamics) can be used in the studies of other processes with neutrinos in the presence of matter

hep-ph↗

arXiv2004

Generalized Dirac-Pauli equation and neutrino quantum states in matter

Starting with the Dirac-Pauli equation for a massive neutrino in an external magnetic field, we propose a new quantum equation for a neutrino in the presence of the background matter. On this basis the quantum theory of a neutrino moving in the background matter is developed: i) for the particular case of the matter with a constant density the exact solutions of this new equation are found and classified over the neutrino spin states, ii) the corresponding energy spectrum is also derived accounting for the neutrino helicity. Using these solutions we develop the quantum theory of the spin light of neutrino ($SLν$) in the matter. The $SLν$ radiation rate and total power are derived for different linear and circular polarizations of the emitted photons. Within the solid base of the developed quantum approach, the existence of the neutrino self-polarization effect in the matter is also shown.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2004

Neutrino quantum states in matter

We propose a modified Dirac equation for a massive neutrino moving in the presence of the background matter. The effects of the charged and neutral-current interactions with the matter as well as the matter motion and polarization are accounted for. In the particular case of the matter with a constant density the exact solutions of this equation are found, the neutrino energy spectrum in the matter is also determined. On this basis the effects of the neutrino trapping and reflection, the neutrino-antineutrino pair annihilation and creation in a medium are studied. The quantum theory of the spin light of neutrino in matter ($SLν$) is also developed.

hep-ph↗