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Alfonso Allen-Perkins

Publications and source records attributed to Alfonso Allen-Perkins.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

Prime stars multiplexes

This work investigates the class of prime star multiplexes, in which each of its layers $i$, $i=1,2, \ldots M$, consists of a regular cycle graph where any node has $2J_i$ neighbors. In a process that does not affect the cyclic topology, it is assumed that, before the multiplex is assembled, the nodes are labeled differently in each individual layer. As the setup requires that all representations of the same node in the different $M$ layers must be linked by inter-layers connections, the resulting multiplex pattern can be highly complex. This can be better visualized if one assumes that in one layer the nodes are labeled in the sequentially ascending order and that the nodes with the same label are drawn on the top of the other, so that all inter-layer connections are represented by vertical lines. In such cases, the other $M-1$ layers are characterized by long distance shortcuts. As a consequence, in spite of sharing the same internal topological structure, the multiplex ends up with very dissimilar layers. For prime number of nodes, a regular star geometry arises by requiring that the neighbor labels of the $M-1$ layers differ by a constant value $p_i>1$. For $M=2$, we use analytical and numerical approaches to provide a thorough characterization of the multiplex topological properties, of the inter layer dissimilarity, and of the diffusive dynamical processes taking place on them. For the sake of definitiveness, it is considered that each node in the sequentially labeled layer is characterized by $J_1\geq1$. In the other layer, we fix $J_2\equiv1$, while $p>1$ becomes a proxy of layer dissimilarity.

physics.soc-ph

Fractional dynamics on circulant multiplex networks: optimal coupling and long-range navigation for continuous-time random walks

This work analyzes fractional continuous-time random walks on two-layer multiplexes. A node-centric dynamics is used, in which it is assumed a Poisson distribution of a walker to become active, while a jump to one of its neighbors depends on the connection weight. Synthetic multiplexes with well known topology are used to illustrate dynamical features obtained by numerical simulations, while exact analytical expressions are presented for multiplexes assembled by circulant layers with finite number of nodes. Special attention is given to the effect of inter- $D_x$ and intra-layer $D_i$ coefficients on the system's behavior. In opposition to usual discrete time dynamics, the relaxation time has a well defined minimum at an optimal value of $D_x/D_i$. It is found that, even for the enhanced diffusion condition, the walkers mean square displacement increases linearly with time.

physics.soc-ph

Mathematical modeling for sustainable aphid control in agriculture via intercropping

Agricultural losses to pest represent an important challenge in a global warming scenario. Intercropping is an alternative farming practice that promotes pest control without the use of chemical pesticides. Here we develop a mathematical model to study epidemic spreading and control in intercropped agricultural fields as a sustainable pest management tool for agriculture. The model combines the movement of aphids transmitting a virus in an agricultural field, the spatial distribution of plants in the intercropped field, and the presence of `trap crops' in an epidemiological Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) model. Using this model we study several intercropping arrangements without and with trap crops and find a new intercropping arrangement that improves significantly pest management in agricultural fields respect to the commonly used intercrop systems.

q-bio.PE

Markov chain approach to anomalous diffusion on Newman-Watts networks

A Markov chain (MC) formalism is used to investigate the mean-square displacement (MSD) of a random walker on Newman-Watts (NW) networks. It leads to a precise analysis of the conditions for the emergence of anomalous sub- or super-diffusive regimes in such random media. Whereas results provided by most numerical approaches used so far base their results on the computation of a large number of independent runs over many equivalent substrates, the MC framework is applied only once to each equivalent sample. Starting from the simple cycle graph with $2k$ nearest neighbor connections, for which exact MSD expressions within the MC formalism can be derived, the randomness and complexity of the substrate is easily controlled by the number $x$ of added links. Results for different values of $k$, $x$, and the number $N$ of nodes make it possible to distinguish actual anomalous regimes from transient behavior and finite size effects. Albeit the high computing cost restricts the size of our networks to $N\leq1500$ nodes, our very precise results justify a new and more comprehensive scaling ansatz for walker dynamics, from which the behavior for very large networks can be derived.

physics.soc-ph

Random spherical graphs

This work addresses a modification of the random geometric graph (RGG) model by considering a set of points uniformly and independently distributed on the surface of a $(d-1)$-sphere with radius $r$ in a $d-$dimensional Euclidean space, instead of on an unit hypercube $[0,1]^d$ . Then, two vertices are connected by a link if their great circle distance is at most $s$. In the case of $d=3$, the topological properties of the random spherical graphs (RSGs) generated by this model are studied as a function of $s$. We obtain analytical expressions for the average degree, degree distribution, connectivity, average path length, diameter and clustering coefficient for RSGs. By setting $r=\sqrtπ/(2π)$, we also show the differences between the topological properties of RSGs and those of two-dimensional RGGs and random rectangular graphs (RRGs). Surprisingly, in terms of the average clustering coefficient, RSGs look more similar to the analytical estimation for RGGs than RGGs themselves, when their boundary effects are considered. We support all our findings by computer simulations that corroborate the accuracy of the theoretical models proposed for RSGs.

