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Andreas Čap

Publications and source records attributed to Andreas Čap.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

Geometry of conic connections

A cone structure on a complex manifold $M$ is a closed submanifold $\mathcal C\subset \mathbb P TM$ of the projectivized tangent bundle of $M$ that is submersive over $M$. So this defines a set $\mathcal C_x$ of distinguished directions in each point $x\in M$. A conic connection on $\mathcal C$ is then a family of unparametrized curves on $M$ that comprises exactly one curve through each point $x\in M$ in each direction in $\mathcal C_x\subset \mathbb PT_xM$. This can be encoded by a line subbundle $\mathcal F\subset T\mathcal C$. The subclass of characteristic conic connections is defined by the vanishing of a simple invariant, called characteristic torsion. For those, one has a much more subtle and slightly mysterious invariant called the cubic torsion. The first aim of this article is to provide a new approach to the cubic torsion, which also leads to a geometric condition characterizing its vanishing. We then specialize to the case of isotrivial cone structures, for which the fibers of $\mathcal C$ are assumed to be of some fixed type. Such a structure induces a first-order $G$-structure on $M$ whose structure group is the projective automorphism group of the model fiber. Moreover, any connection $\gamma$ on the associated $G$-structure induces a conic connection $\mathcal F^\gamma$ on $\mathcal C$. Assuming that the model fiber is homogeneous, we study the relation between the torsion and curvature of a connection $\gamma$ and the characteristic and cubic torsion of $\mathcal F^\gamma$. As an application we discuss cone structures of subadjoint type, showing in particular that there are such structures admitting conic connections with vanishing characteristic and cubic torsion that are not locally flat.

math.DG

Weyl structures for path geometries

Path geometries provide a geometric encoding of systems of second order ODE, which serves as a model for the geometric theory of more general systems of ODE and for cone structures. They are an instance of the family of parabolic geometries, thus they are second order structures that are difficult to study using the usual tools of differential geometry. The general theory of parabolic geometries provides several efficient tools for the study of path geometries, but these use Cartan geometry methods and hence are not easily accessible. In this article, we build a bridge between these general methods and an elementary approach to path geometries. Motivated by the general theory of Weyl structures (but not using it), we first define a family of distinguished connections that is analogous to Webster-Tanaka connections in CR geometry. These are parametrized by (local) non-vanishing sections of a line bundle naturally associated to the geometry, and the dependence of this choice is described explicitly. We also discuss the Schouten tensor associated to such a choice and its dependence on the choice. We explain how these ingredients can be used to obtain an elementary approach to tractor calculus for path geometries and give examples of applications to the construction of invariant operators. A second major result that we prove is that in the case of path geometries, there is a smaller subclass of distinguished Weyl structures which does not seem to have an analog for any other type of parabolic geometries. This has interesting relations to the refinement of the de Rham complex induced by a path geometry via the machinery of BGG sequences. Again, all this is proved using elementary methods without reference to the general theory.

math.DG

Flat extensions of principal connections and the Chern-Simons $3$-form

We introduce the notion of a flat extension of a connection $\theta$ on a principal bundle. Roughly speaking, $\theta$ admits a flat extension if it arises as the pull-back of a component of a Maurer-Cartan form. For trivial bundles over closed oriented $3$-manifolds, we relate the existence of certain flat extensions to the vanishing of the Chern-Simons invariant associated with $\theta$. As an application, we recover the obstruction of Chern-Simons for the existence of a conformal immersion of a Riemannian $3$-manifold into Euclidean $4$-space. In addition, we obtain corresponding statements for a Lorentzian $3$-manifold, as well as a global obstruction for the existence of an equiaffine immersion into $\mathbb{R}^4$ of a $3$-manifold that is equipped with a torsion-free connection preserving a volume form.

math.DG

On Relative Tractor Bundles

This article contributes to the relative BGG-machinery for parabolic geometries. Starting from a relative tractor bundle, this machinery constructs a sequence of differential operators that are naturally associated to the geometry in question. In many situations of interest, it is known that this sequence provides a resolution of a sheaf that can locally be realized as a pullback from a local leaf space of a foliation that is naturally available in this situation. An explicit description of the latter sheaf was only available under much more restrictive assumptions. For any geometry which admits relative tractor bundles, we construct a large family of such bundles for which we obtain a simple, explicit description of the resolved sheaves under weak assumptions on the torsion of the geometry. In particular, we discuss the cases of Legendrean contact structures and of generalized path geometries, which are among the most important examples for which the relative BGG machinery is available. In both cases, we show that essentially all relative tractor bundles are obtained by our construction and our description of the resolved sheaves applies whenever the BGG sequence is a resolution.

math.DG

Bounded Poincar\'e operators for twisted and BGG complexes

We construct bounded Poincar\'e operators for twisted complexes and BGG complexes with a wide class of function classes (e.g., Sobolev spaces) on bounded Lipschitz domains. These operators are derived from the de Rham versions using BGG diagrams and, for vanishing cohomology, satisfy the homotopy identity $dP+Pd=I$ in degrees $>0$. The operators preserve polynomial classes if the de Rham versions do so.

math.NA

BGG sequences with weak regularity and applications

We investigate some Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand (BGG) complexes on bounded Lipschitz domains in $\mathbb{R}^n$ consisting of Sobolev spaces. In particular, we compute the cohomology of the conformal deformation complex and the conformal Hessian complex in the Sobolev setting. The machinery does not require algebraic injectivity/surjectivity conditions between the input spaces, and allows multiple input complexes. As applications, we establish a conformal Korn inequality in two space dimensions with the Cauchy-Riemann operator and an additional third order operator with a background in M\"obius geometry. We show that the linear Cosserat elasticity model is a Hodge-Laplacian problem of a twisted de-Rham complex. From this cohomological perspective, we propose potential generalizations of continuum models with microstructures.

math.NA

C^1 Deformations of almost-Grassmannian structures with strongly essential symmetry

We construct a family of $(2,n)$-almost Grassmannian structures of regularity $C^1$, each admitting a one-parameter group of strongly essential automorphisms, and each not flat on any neighborhood of the higher-order fixed point. This shows that Theorem 1.3 of [9] does not hold assuming only $C^1$ regularity of the structure (see also [2, Prop 3.5]).

math.DG

Conformal Holonomy Equals Ambient Holonomy

This paper studies the relation between two notions of holonomy on a conformal manifold. The first is the conformal holonomy, defined to be the holonomy of the normal tractor connection. The second is the holonomy of the Fefferman-Graham ambient metric of the conformal manifold. It is shown that the infinitesimal conformal holonomy and the infinitesimal ambient holonomy always agree up to the order that the ambient metric is defined.

math.DG

Essential Killing fields of parabolic geometries

We study vector fields generating a local flow by automorphisms of a parabolic geometry with higher order fixed points. We develop general tools extending the techniques of [1], [2], and [3]. We apply these tools to almost Grassmannian, almost quaternionic, and contact parabolic geometries, including CR structures, to obtain descriptions of the possible dynamics of such flows near the fixed point and strong restrictions on the curvature. In some cases, we can show vanishing of the curvature on a nonempty open set. Deriving consequences for a specific geometry entails evaluating purely algebraic and representation-theoretic criteria in the model homogeneous space. Published in Indiana University Mathematics Journal.

math.DG