arXiv subjects

Ana I. Julio

Publications and source records attributed to Ana I. Julio.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2023

Indices of diagonalizable and universal realizability of spectra

A list $Λ=\{λ_{1},\ldots ,λ_{n}\}$ of complex numbers (repeats allowed) is said to be \textit{realizable} if it is the spectrum of an entrywise nonnegative matrix $A$. $Λ$ is \textit{diagonalizably realizable} if the realizing matrix $A$ is diagonalizable. $Λ$ is said to be \textit{universally realizable} if it is \textit{\ realizable} for each possible Jordan canonical form allowed by $Λ.$ Here, we study the connection between diagonalizable realizability and universal realizability of spectra. In particular, we establish \textit{\ indices of realizability} for diagonalizable and universal realizability. We also define the merge of two spectra and we prove a result that allow us to easily decide, in many cases, about the universal realizability of spectra.

math.SP↗

arXiv2023

New results about the Inverse Eigenvalue Problem of a Graph

All graphs considered are simple and undirected. The Inverse Eigenvalue Problem of a Graph $G$ (IEP-G) aims to find all possible spectra for matrices whose $(i,j)-$entry, for $i\neq j$, is nonzero precisely when $i$ is adjacent to $j$. A cluster in a graph $G$ is a pair of vertex subsets $(C, S)$, where $C$ is a maximal set of cardinality $\vert C\vert\geq 2$ of independent vertices sharing the same set $S$ of $\vert S\vert$ neighbors. Let $G$ be a connected graph on $n$ vertices with a cluster $(C, S)$ and $H$ be a graph of order $\vert C\vert$. Let $G(H)$ be the connected graph obtained from $G$ and $H$ when the edges of $H$ are added to the edges of $G$ by identifying the vertices of $H$ with the vertices in $C$. In this paper, we construct a symmetric matrix with associated complete graph, which satisfies some interesting properties. This result is applied to obtain new sufficient conditions on the IEP-G, when $G$ is a graph of order $n$ having a clique of order $k$ and a cluster $(C,S)$, where $\vert C\vert=n-k$ and $\vert S\vert=r\leq k$, as well as, for the graph $G(K_{n-k})$, being $G$ as before. In particular, when $G$ is a graph obtained from $K_{n}$ by deleting a single edge $e_{k}\in E(K_{n})$, we establish a necessary and sufficient condition on the IEP-G. Several illustrative example are given. The constructive nature of our results generate algorithmic procedures that always allow one to compute a solution matrix.

math.CO↗

arXiv2021

Perturbing eigenvalues of nonnegative centrosymmetric matrices

An $n\times n$ matrix $C$ is said to be {\it centrosymmetric} if it satisfies the relation $JCJ=C$, where $J$ is the $n\times n$ counteridentity matrix. Centrosymmetric matrices have a rich eigenstructure that has been studied extensively in the literature. Many results for centrosymmetric matrices have been generalized to wider classes of matrices that arise in a wide variety of disciplines. In this paper, we obtain interesting spectral properties for nonnegative centrosymmetric matrices. We show how to change one single eigenvalue, two or three eigenvalues of an $n\times n$ nonnegative centrosymmetric matrix without changing any of the remaining eigenvalues neither nonnegativity nor the centrosymmetric structure. Moreover, our results allow partially answer some known questions given by Guo [11] and by Guo and Guo [12]. Our proofs generate algorithmic procedures that allow to compute a solution matrix.

math.CO↗

arXiv2020

The role of certain Brauer and Rado results in the nonnegative inverse spectral problems

We say that a list $Λ=\{ λ_{1},\ldots ,λ_{n}\}$ of complex numbers is realizable, if it is the spectrum of a nonnegative matrix $A$ (the realizing matrix). We say that $Λ$ is universally realizable if it is realizable for each possible Jordan canonical form allowed by $ Λ.$ This work does not contain new results. As its title says, our goal is to show and emphasize the relevance of certain results of Brauer and Rado in the study of nonnegative inverse spectral problems. We show that virtually all known results, which give sufficient conditions for the list $ Λ$ to be realizable or universally realizable, can be obtained from the results of Brauer or Rado. Moreover, in this case, we may always compute a realizing matrix.

