arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Alexey A. Petrov.
We examine annihilation of light bosonic Dark Matter into pair of photons in model-independent way. We consider the simplest generic Lagrangian describing such process and then compare results to the available experimental data. Then we match our results with particular Dark matter models and determine possible constrains onto parameter space of those models.
We present a calculation of $1/m_b^2$ corrections to the lifetime differences of $B_s$ mesons in the heavy-quark expansion. We find that they are small to significantly affect $ΔΓ$ $(B_s)$ and present the result for lifetime difference including non-perturbative $1/m_b$ and $1/m_b^2$ corrections. We also analyze the generic $ΔB$ = 1 New Physics contributions to the lifetime difference of $B_s$ mesons and provide several examples
We consider accretion of matter onto a low mass black hole surrounded by ionized medium. We show that, because of higher mobility of protons than electrons, the black hole would acquire positive electric charge. If the black hole's mass is about or below $10^{20}$ g, the electric field at the horizon can reach the critical value which leads to vacuum instability and electron--positron pair production by the Schwinger mechanism. Since the positrons are ejected by the emergent electric field, while electrons are back--captured, the black hole operates as an antimatter factory which effectively converts protons into positrons.
We point out how, in certain models, the same combination of New Physics couplings occur in the amplitudes for both D0-anti-D0 mixing and the rare decays D0 -> l+l-. If the New Physics dominates and is responsible for the observed mixing, then a very simple correlation exists between the magnitudes of each; in fact the rates for the decay D0 -> l+l- are completely fixed by the mixing. Observation of D0 -> l+l- in excess of the Standard Model prediction could identify New Physics contributions to D0-anti-D0 mixing.
In principle particle spins can be measured from their production cross sections once their mass is approximately known. The method works in practice because spins are quantized and cross sections depend strongly on spins. It can be used to determine, for example, the spin of the top quark. Direct application of this method to supersymmetric theories will have to overcome the challenge of measuring mass at the LHC, which could require high statistics. In this article, we propose a method of measuring the spins of the colored superpatners by combining rate information for several channels and a set of kinematical variables, without directly measuring their masses. We argue that such a method could lead to an early determination of the spin of gluino and squarks. This method can be applied to the measurement of spin of other new physics particles and more general scenarios.
We re-examine constraints from the recent evidence for observation of the lifetime difference in D^0 - \bar{D}^0 mixing on the parameters of supersymmetric models with R-parity violation (RPV). We find that RPV SUSY can give large negative contribution to the lifetime difference. We also discuss the importance of the choice of weak or mass basis when placing the constraints on RPV-violating couplings from flavor mixing experiments.
We provide a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis of possible New Physics contributions to the mass difference $ΔM_D$ in $D^0$-${\bar D}^0$ mixing. We consider the most general low energy effective Hamiltonian and include leading order QCD running of effective operators. We then explore an extensive list of possible New Physics models that can generate these operators, which we organize as including Extra Fermions, Extra Gauge Bosons, Extra Scalars, Extra Space Dimensions and Extra Symmetries. For each model we place restrictions on the allowed parameter space using the recent evidence for observation of $D$ meson mixing. In many scenarios, we find strong constraints that surpass those from other search techniques and provide an important test of flavor changing neutral currents in the up-quark sector. We also review the recent BaBar and Belle findings, and describe the current status of the Standard Model predictions of $D^0$-${\bar D}^0$ mixing.
We present a calculation of 1/m^2_b corrections to the lifetime differences of B_s mesons ΔΓ_s in the heavy-quark expansion. We find that they are small to significantly affect ΔΓ_s and present the result for lifetime difference including non-perturbative 1/m_b and 1/m_b^2 corrections. We also analyze the generic ΔB = 1 New Physics contributions to ΔΓ_s and provide several examples.
The first general analysis of New Physics contributions to the D0-anti-D0 lifetime difference (equivalently Delta Gamma_D} is presented. The extent to which New Physics (NP) contributions to |Delta C|=1 processes can produce effects in Delta Gamma_D, even if such NP contributions are undetectable in the current round of D0 decay experiments, is studied. New Physics models which do and do not dominate the lifetime difference in the flavor SU(3) limit are identified. Specific examples are provided.
We consider the implications from the possibility that the recently observed state X(3872) is a meson-antimeson molecule. We write an effective Lagrangian consistent with the heavy-quark and chiral symmetries needed to describe X(3872). We explore the consequences of the assumption that X(3872) is a molecular bound state of D^{*0} and anti-D^0 mesons for the existence of bound states in the D^0-anti-D^0 and D^{*0}-anti-D^{*0}.
