arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Ankush Sharma.
The study of fully light tetraquark states composed solely of the light quarks u, d, and s provides an essential framework to understand the underlying dynamics of low-energy Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). Within the framework of SU(3)f flavor symmetry, these states are classified into different multiplets, giving rise to a rich spectrum of non-strange, singly strange, doubly strange, and hidden-strangeness configurations.
This manuscript reports on the development and qualification of an ECDL-based, fiber-coupled laser system at a wavelength of {\lambda} = 698 nm for space applications. We designed and developed the optical and mechanical configuration, along with the laser driving and thermal management electronics, to meet space compatibility requirements. Validation tests were conducted on off-the-shelf components to assess their suitability for satellite deployment. The final system integrates all components into a compact design optimized for CubeSat platforms.
The study of exotic multi-quark states has garnered significant attention recently, particularly in heavy-quark dynamics within quantum chromodynamics (QCD). We perform a comprehensive spectroscopic analysis of fully heavy pentaquark states with quark configurations $cccc\bar{c}$ and $bbbb\bar{b}$, considering spin-parity quantum numbers $J^P = 1/2^-$, $3/2^-$, and $5/2^-$. We construct the color-spin wavefunctions to explore the internal structure and mixing effects in these exotic states. Using an extended form of the Gursey-Radicati mass formula by incorporating spin-dependent interactions, we calculated their mass spectra. The modification incorporates effective mass contributions and hyperfine interactions to improve the predictive power for these hadronic states. We systematically analyze their quantum numbers, including spin parity, isospin, and the eigenvalues of the quadratic Casimir operator, which characterize their symmetry properties. The calculated mass spectra are compared with existing theoretical predictions to assess the stability and possible decay channels of these states. The calculated mass spectra exhibit a strong dependence on the interplay between spin interactions and color configurations, shedding light on the binding mechanism within these fully heavy multiquark systems. To gain further insights into their stability and decay properties, we investigated their potential production modes from $b$-hadron decays. Our analysis identifies dominant strong decay channels, providing critical theoretical benchmarks for distinguishing these states in future LHCb or EIC experiments. This study offers new insights into the role of heavy-quark dynamics in exotic hadron spectroscopy, serving as a stringent test for effective QCD-based models and lattice QCD predictions.
We analyze the ground state pentaquark structures with a single heavy quark ($qqqq\Bar{Q}$) using various phenomenological models. The recent observations of singly heavy tetraquark structures at LHCb serve as a significant motivation for this investigation. We studied the symmetric 15-plet configuration of SU(3) flavor representation with the spin-parity assignment of $5/2^-$, representing the symmetric spin state for the pentaquark systems. We employed an extended Gursey-Radicati mass formula and an effective mass scheme to compute the mass spectra of pentaquark states. Additionally, the methodology of the screened charge scheme is introduced to calculate the magnetic moment assignments, specifically for configurations involving both charm and bottom quarks. We also proposed the potential production modes originating from the weak decay of heavy baryons. We identified the strong decay channels where pentaquark transitions into a light baryon and a heavy meson. Our analysis of mass spectra, magnetic moments, and possible strong decay channels helps us to explore the inner structure of pentaquarks and their underlying quark dynamics. This work not only augments the theoretical frameworks used to describe such systems but is also helpful for future experimental pursuits at facilities like LHCb, fostering further experimental validations and discoveries in heavy quark spectroscopy.
This work investigates the use of a fiber piano in controlling spatial modes in few mode fibers. It has been found that together with sub-optimal coupling into SMF-28 fibre and half and quarter waveplates, the fiber piano is capable of producing and reproducing desired spatial modes up to $LP_{11}$ when using 808 nm light and up to $LP_{21}$ when using 632.8 nm light. The control of spatial mode profile extends down to the single photon level. This is demonstrated with the help of correlated photon pairs generated via spontaneous parametric down conversion.
