arXiv subjects

Alexey Bobrick

Publications and source records attributed to Alexey Bobrick.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2020

SN 2019ehk: A Double-Peaked Ca-rich Transient with Luminous X-ray Emission and Shock-Ionized Spectral Features

We present panchromatic observations and modeling of the Calcium-rich supernova 2019ehk in the star-forming galaxy M100 (d$\approx$16.2 Mpc) starting 10 hours after explosion and continuing for ~300 days. SN 2019ehk shows a double-peaked optical light curve peaking at $t = 3$ and $15$ days. The first peak is coincident with luminous, rapidly decaying $\textit{Swift}$-XRT discovered X-ray emission ($L_x\approx10^{41}~\rm{erg~s^{-1}}$ at 3 days; $L_x \propto t^{-3}$), and a Shane/Kast spectral detection of narrow H$α$ and He II emission lines ($v \approx 500$ km/s) originating from pre-existent circumstellar material. We attribute this phenomenology to radiation from shock interaction with extended, dense material surrounding the progenitor star at $r<10^{15}$ cm and the resulting cooling emission. We calculate a total CSM mass of $\sim$ $7\times10^{-3}$ $\rm{M_{\odot}}$ with particle density $n\approx10^{9}\,\rm{cm^{-3}}$. Radio observations indicate a significantly lower density $n < 10^{4}\,\rm{cm^{-3}}$ at larger radii. The photometric and spectroscopic properties during the second light curve peak are consistent with those of Ca-rich transients (rise-time of $t_r =13.4\pm0.210$ days and a peak B-band magnitude of $M_B =-15.1\pm0.200$ mag). We find that SN 2019ehk synthesized $(3.1\pm0.11)\times10^{-2} ~ \rm{M_{\odot}}$ of ${}^{56}\textrm{Ni}$ and ejected $M_{\rm ej} = (0.72\pm 0.040)~\rm{M_{\odot}}$ total with a kinetic energy $E_{\rm k}=(1.8\pm0.10)\times10^{50}~\rm{erg}$. Finally, deep $\textit{HST}$ pre-explosion imaging at the SN site constrains the parameter space of viable stellar progenitors to massive stars in the lowest mass bin (~10 $\rm{M_{\odot}}$) in binaries that lost most of their He envelope or white dwarfs. The explosion and environment properties of SN 2019ehk further restrict the potential WD progenitor systems to low-mass hybrid HeCO WD + CO WD binaries.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2020

Faint rapid red transients from Neutron star -- CO white-dwarf mergers

Mergers of neutron stars (NS) and white dwarfs (WD) may give rise to observable explosive transient events. We use 3D hydrodynamical (SPH) simulations, as well as 2D hydrodynamical-thermonuclear simulations (using the FLASH AMR code) to model the disruption of CO-WDs by NSs, which produce faint transient events. We post-process the simulations using a large nuclear network and make use of the SuperNu radiation-transfer code to predict the observational signatures and detailed properties of these transients. We calculate the light-curves (LC) and spectra for five models of NS - CO-WD mergers. The small yields of Ni56 (few x 0.001Msun) results in faint, rapidly-evolving reddened transients (RRTs) with B (R) - peak magnitudes of ~ -12 (-13) to ~ -13 (-15), much shorter and fainter than both regular and faint/peculiar type-Ia SNe. We show that the spectra of RRTs share some similarities with rapidly - evolving transients such as SN2010x, though RRTs are significantly fainter, especially in the I/R bands, and show far stronger Si lines. We estimate that the upcoming Large Synoptic Survey Telescope could detect RRTs at a rate of ~ 10 - 70 yr^-1, through observations in the R/I bands.

astro-ph.SR↗

arXiv2019

Normal type Ia supernovae from disruptions of hybrid He-CO white-dwarfs by CO white-dwarfs

