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Andrei Khrennikov

Publications and source records attributed to Andrei Khrennikov.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
arXiv2007

To quantum mechanics through random fluctuations at the Planck time scale

We show that (in contrast to a rather common opinion) QM is not a complete theory. This is a statistical approximation of classical statistical mechanics on the {\it infinite dimensional phase space.} Such an approximation is based on the asymptotic expansion of classical statistical averages with respect to a small parameter $α.$ Therefore statistical predictions of QM are only approximative and a better precision of measurements would induce deviations of experimental averages from quantum mechanical ones. In this note we present a natural physical interpretation of $α$ as the time scaling parameter (between quantum and prequantum times). By considering the Planck time $t_P$ as the unit of the prequantum time scale we couple our prequantum model with studies on the structure of space-time on the Planck scale performed in general relativity, string theory and cosmology. In our model the Planck time $t_P$ is not at all the {\it "ultimate limit to our laws of physics"} (in the sense of laws of classical physics). We study random (Gaussian) infinite-dimensional fluctuations for prequantum times $s\leq t_P$ and show that quantum mechanical averages can be considered as an approximative description of such fluctuations.

hep-th↗
arXiv2007

Toward an adequate mathematical model of mental space: conscious/unconscious dynamics on $m$-adic trees

We try to perform geometrization of cognitive science and psychology by representing information states of cognitive systems by points of {\it mental space} given by a hierarchic $m$-adic tree. Associations are represented by balls and ideas by collections of balls. We consider dynamics of ideas based on lifting of dynamics of mental points. We apply our dynamical model for modeling of flows of unconscious and conscious information in the human brain. In series of models, Models 1-3, we consider cognitive systems with increasing complexity of psychological behavior determined by structure of flows of associations and ideas.

q-bio.NC↗
arXiv2006

A number theoretical observation about the degeneracy of the genetic code

We discuss the similarity of the degeneration structure of the genetic code with a pure number theoretic -- ``divisors code.'' The most interesting thing about our observation is not that there is a connection between number theory and the genetic code, but the simplicity of the rule. We hope that the observation and the naive model presented in this paper will serve for ideas to other models of the degeneracy of the genetic code. Maybe, the ideas of this article can also be used in the area of artificial life to syntesize artificial genetic codes.

q-bio.OT↗
arXiv2006

Linear Fractional p-Adic and Adelic Dynamical Systems

Using an adelic approach we simultaneously consider real and p-adic aspects of dynamical systems whose states are mapped by linear fractional transformations isomorphic to some subgroups of GL (2, Q), SL (2, Q) and SL (2, Z) groups. In particular, we investigate behavior of these adelic systems when fixed points are rational. It is shown that any of these rational fixed points is p-adic indifferent for all but a finite set of primes. Thus only for finite number of p-adic cases a rational fixed point may be attractive or repelling. It is also shown that real and p-adic norms of any nonzero rational fixed point are connected by adelic product formula.

math-ph↗
arXiv2006

Gene expression from polynomial dynamics in the 2-adic information space

We perform geometrization of genetics by representing genetic information by points of the 4-adic {\it information space.} By well known theorem of number theory this space can also be represented as the 2-adic space. The process of DNA-reproduction is described by the action of a 4-adic (or equivalently 2-adic) dynamical system. As we know, the genes contain information for production of proteins. The genetic code is a degenerate map of codons to proteins. We model this map as functioning of a polynomial dynamical system. The purely mathematical problem under consideration is to find a dynamical system reproducing the degenerate structure of the genetic code. We present one of possible solutions of this problem.

q-bio.OT↗
arXiv2006

Chameleon effect, the range of values hypothesis and reproducing the EPR-Bohm correlations

We present a detailed analysis of assumptions that J. Bell used to show that local realism contradicts QM. We find that Bell's viewpoint on realism is nonphysical, because it implicitly assume that observed physical variables coincides with ontic variables (i.e., these variables before measurement). The real physical process of measurement is a process of dynamical interaction between a system and a measurement device. Therefore one should check the adequacy of QM not to ``Bell's realism,'' but to adaptive realism (chameleon realism). Dropping Bell's assumption we are able to construct a natural representation of the EPR-Bohm correlations in the local (adaptive) realistic approach.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2006

Quantum mechanics as an approximation of statistical mechanics for classical fields

We show that, in spite of a rather common opinion, quantum mechanics can be represented as an approximation of classical statistical mechanics. The approximation under consideration is based on the ordinary Taylor expansion of physical variables. The quantum contribution is given by the term of the second order. To escape technical difficulties, we start with the finite dimensional quantum mechanics. In our approach quantum mechanics is an approximative theory. It predicts statistical averages only with some precision. In principle, there might be found deviations of averages calculated within the quantum formalism from experimental averages (which are supposed to be equal to classical averages given by our model).

cond-mat.stat-mech↗
arXiv2006

A formula of total probability with interference term and the Hilbert space representation of the contextual Kolmogorovian model

We compare the classical Kolmogorov and quantum probability models. We show that the gap between these model is not so huge as it was commonly believed. The main structures of quantum theory (interference of probabilities, Born's rule, complex probabilistic amplitudes, Hilbert state space, representation of observables by operators) are present in a latent form in the Kolmogorov model. In particular, we obtain ``interference of probabilities'' without to appeal to the Hilbert space formalism. We interpret ``interference of probabilities'' as a perturbation (by a $\cos$-term) of the conventional formula of total probability. Our classical derivation of quantum probabilistic formalism can stimulate applications of quantum methods outside of microworld : in psychology, biology, economy,...

math.PR↗
arXiv2006

The transition from ontic potentiality to actualization of states in quantum mechanical approach to reality: The Proof of a Mathematical Theorem to Support It

It is given a preliminary discussion on the ontic nature of quantum states to be intended as potentialities and on the central role of spin to be considered as the basic essence of quantum mechanical reality. The possible fundamental role of potentialities and of spin is evidenced in the framework of physical as well as of biological reality. After such preliminary deepening, using a quantum like scheme delineated on the basis of an algebraic structure, it is given for the first time mathematical demonstration of the transition from potentiality of states to their actualization as basic mechanism of our reality.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2006

Anomalies in experimental data for the EPR-Bohm experiment: Are both classical and quantum mechanics wrong?