We carried out the systematic analysis of the $s$-wave triply heavy pentaquarks with possible configurations like $q\Bar{q}QQQ$ and $qqQQ\Bar{Q}$, ($q = u, d, s$ and $Q = c, b$ quarks). Special unitary representations are utilized to study the classification scheme for triply heavy configurations like $q\Bar{q}QQQ$ and $qqQQ\Bar{Q}$. We classified the $q\Bar{q}QQQ$-type pentaquarks into an octet and $qqQQ\Bar{Q}$-type pentaquarks into sextet configurations with the help of SU(3) flavor representation. Also, with the help of SU(2) spin representation, we studied the possible spin assignments ($\frac{1}{2}^-$, $\frac{3}{2}^-$, and $\frac{5}{2}^-$) for ground state triply heavy pentaquarks. Furthermore, we used the formalism of the extended Gursey-Radicati mass formula and effective mass scheme to estimate the masses of triply heavy pentaquarks. Additionally, we calculated the magnetic moment assignments using the effective mass and screened charge schemes. The predicted outcomes align well with the existing theoretical data and benefit future studies. Our work provides a comprehensive framework that combines the theoretical aspects of SU(3) and SU(2) symmetries with practical predictions for observables, offering a strong foundation for experimental verification. This integrated approach enhances our understanding of the complex interactions within triply heavy pentaquarks and underscores their potential role in probing deeper into the dynamics of the strong force. These findings are crucial for designing future high-energy experiments that directly observe these exotic states and confirm their properties, paving the way for new insights into quantum chromodynamics.
By taking into light the discovery of pentaquark structures like $P_{ψs}^Λ(4338)^0$, $P_c(4380)$ and $P_c(4450)$, we performed the spectroscopy of hidden-bottom pentaquarks. By utilizing special unitary representations, we systematically classified the hidden bottom pentaquarks into two distinct configurations within the SU(3) flavor representation: the octet and decuplet. In this study, we employed an extended version of the GR mass formula along with the effective mass scheme to provide estimations of the masses associated with hidden-bottom pentaquarks. Furthermore, we extend our analysis to estimate the magnetic moments using the effective mass scheme and screened charge scheme. Moreover, by employing the effective Lagrangian, we computed the partial widths for the octet configuration. This comprehensive analysis offers crucial insights into the decay mechanisms and lifetimes of these exotic particles, enhancing our understanding of their fundamental properties. Our findings, which include calculations of masses and magnetic moments, demonstrate reasonable agreement with existing theoretical predictions.
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning abilities, prompting interest in their application as black-box optimizers. This paper asserts that LLMs possess the capability for zero-shot optimization across diverse scenarios, including multi-objective and high-dimensional problems. We introduce a novel population-based method for numerical optimization using LLMs called Language-Model-Based Evolutionary Optimizer (LEO). Our hypothesis is supported through numerical examples, spanning benchmark and industrial engineering problems such as supersonic nozzle shape optimization, heat transfer, and windfarm layout optimization. We compare our method to several gradient-based and gradient-free optimization approaches. While LLMs yield comparable results to state-of-the-art methods, their imaginative nature and propensity to hallucinate demand careful handling. We provide practical guidelines for obtaining reliable answers from LLMs and discuss method limitations and potential research directions.
Motivated by the recent discovery of single heavy tetraquark structures, $T_{c\bar{s}0}^a (2900)^{++}$ and $T_{c\bar{s}0}^a(2900)^0$ by the LHCb collaboration, masses and magnetic moments of singly heavy pentaquark states are estimated in this work. To classify the singly heavy pentaquark structures, we employ the special unitary representation. By using the SU(3) flavor representation, we placed singly heavy pentaquark states into the allowed flavor multiples. Also, by using the extension of the Gursey-Radicati mass formula and the effective mass scheme, we estimated the masses of singly heavy pentaquark states. Further, magnetic moments of these states have been calculated using the effective mass and the screened charge techniques. A thorough comparison of our results shows reasonable agreement with the available theoretical data and may be helpful for future experimental studies.
In this work, the multiquark approach is used to analyze the spectroscopy of hidden-charm pentaquark states, motivated by recent discoveries at the LHCb collaboration. Using the SU(3) flavor representation, pentaquarks having $J^P = 5/2^-$ are arranged into 10 (decuplet) of the SU(3) flavor multiplets. The masses of pentaquarks are calculated using the extension of the Gursey-Radicati mass formula and the effective mass scheme. Also, we calculated the magnetic moments of the hidden-charm pentaquarks using the effective mass and shielded charge technique. Further, we suggested the possible production modes for $J^P = 5/2^-$ pentaquarks from the decay of bottom baryons, which consist of pentaquark states as intermediate states. Our results for masses demonstrate reasonable agreement with the available data and our analysis for both masses and magnetic moments may be useful for future experimental studies.
