arXiv subjects

Andrew D. King

Publications and source records attributed to Andrew D. King.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2012

Optimal antithickenings of claw-free trigraphs

Chudnovsky and Seymour's structure theorem for claw-free graphs has led to a multitude of recent results that exploit two structural operations: {\em compositions of strips} and {\em thickenings}. In this paper we consider the latter, proving that every claw-free graph has a unique optimal {\em antithickening}, where our definition of {\em optimal} is chosen carefully to respect the structural foundation of the graph. Furthermore, we give an algorithm to find the optimal antithickening in $O(m^2)$ time. For the sake of both completeness and ease of proof, we prove stronger results in the more general setting of trigraphs.

cs.DM↗

arXiv2012

A note on hitting maximum and maximal cliques with a stable set

It was recently proved that any graph satisfying $ω> \frac 23(Δ+1)$ contains a stable set hitting every maximum clique. In this note we prove that the same is true for graphs satisfying $ω\geq \frac 23(Δ+1)$ unless the graph is the strong product of $K_{ω/2}$ and an odd hole. We also provide a counterexample to a recent conjecture on the existence of a stable set hitting every sufficiently large maximal clique.

cs.DM↗

arXiv2011

A local strengthening of Reed's ω, Δ, χ conjecture for quasi-line graphs

Reed's $ω$, $Δ$, $χ$ conjecture proposes that every graph satisfies $χ\leq \lceil\frac 12(Δ+1+ω)\rceil$; it is known to hold for all claw-free graphs. In this paper we consider a local strengthening of this conjecture. We prove the local strengthening for line graphs, then note that previous results immediately tell us that the local strengthening holds for all quasi-line graphs. Our proofs lead to polytime algorithms for constructing colourings that achieve our bounds: $O(n^2)$ for line graphs and $O(n^3m^2)$ for quasi-line graphs. For line graphs, this is faster than the best known algorithm for constructing a colouring that achieves the bound of Reed's original conjecture.

cs.DM↗

arXiv2011

A Fractional Analogue of Brooks' Theorem

Let $Δ(G)$ be the maximum degree of a graph $G$. Brooks' theorem states that the only connected graphs with chromatic number $χ(G)=Δ(G)+1$ are complete graphs and odd cycles. We prove a fractional analogue of Brooks' theorem in this paper. Namely, we classify all connected graphs $G$ such that the fractional chromatic number $χ_f(G)$ is at least $Δ(G)$. These graphs are complete graphs, odd cycles, $C^2_8$, $C_5\boxtimes K_2$, and graphs whose clique number $ω(G)$ equals the maximum degree $Δ(G)$. Among the two sporadic graphs, the graph $C^2_8$ is the square graph of cycle $C_8$ while the other graph $C_5\boxtimes K_2$ is the strong product of $C_5$ and $K_2$. In fact, we prove a stronger result; if a connected graph $G$ with $Δ(G)\geq 4$ is not one of the graphs listed above, then we have $χ_f(G)\leq Δ(G)- 2/67$.

math.CO↗

arXiv2011

Finding a smallest odd hole in a claw-free graph using global structure

A lemma of Fouquet implies that a claw-free graph contains an induced $C_5$, contains no odd hole, or is quasi-line. In this paper we use this result to give an improved shortest-odd-hole algorithm for claw-free graphs by exploiting the structural relationship between line graphs and quasi-line graphs suggested by Chudnovsky and Seymour's structure theorem for quasi-line graphs. Our approach involves reducing the problem to that of finding a shortest odd cycle of length $\geq 5$ in a graph. Our algorithm runs in $O(m^2+n^2\log n)$ time, improving upon Shrem, Stern, and Golumbic's recent $O(nm^2)$ algorithm, which uses a local approach. The best known recognition algorithms for claw-free graphs run in $O(m^{1.69}) \cap O(n^{3.5})$ time, or $O(m^2) \cap O(n^{3.5})$ without fast matrix multiplication.

cs.DM↗

arXiv2011

Asymptotics of the chromatic number for quasi-line graphs

As proved by Kahn, the chromatic number and fractional chromatic number of a line graph agree asymptotically. That is, for any line graph $G$ we have $χ(G) \leq (1+o(1))χ_f(G)$. We extend this result to quasi-line graphs, an important subclass of claw-free graphs. Furthermore we prove that we can construct a colouring that achieves this bound in polynomial time, giving us an asymptotic approximation algorithm for the chromatic number of quasi-line graphs.

cs.DM↗

arXiv2010

Hitting all maximum cliques with a stable set using lopsided independent transversals

Rabern recently proved that any graph with omega >= (3/4)(Delta+1) contains a stable set meeting all maximum cliques. We strengthen this result, proving that such a stable set exists for any graph with omega > (2/3)(Delta+1). This is tight, i.e. the inequality in the statement must be strict. The proof relies on finding an independent transversal in a graph partitioned into vertex sets of unequal size.

cs.DM↗