math.SP↗

arXiv2019

New bounds on the distance Laplacian and distance signless Laplacian spectral radii

Let G be a simple undirected connected graph. In this paper, new upper bounds on the distance Laplacian spectral radius of G are obtained. Moreover, new lower and upper bounds for the distance signless Laplacian spectral radius of G are derived. Some of the above mentioned bounds are sharp and the graphs attaining the corresponding bound are characterized. Several illustrative examples are included.

math.CO↗

arXiv2019

Centrosymmetric nonnegative realization of spectra

A list $Λ=\{λ_{1},λ_{2},\ldots ,λ_{n}\}$ of complex numbers is said to be realizable if it is the spectrum of an entrywise nonnegative matrix. In this paper we intent to characterize those lists of complex numbers, which are realizable by a centrosymmetric nonnegative matrix. In particular, we show that lists of nonnegative real numbers, and lists of complex numbers of Suleimanova type (except in one particular case), are always the spectrum of some centrosymmetric nonnegative matrix. For the general lists we give sufficient conditions via a perturbation result. We also show that for $n=4,$ every realizable list of real numbers is also realizable by a nonnegative centrosymmetric matrix.

math.RA↗

arXiv2018

On universal realizability of spectra

A list $Λ=\{λ_{1},λ_{2},\ldots ,λ_{n}\}$ of complex numbers is said to be realizable if it is the spectrum of an entrywise nonnegative matrix. The list $Λ$ is said to be universally realizable ($\mathcal{UR}$) if it is the spectrum of a nonnegative matrix for each possible Jordan canonical form allowed by $Λ$. It is well known that an $n\times n$ nonnegative matrix $A$ is co-spectral to a nonnegative matrix $B$ with constant row sums. In this paper, we extend the co-spectrality between $A$ and $B$ to a similarity between $A$ and $B$, when the Perron eigenvalue is simple. We also show that if $ε\geq 0$ and $Λ=\{λ_{1},λ_{2},\ldots ,λ_{n}\}$ is $\mathcal{UR},$ then $\{λ_{1}+ε,λ_{2},\ldots,λ_{n}\}$ is also $\mathcal{UR}$. We give counter-examples for the cases: $Λ=\{λ_{1},λ_{2},\ldots ,λ_{n}\}$ is $\mathcal{UR}$ implies $\{λ_{1}+ε,λ_{2}-ε,λ_{3},\ldots ,λ_{n}\}$ is $\mathcal{UR},$ and $Λ_{1},Λ_{2}$ are $\mathcal{UR}$ implies $Λ_{1}\cup Λ_{2}$ is $\mathcal{UR}$.

math.SP↗

arXiv2018

On Fillmore's theorem extended by Borobia

Fillmore Theorem says that if A is an nxn complex non-scalar matrix and γ_1,...,γ_{n} are complex numbers with γ_1+...+γ_{n}=trA, then there exists a matrix B similar to A with diagonal entries γ_1,...,γ_{n}. Borobia simplifies this result and extends it to matrices with integer entries. Fillmore and Borobia do not consider the nonnegativity hypothesis. Here, we introduce a different and very simple way to compute the matrix B similar to A with diagonal γ_1,...,γ_{n}. Moreover, we consider the nonnegativity hypothesis and we show that for a list Λ={λ_1,...,λ_{n}} of complex numbers of Suleimanova or Šmigoc type, and a given list Γ={γ_1,...,γ_{n}} of nonnegative real numbers, the remarkably simple condition γ_1+...+γ_{n}=λ_1+...+λ_{n} is necessary and sufficient for the existence of a nonnegative matrix with spectrum Λ and diagonal entries Γ. This surprising simple result improves a condition recently given by Ellard and Šmigoc in arXiv:.1702.02650v1.

math.SP↗