Tetraquark states are classified using the $SU(6)_{sf}$ spin-flavor symmetry and Young tableau technique. Further, by using the extension of Gursey-Radicati mass formula, masses of tetraquark states are predicted upto good level of accuracy. Also, Decay channels and decay widths of tetraquark states are calculated and found to be in good agreement with the experimental and available theoretical data.
Quantum random number generators are becoming mandatory in a demanding technology world of high performing learning algorithms and security guidelines. Our implementation based on principles of quantum mechanics enable us to achieve the required randomness. We have generated high-quality quantum random numbers from a weak coherent source at telecommunication wavelength. The entropy is based on time of arrival of quantum states within a predefined time interval. The detection of photons by the InGaAs single-photon detectors and high precision time measurement of 5 ps enables us to generate 16 random bits per arrival time which is the highest reported to date. We have presented the theoretical analysis and experimental verification of the random number generation methodology. The method eliminates the requirement of any randomness extractor to be applied thereby, leveraging the principles of quantum physics to generate random numbers. The output data rate is on an average of 2.4 Mbps. The raw quantum random numbers are compared with NIST prescribed Blum-Blum-Shub pseudo random number generator and an in-house built hardware random number generator from FPGA, on the ENT and NIST Platform.
Mutations in proteins can have deleterious effects on a protein's stability and function, which ultimately causes particular diseases. Genetically inherited muscular dystrophies (MDs) include several genetic diseases, which cause increasing weakness in muscles and disability to perform muscular functions progressively. Different types of mutations in the gene coding translates into defunct proteins cause different neuro-muscular diseases. Defunct protein interactions in human proteome may cause a stress to its neighboring proteins and its modules. We therefore aimed to understand the effects of mutated proteins on interacting partners in different muscular dystrophies utilizing network biology to understand system properties of these MDs subnetworks .We investigated rigidity and flexibility of protein-protein interaction subnetworks associated with causative mutated genes showing high mean interference values in muscular dystrophy. Rigid component related to EEF1A1 subnetwork and members of 14.3.3 protein family formed the core of network showed involvement in molecular function related to protein domain specific binding. CACNA1S and CALM1 showing functionality related to Voltage-dependent calcium channel demonstrated highest flexibility. The interconnected subnets of proteins corresponding to known causative genes having large genetic variants are shared in different muscular dystrophies inferred towards comorbidity in diseases. The studies demonstrates core network of MDs as highly rigid, constituting of large intermodular edges and interconnected hub nodes suggesting high information transfer flow. The core skeleton of the network is organized in protein specific domain binding. This suggests neuro-muscular disorders may initiate due to interruption in molecular function related with the core and its aggression may depend on the tolerance level of the networks.
Protein-protein interaction networks are useful for studying human diseases and to look for possible health care through a holistic approach. Networks are playing an increasing and important role in the understanding of physiological processes such as homeostasis, signaling, spatial and temporal organizations, and pathological conditions. In this article we show the complex system of interactions determined by human Sirtuins (Sirt) largely involved in many metabolic processes as well as in different diseases. The Sirtuin family consists of seven homologous Sirt-s having structurally similar cores but different terminal segments, being rather variable in length and/or intrinsically disordered. Many studies have determined their cellular location as well as biological functions although molecular mechanisms through which they act are actually little known. Therefore, the aim of this work was to define, explore and understand the Sirtuin-related human interactome. As a first step, we have integrated the experimentally determined protein-protein interactions of the Sirtuin-family as well as their first and second neighbors to a Sirtuin-related sub-interactome. Our data showed that the second-neighbor network of Sirtuins encompasses 25% of the entire human interactome, exhibits a scale-free degree distribution and interconnectedness among top degree nodes. Moreover, the Sirtuin sub interactome showed a modular structure around the core comprising mixed functions. Finally, we extracted from the Sirtuin sub-interactome subnets related to cancer, aging and post-translational modifications for information on key nodes and topological space of the subnets in Sirt family network.