We analyze the lepton sector of a Left-Right Model based on the gauge group SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x U(1), concentrating mainly on neutrino properties. Using the seesaw mechanism and a horizontal symmetry, we keep the right-handed symmetry breaking scale relatively low, while simultaneously satisfying phenomenological constraints on the light neutrino masses. We take the right-handed scale to be of order 10's of TeV and perform a full numerical analysis of the model's parameter space, subject to experimental constraints on neutrino masses and mixings. The numerical procedure yields results for the right-handed neutrino masses and mixings and the various CP-violating phases. We also discuss phenomenological applications of the model to neutrinoless double beta decay, lepton-flavor-violating decays (including decays such as τ\to 3μ) and leptogenesis.
We consider the implications from the possibility that the recently observed state X(3872) is a meson-antimeson molecule. We write an effective Lagrangian consistent with the heavy-quark and chiral symmetries needed to describe X(3872). We claim that if X(3872) is a molecular bound state of D^*0 and anti-D^0 mesons, the heavy-quark symmetry requires the existence of the molecular bound state X_b of B^*0 and anti-B^0 with the mass of 10604 MeV.
We study the Standard Model short-distance prediction for the mass and lifetime differences between the two neutral D meson mass eigenstates. We find that, despite α_s/4πsuppression, next-to-leading order (NLO) short-distance QCD corrections exceed the corresponding leading order (LO) amplitudes. For the lifetime difference, this stems from the lifting of helicity suppression of a light-quark intermediate state. We find y_D is given by y_NLO to a reasonable approximation but x_D is greatly affected by destructive interference between x_LO and x_NLO. The net effect is to render y_D ~ x_D ~ 6 x 10^{-7}. Our NLO short-distance results, still smaller than most long-distance estimates, depend on the same two nonperturbative matrix elements of four-quark operators as in leading order.
We explore the Higgs sector of the Minimal Left-Right (LR) Model based on the gauge group SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x U(1)_{B-L} with explicit CP violation in the Higgs potential. Since flavour-changing neutral current experiments and the small scale of neutrino masses both place stringent constraints on the Higgs potential, we seek to determine whether minima of the Higgs potential exist that are consistent with current experimental bounds. We focus on the case in which the right-handed symmetry-breaking scale is only ``moderately'' large, of order 15-50 TeV. Unlike the case in which the Higgs potential is CP-invariant, the CP noninvariant case does yield viable scenarios, although these require a small amount of fine-tuning. We consider a LR model supplemented by an additional U(1) horizontal symmetry, which results in a Higgs sector consistent with current experimental constraints and a realistic spectrum of neutrino masses.
We present a calculation of subleading 1/m_b corrections to spectator effects in the ratios of beauty hadron lifetimes in heavy-quark expansion. We find that these effects are sizable and should be taken into account in systematic analyses of heavy hadron lifetimes. In particular, the inclusion of 1/m_b corrections brings into agreement the theoretical predictions and experimental observations of the ratio of lifetimes of Λ_b-baryon and B_d meson. We obtain τ(B_u)/τ(B_d) = 1.06 \pm 0.02, τ(B_s)/τ(B_d)= 1.00 \pm 0.01, τ(Λ_b)/τ(B_d)= 0.86 \pm 0.05.
The motivation most often cited in searches for D0-anti-D0 mixing and CP-violation in charm system lies with the possibility of observing a signal from new physics which dominates that from the Standard Model. We review recent theoretical predictions and experimental constraints on D0-anti-D0 mixing parameters. We also discuss the current status of searches for CP-violation in charmed meson transitions, as well as some recent theoretical ideas.
We review current status of theoretical predictions of lifetimes of heavy hadrons in heavy-quark expansion. We present a calculation of subleading 1/m_b corrections to spectator effects in the ratios of beauty hadron lifetimes. We find that these effects are sizable and should be taken into account in systematic analyses of heavy hadron lifetimes. In particular, the inclusion of 1/m_b corrections brings into agreement the theoretical predictions and experimental observations of the ratio of lifetimes of Lambda_b-baryon and B_d meson. We obtain τ(B_u)/τ(B_d) = 1.09 \pm 0.03, τ(B_s)/τ(B_d)= 1.00 \pm 0.01, τ(Λ_b)/τ(B_d)= 0.87 \pm 0.05.
We construct a CP-violating observable which does not require flavor or CP tagging of the initial state. The proposed decay asymmetry could be measured at both threshold and non-threshold charm physics experiments and provide better sensitivity to small CP-violating parameters in charm decays.