Type Ia supernovae (SNe) are thought to originate from the thermonuclear explosions of carbon-oxygen (CO) white dwarfs (WDs). The proposed progenitors of standard type Ia SNe have been studied for decades and can be, generally, divided into explosions of CO WDs accreting material from stellar non-degenerate companions (single-degenerate; SD models), and those arising from the explosive interaction of two CO WDs (double-degenerate; DD models). However, current models for the progenitors of such SNe fail to reproduce the diverse properties of the observed explosions, nor do they explain the inferred rates and the characteristics of the observed populations of type Ia SNe and their expected progenitors. Here we show that the little-studied mergers of CO-WDs with hybrid Helium-CO (He-CO) WDs can provide for a significant fraction of the normal type Ia SNe. Here we use detailed thermonuclear-hydrodynamical and radiative-transfer models to show that a wide range of mergers of CO WDs with hybrid He-CO WDs can give rise to normal type Ia SNe. We find that such He-enriched mergers give rise to explosions for which the synthetic light-curves and spectra resemble those of observed type Ia SNe, and in particular, they can produce a wide range of peak-luminosities, MB(MR)~ 18.4 to 19.2 (~ 18.5 to 19:45), consistent with those observed for normal type Ia SNe. Moreover, our population synthesis models show that, together with the contribution from mergers of massive double CO-WDs (producing the more luminous SNe), they can potentially reproduce the full range of type Ia SNe, their rate and delay-time distribution.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2018

Formation constraints indicate a black-hole accretor in 47 Tuc X9

The luminous X-ray binary 47 Tuc X9 shows radio and X-ray emission consistent with a stellar-mass black hole accreting from a carbon-oxygen white dwarf. Its location, in the core of the massive globular cluster 47 Tuc, hints at a dynamical origin. We assess the stability of mass transfer from a carbon-oxygen white dwarf onto compact objects of various masses, and conclude that for mass transfer to proceed stably the accretor must, in fact, be a black hole. Such systems can form dynamically by the collision of a stellar-mass black hole with a giant star. Tidal dissipation of energy in the giant's envelope leads to a bound binary with a pericentre separation less than the radius of the giant. An episode of common-envelope evolution follows, which ejects the giant's envelope. We find that the most likely target is a horizontal-branch star, and that a realistic quantity of subsequent dynamical hardening is required for the resulting binary to merge via gravitational wave emission. Observing one binary like 47 Tuc X9 in the Milky Way globular cluster system is consistent with the expected formation rate. The observed 6.8-day periodicity in the X-ray emission may be driven by eccentricity induced in the UCXB's orbit by a perturbing companion.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2017

Mass transfer in white dwarf-neutron star binaries

We perform hydrodynamic simulations of mass transfer in binaries that contain a white dwarf and a neutron star (WD-NS binaries), and measure the specific angular momentum of material lost from the binary in disc winds. By incorporating our results within a long-term evolution model we measure the long-term stability of mass transfer in these binaries. We find that only binaries containing helium white dwarfs with masses less than a critical mass of $M_{\rm WD,crit}=0.2\,M_\odot$ undergo stable mass transfer and evolve into ultra-compact $X$-ray binaries. Systems with higher-mass white dwarfs experience unstable mass transfer, which leads to tidal disruption of the white dwarf. Our low critical mass compared to the standard jet-only model of mass loss arises from the efficient removal of angular momentum in the mechanical disc winds which develop at highly super-Eddington mass-transfer rates. We find that the eccentricities expected for WD-NS binaries when they come into contact do not affect the loss of angular momentum, and can only affect the long-term evolution if they change on shorter timescales than the mass-transfer rate. Our results are broadly consistent with the observed numbers of both ultra-compact $X$-ray binaries and radio pulsars with white dwarf companions. The observed calcium-rich gap transients are consistent with the merger rate of unstable systems with higher-mass white dwarfs.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2011

Interacting compact binaries: modeling mass transfer in eccentric systems

We discuss mass transfer in eccentric binaries containing a white dwarf and a neutron star (WD--NS binaries). We show that such binaries are produced from field binaries following a series of mass transfer episodes that allow the white dwarf to form before the neutron star. We predict the orbital properties of binaries similar to the observed WD--NS binary J1141+6545, and show that they will undergo episodic mass transfer from the white dwarf to the neutron star. Furthermore, we describe oil-on-water, a two-phase SPH formalism that we have developed in order to model mass transfer in such binaries.

astro-ph.HE↗