physics.soc-ph

Superdiffusion on complex networks: the role of shortcuts and long-range interactions

This work addresses the superdiffusive motion of a discrete time random walker on ordered discrete substrates and complex networks with the presence of long-range interactions (LRIs). In ordered regular lattices, where LRIs have a clear geometrical meaning, their presence allow for hoppings between more distant sites, yet with a smaller probability. In such cases, it is found that LRIs do not affect the dependency of the mean square displacement (MSD) traveled by the walker: exact analytical results for the the cycle graph within the Markov chain framework shows that MSD follows the same linearly increasing behavior with time when LRIs are absent, independently of the strength of LRI. This contrasts with the superdiffusive scenario in complex networks. When they have very short diameter ($\sim \log N$), the analysis of the time dependency of MSD becomes quite difficult, as it saturates very quickly even when LRIs are absent. The presence of a faster than linearly increasing growth phase can be noticed, but it can hardly be measured with precision. This effect is sidestepped on small-world Newman-Watts (NW) networks, where the network diameter can be controlled by the number of new links (shortcuts) that are added to the cycle graph. The time duration $t_f$ of the superdiffusive regime and the power law exponent can be adequately evaluated by numerical methods. They depend on the number of nodes and shortcuts, as well as the strength of LRIs. Although the later causes a strong reduction in $t_f$ when shortcuts are present, their presence by itself is not sufficient to trigger a superdiffusive behavior.

physics.soc-ph

Relaxation time of the global order parameter on multiplex networks: the role of interlayer coupling in Kuramoto oscillators

This work considers the timescales associated with the global order parameter and the interlayer synchronization of coupled Kuramoto oscillators on multiplexes. For the two-layer multiplexes with initially high degree of synchronization in each layer, the difference between the average phases in each layer is analyzed from two different perspectives: the spectral analysis and the non-linear Kuramoto model. Both viewpoints confirm that the prior timescales are inversely proportional to the interlayer coupling strength. Thus, increasing the interlayer coupling always shortens the transient regimes of both the global order parameter and the interlayer synchronization. Surprisingly, the analytical results show that the convergence of the global order parameter is faster than the interlayer synchronization, and the latter is generally faster than the global synchronization of the multiplex. The formalism also outlines the effects of frequencies on the difference between the average phases of each layer, and identifies the conditions for an oscillatory behavior. Computer simulations are in fairly good agreement with the analytical findings and reveal that the timescale of the global order parameter is at least half times smaller than timescale of the multiplex.

physics.soc-ph

Two-walks degree assortativity in graphs and networks

Degree ssortativity is the tendency for nodes of high degree (resp.low degree) in a graph to be connected to high degree nodes (resp. to low degree ones). It is sually quantified by the Pearson correlation coefficient of the degree-degree correlation. Here we extend this concept to account for the effect of second neighbours to a given node in a graph. That is, we consider the two-walks degree of a node as the sum of all the degrees of its adjacent nodes. The two-walks degree assortativity of a graph is then the Pearson correlation coefficient of the two-walks degree-degree correlation. We found here analytical expression for this two-walks degree assortativity index as a function of contributing subgraphs. We then study all the 261,000 connected graphs with 9 nodes and observe the existence of assortative-assortative and disassortative-disassortative graphs according to degree and two-walks degree, respectively. More surprinsingly, we observe a class of graphs which are degree disassortative and two-walks degree assortative. We explain the existence of some of these graphs due to the presence of certain topological features, such as a node of low-degree connected to high-degree ones. More importantly, we study a series of 49 real-world networks, where we observe the existence of the disassortative-assortative class in several of them. In particular, all biological networks studied here were in this class. We also conclude that no graphs/networks are possible with assortative-disassortative structure.

physics.soc-ph

Inducing Self-Organized Criticality in a network toy model by neighborhood assortativity

Complex networks are a recent type of frameworks used to study complex systems with many interacting elements, such as Self-Organized Criticality (SOC). The network node's tendency to link to other nodes of similar type is characterized by assortative mixing. Real networks exhibit assortative mixing by vertex degree, however typical random network models, such as Erdos-Renyi or Barabasi-Albert, show no assortative arrangements. In this paper we introduce the neighborhood assortativity notion, as the tendency of a node to belong to a community (its neighborhood) showing an average property similar to its own. Imposing neighborhood assortative mixing by degree in a network toy model, SOC dynamics can be found. The long-range correlations resulting from the criticality have been characterized by means of fluctuation analysis and show an anticorrelation in the node's activity. The model contains only one parameter and its statistics plots for different values of the parameter can be collapsed into a single curve. The simplicity of the model allows performing numerical simulations and also to study analytically the statistics for a specific value of the parameter, making use of the Markov chains.

nlin.AO