arXiv subjects

Almustapha A. Wakili

Publications and source records attributed to Almustapha A. Wakili.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

TwinSegNet: A Digital Twin-Enabled Federated Learning Framework for Brain Tumor Analysis

Brain tumor segmentation is critical in diagnosis and treatment planning for the disease. Yet, current deep learning methods rely on centralized data collection, which raises privacy concerns and limits generalization across diverse institutions. In this paper, we propose TwinSegNet, which is a privacy-preserving federated learning framework that integrates a hybrid ViT-UNet model with personalized digital twins for accurate and real-time brain tumor segmentation. Our architecture combines convolutional encoders with Vision Transformer bottlenecks to capture local and global context. Each institution fine-tunes the global model of private data to form its digital twin. Evaluated on nine heterogeneous MRI datasets, including BraTS 2019-2021 and custom tumor collections, TwinSegNet achieves high Dice scores (up to 0.90%) and sensitivity/specificity exceeding 90%, demonstrating robustness across non-independent and identically distributed (IID) client distributions. Comparative results against centralized models such as TumorVisNet highlight TwinSegNet's effectiveness in preserving privacy without sacrificing performance. Our approach enables scalable, personalized segmentation for multi-institutional clinical settings while adhering to strict data confidentiality requirements.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2025

Breath as a biomarker: A survey of contact and contactless applications and approaches in respiratory monitoring

Breath analysis has emerged as a critical tool in health monitoring, offering insights into respiratory function, disease detection, and continuous health assessment. While traditional contact-based methods are reliable, they often pose challenges in comfort and practicality, particularly for long-term monitoring. This survey comprehensively examines contact-based and contactless approaches, emphasizing recent advances in machine learning and deep learning techniques applied to breath analysis. Contactless methods, including Wi-Fi Channel State Information and acoustic sensing, are analyzed for their ability to provide accurate, noninvasive respiratory monitoring. We explore a broad range of applications, from single-user respiratory rate detection to multi-user scenarios, user identification, and respiratory disease detection. Furthermore, this survey details essential data preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification techniques, offering comparative insights into machine learning/deep learning models suited to each approach. Key challenges like dataset scarcity, multi-user interference, and data privacy are also discussed, along with emerging trends like Explainable AI, federated learning, transfer learning, and hybrid modeling. By synthesizing current methodologies and identifying open research directions, this survey offers a comprehensive framework to guide future innovations in breath analysis, bridging advanced technological capabilities with practical healthcare applications.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2025

Evaluating BiLSTM and CNN+GRU Approaches for Human Activity Recognition Using WiFi CSI Data

This paper compares the performance of BiLSTM and CNN+GRU deep learning models for Human Activity Recognition (HAR) on two WiFi-based Channel State Information (CSI) datasets: UT-HAR and NTU-Fi HAR. The findings indicate that the CNN+GRU model has a higher accuracy on the UT-HAR dataset (95.20%) thanks to its ability to extract spatial features. In contrast, the BiLSTM model performs better on the high-resolution NTU-Fi HAR dataset (92.05%) by extracting long-term temporal dependencies more effectively. The findings strongly emphasize the critical role of dataset characteristics and preprocessing techniques in model performance improvement. We also show the real-world applicability of such models in applications like healthcare and intelligent home systems, highlighting their potential for unobtrusive activity recognition.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

Summary of Point Transformer with Federated Learning for Predicting Breast Cancer HER2 Status from Hematoxylin and Eosin-Stained Whole Slide Images

This study introduces a federated learning-based approach to predict HER2 status from hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained whole slide images (WSIs), reducing costs and speeding up treatment decisions. To address label imbalance and feature representation challenges in multisite datasets, a point transformer is proposed, incorporating dynamic label distribution, an auxiliary classifier, and farthest cosine sampling. Extensive experiments demonstrate state-of-the-art performance across four sites (2687 WSIs) and strong generalization to two unseen sites (229 WSIs).

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

Quality Assurance Practices in Agile Methodology

The complexity of software is increasing day by day the requirement and need for a verity of softwareproducts increases, this necessitates the provision of a strong tool that will make a balance betweenproduction and quality. The practice of applying software metrics to the development process and to asoftware product is a critical task and crucial enough that requires study and discipline and whichbrings knowledge of the status of the process and/or product of software in regards to the goals toachieve, this discipline is known as quality assurance which is the key factor behind the success ofevery software engineering project, the quality assurance activities are what result in the qualitativeproduct as well as the process in both conventional software development methodology and agilemethodology. However, agile methodology is now becoming one of the dominant method adopted bymost of the software industries because it allows developing of software with very limited requirementand supports rapid changes in the requirement, the method may produce the product very fast but wemight not guarantee the quality of the product unless we apply the SQA activities to the process. Thisresearch paper aimed to study the quality assurance activities practice in agile software developmentmethodology, investigate the common problems and key drivers of quality in agile, and propose asolution to improve the practice of SQA in agile methodology by analyzing the parameters that assurequality in agile software.

cs.SE↗