arXiv subjects

Andres Intriago

Publications and source records attributed to Andres Intriago.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

HyMGP: A Customized MILP-Based Tool for Techno-Economic Planning of Islanded Microgrids

This paper presents a customized microgrid planning algorithm and tool, HyMGP, for remote sites in arid regions, which is formulated as a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem. HyMGP is compared with HOMER Pro to evaluate its performance in optimizing the sizing of microgrid components, including photovoltaic panels (PVs), vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs), and battery energy storage systems (BESS), for remote and off-grid applications. The study focuses on a standalone microgrid in the Saudi Arabia, considering high solar irradiance, limited wind availability, and a constant load profile composed of continuous cathodic protection and daytime cooling. In the simulation environment, comparisons with HOMER solutions demonstrate the advantages of HyMGP, which provides optimal and more flexible solutions by allowing user-defined component specifications and strictly enforcing all constraints. Further analysis shows that incorporating wind turbines reduces the Net Present Cost (NPC) by decreasing the required PV and battery capacities. Increasing battery autonomy leads to a higher NPC in both PV-only and hybrid systems due to the need for larger storage. Finally, lithium iron phosphate (Li-ion LFP) batteries are found to be more cost effective than lead acid, offering lower NPCs due to their longer lifespan, deeper discharge capability, and fewer replacement cycles.

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arXiv2025

Admittance Identification of Grid-Forming Inverters Using Time and Frequency-Domain Techniques

The increasing integration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) into the power grid introduces new challenges, requiring detailed electromagnetic transient (EMT) studies to analyze system interactions. Despite these needs, access to the internal firmware of power electronic devices remains restricted due to stringent nondisclosure agreements enforced by manufacturers. To address this, we explore three system identification techniques: sweep frequency response analysis (SFRA), step excitation method (SEM), and eigensystem realization algorithm (ERA). SFRA employs sinusoidal signals of varying frequencies to measure the system's frequency response, while SEM and ERA utilize step functions to derive time-domain responses and transform them into Laplace-domain transfer functions. All three approaches are shown to provide consistent results in identifying the dq admittance of grid-forming inverters (GFM) over a frequency range of 1 Hz to 100 Hz.

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arXiv2023

Residual-Based Detection of Attacks in Cyber-Physical Inverter-Based Microgrids

This paper discusses the challenges faced by cyber-physical microgrids (MGs) due to the inclusion of information and communication technologies in their already complex, multi-layered systems. The work identifies a research gap in modeling and analyzing stealthy intermittent integrity attacks in MGs, which are designed to maximize damage and cancel secondary control objectives. To address this, the paper proposes a nonlinear residual-based observer approach to detect and mitigate such attacks. In order to ensure a stable operation of the MG, the formulation then incorporates stability constraints along with the detection observer. The proposed design is validated through case studies on a MG benchmark with four distributed generators, demonstrating its effectiveness in detecting attacks while satisfying network and stability constraints.

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arXiv2023

Lost at Sea: Assessment and Evaluation of Rootkit Attacks on Shipboard Microgrids

Increased dependence of the maritime industry on information and communication networks has made shipboard power systems vulnerable to stealthy cyber-attacks. One such attack variant, called rootkit, can leverage system knowledge to hide its presence and allow remotely located malware handlers to gain complete control of infected subsystems. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the threat landscape imposed by such attack variants on Medium Voltage DC (MVDC) shipboard microgrids, including a discussion of their impact on the overall maritime sector in general, and provides several simulation results to demonstrate the same. It also analyzes and presents the actions of possible defense mechanisms, with specific emphasis on evasion, deception, and detection frameworks, that will help ship operators and maritime cybersecurity professionals protect their systems from such attacks.

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arXiv2022

A Novel Observer-Centric Approach for Detecting Faults in Islanded AC Microgrids with Uncertainties

Fault detection is vital in ensuring AC microgrids' reliable and resilient operation. Its importance lies in swiftly identifying and isolating faults, preventing cascading failures, and enabling rapid power restoration. This paper proposes a strategy based on observers and residuals for detecting internal faults in grid-forming inverters with power-sharing coordination. The dynamics of the inverters are captured through a nonlinear state space model. The design of our observers and residuals considers $H_{-}/H_{\infty}$ conditions to ensure robustness against disturbances and responsiveness to faults. The proposed design is less restrictive than existing observer-based fault detection schemes by leveraging the properties of quadratic inner-boundedness and one-sided Lipschitz conditions. The internal faults considered in this paper include actuator faults, busbar faults, and inverter bridge faults, which are modeled using vector-matrix representations that modify the state space model of the inverters. One significant advantage of the proposed approach is its cost-effectiveness, as it does not require additional sensors. Experiments are conducted on an islanded AC microgrid with three inductive lines, four inductive loads, and four grid-forming inverters to validate the merits of the proposed fault detection strategy. The results demonstrate that our design outperforms existing methods in the field.

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