We analyze anomalies in data to test the violation of Bell's inequality for the EPR-Bohm experiment. We found that the experimental correlations for photon polarization have an intriguing property. In the experimental data there are visible non-negligible deviations of probabilities $P_{++}^{\rm{exp}}(α, β), P_{+-}^{\rm{exp}}(α, β), P_{-+}^{\rm{exp}}(α, β), P_{--}^{\rm{exp}}(α, β) $ from the predictions of quantum mechanics, namely, $P_{++}(α, β)=P_{--}(α, β)= {1/2}\cos^2(α-β)$ and $P_{+-}=P_{-+}(α, β)={1/2}\sin^2(α-β).$ However, in some mysterious way those deviations compensate each other and finally the correlation $E^{\rm{exp}}(α, β)= P_{++}^{\rm{exp}}(α, β)- P_{+-}^{\rm{exp}}(α, β)- P_{-+}^{\rm{exp}}(α, β)+ P_{--}^{\rm{exp}}(α, β)$ is in the complete agreement with the QM-prediction, namely, $E(α, β)= P_{++}(α, β)- P_{+-}(α, β)- P_{-+}(α, β)+ P_{--}(α, β)= \cos 2(α-β).$ Therefore such anomalies play no role in the Bell's inequality framework. Nevertheless, other linear combinations of experimental probabilities do not have such a compensation property. There can be found non-negligible deviations from predictions of quantum mechanics. Thus neither classical nor quantum model can pass the whole family of statistical tests given by all possible linear combinations of the EPR-Bohm probabilities. Does it mean that both models are wrong?

quant-ph↗
arXiv2006

Energy Levels of "Hydrogen Atom" in Discrete Time Dynamics

We analyze dynamical consequences of a conjecture that there exists a fundamental (indivisible) quant of time. In particular we study the problem of discrete energy levels of hydrogen atom. We are able to reconstruct potential which in discrete time formalism leads to energy levels of unperturbed hydrogen atom. We also consider linear energy levels of quantum harmonic oscillator and show how they are produced in the discrete time formalism. More generally, we show that in discrete time formalism finite motion in central potential leads to discrete energy spectrum, the property which is common for quantum mechanical theory. Thus deterministic (but discrete time!) dynamics is compatible with discrete energy levels.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2006

Nonlinear Schrödinger equations from prequantum classical statistical field theory

We derive some important features of the standard quantum mechanics from a certain classical-like model -- prequantum classical statistical field theory, PCSFT. In this approach correspondence between classical and quantum quantities is established through asymptotic expansions. PCSFT induces not only linear Schrödinger's equation, but also its {\it nonlinear generalizations.} This coupling with ``nonlinear wave mechanics'' is used to evaluate the small parameter of PCSFT.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2006

On the problem of hidden variables for quantum field theory

We show that QFT (as well as QM) is not a complete physical theory. We constructed a classical statistical model inducing quantum field averages. The phase space consists of square integrable functions, $f(ϕ),$ of the classical bosonic field, $ϕ(x).$ We call our model prequantum classical statistical field-functional theory -- PCSFFT. The correspondence between classical averages given by PCSFFT and quantum field averages given by QFT is asymptotic. The QFT-average gives the main term in the expansion of the PCSFFT-average with respect to the small parameter $α$ -- dispersion of fluctuations of "vacuum field functionals.'' The Scrödinger equation of QFT is obtained as the Hamilton equation for functionals, $F(f),$ of classical field functions, $f(ϕ).$ The main experimental prediction of PCSFFT is that QFT gives only approximative statistical predictions that might be violated in future experiments.

hep-th↗
arXiv2006

Interpretation of Stationary States in Prequantum Classical Statistical Field Theory

We develop a prequantum classical statistical model in that the role of hidden variables is played by classical (vector) fields. We call this model Prequantum Classical Statistical Field Theory (PCSFT). The correspondence between classical and quantum quantities is asymptotic, so we call our approach asymptotic dequantization. In this note we pay the main attention to interpretation of so called pure quantum states (wave functions) in PCSFT, especially stationary states. We show, see Theorem 2, that pure states of QM can be considered as labels for Gaussian measures concentrated on one dimensional complex subspaces of phase space that are invariant with respect to the Schrödinger dynamics. ``A quantum system in a stationary state $ψ$'' in PCSFT is nothing else than a Gaussian ensemble of classical fields (fluctuations of the vacuum field of a very small magnitude) which is not changed in the process of Schrödinger's evolution. We interpret in this way the problem of {\it stability of hydrogen atom.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2005

p-Adic and Adelic Superanalysis

After a brief review of p-adic numbers, adeles and their functions, we consider real, p-adic and adelic superalgebras, superspaces and superanalyses. A concrete illustration is given by means of the Grassmann algebra generated by two anticommuting elements.

hep-th↗