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Antoine Van Proeyen

Publications and source records attributed to Antoine Van Proeyen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

Construction of the de Sitter supergravity

Recently, the complete action for an N=1 pure supergravity action in 4 dimensions that allows a positive, negative or zero cosmological constant has been constructed. The action is the generalization of a Volkov-Akulov action for the Goldstino coupled to supergravity. The construction uses a nilpotent multiplet. This paper is written in honour of Philippe Spindel. AVP enjoyed collaborations and many interactions with Philippe, who has always appreciated very precise derivations. We use this occasion to give a very detailed account of the calculations that lead to the published results. We review aspects of supersymmetry with de Sitter backgrounds, the treatment of auxiliary fields, and other ingredients in the construction.

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Tools for supersymmetry

This is an elementary introduction to basic tools of supersymmetry: the spacetime symmetries, gauge theory and its application in gravity, spinors and superalgebras. Special attention is devoted to conformal and anti-de Sitter algebras.

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$\overline{\rm D3}$ and dS

The role of the $\overline{\rm D3}$ brane in providing de Sitter vacua with spontaneously broken supersymmetry in the KKLT construction is clarified. The first step in this direction was explained in arXiv:hep-th/0301240, arXiv:hep-th/0308055: it was shown there that in the GKP background the bosonic contributions to the vacuum energy from the DBI and WZ term cancel for a D3 brane, but double for a $\overline{\rm D3}$ brane, leading to de Sitter vacua. The next step was taken in arXiv:1411.1121 where the analogous mechanism of the doubling (cancelation) of the $\overline{\rm D3}$ (D3) DBI and WZ terms was discovered in the presence of Volkov-Akulov fermions living on the brane, in a flat supergravity background. Here we confirm this mechanism of doubling/cancelation for the $\overline{\rm D3}$/D3 brane in the GKP supergravity background preserving $\mathcal{N}=1$, $d=4$ supersymmetry. We find that imaginary self-dual $G_{(3)}$ flux of type $(2,1)$ nicely removes the $SU(3)$ fermion triplet by giving it a large mass, while leaving the Volkov-Akulov goldstino, which is the $SU(3)$ singlet, massless. This makes the de Sitter landscape in D-brane physics clearly related to de Sitter vacua in effective $d=4$ supergravity with a nilpotent multiplet and spontaneously broken supersymmetry.

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A Search for an N=2 Inflaton Potential

We consider N=2 supergravity theories that have the same spectrum as the R+R^2 supergravity, as predicted from the off-shell counting of degrees of freedom. These theories describe standard N=2 supergravity coupled to one or two long massive vector multiplets. The central charge is not gauged in these models and they have a Minkowski vacuum with N=2 unbroken supersymmetry. The gauge symmetry, being non-compact, is always broken. $α$-deformed inflaton potentials are obtained, in the case of a single massive vector multiplet, with $α=1/3$ and $2/3$. The $α=1$ potential (i.e. the Starobinsky potential) is also obtained, but only at the prize of having a single massive vector and a residual unbroken gauge symmetry. The inflaton corresponds to one of the Cartan fields of the non-compact quaternionic-K{ä}hler cosets.

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On the Supersymmetric Completion of $R+R^2$ Gravity and Cosmology

We revisit and clarify the supersymmetric versions of $R+ R^2$ gravity, in view of the renewed interest to these models in cosmology. We emphasize that the content of the dual standard supergravity theory in the old minimal formulation necessarily includes two massive chiral multiplets, that we call the inflaton and the goldstino. We point out that the presence of these multiplets is model independent in the old minimal formulation and therefore any theory that contains a single chiral multiplet fails to be a supersymmetric generalization of the $R+R^2$ gravity. The supergravity interactions of the two chiral multiplets are encoded in a superpotential mass term and an arbitrary Kahler potential for the goldstino multiplet. The implication for cosmology of the supersymmetric $R+R^2$ gravity is also discussed.

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Superconformal symmetry and higher-derivative Lagrangians

Superconformal methods are useful to build invariant actions in supergravity. We have a good insight in the possibilities of actions that are at most quadratic in spacetime derivatives, but insight in general higher-derivative actions is missing. Recently higher-derivative actions got more attention for several applications. One of these is the understanding of finiteness of loop computations in supergravities. Divergences can only occur if invariant counterterms or anomalies exist. One can wonder whether conformal symmetry might also play a role in this context. In order to construct higher-derivative supergravities with the conformal methods, one should first get more insight in such rigid supersymmetric actions with extra fermionic symmetries. We show how Dirac--Born--Infeld actions with Volkov--Akulov supersymmetries can be constructed in all orders.

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Off-shell N=(1,0), D=6 supergravity from superconformal methods

We use the superconformal method to construct the full off-shell action of N=(1,0), D=6 supergravity, which has apart from the graviton and the gravitino, a 2-form gauge field, a dilaton and a symplectic Majorana spinor. We give detailed formula for superconformal expressions that can be useful for extensions of the theory to more matter multiplets or gauged supergravity.

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Weyl multiplets of N=2 conformal supergravity in five Dimensions

We construct the Weyl multiplets of N=2 conformal supergravity in five dimensions. We show that there exist two different versions of the Weyl multiplet, which contain the same gauge fields but differ in the matter field content: the Standard Weyl multiplet and the Dilaton Weyl multiplet. At the linearized level we obtain the transformation rules for the Dilaton Weyl multiplet by coupling it to the multiplet of currents corresponding to an on-shell vector multiplet. We construct the full non-linear transformation rules for both multiplets by gauging the D=5 superconformal algebra F^2(4). We show that the Dilaton Weyl multiplet can also be obtained by solving the equations of motion for an improved vector multiplet coupled to the Standard Weyl multiplet.

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Dirac-Born-Infeld-Volkov-Akulov and Deformation of Supersymmetry

We deform the action and the supersymmetry transformations of the d=10 and d=4 Maxwell supermultiplets so that at each order of the deformation the theory has 16 Maxwell multiplet deformed supersymmetries as well as 16 Volkov-Akulov type non-linear supersymmetries. The result agrees with the expansion in the string tension of the explicit action of the Dirac-Born-Infeld model and its supersymmetries, extracted from D9 and D3 superbranes, respectively. The half-maximal Dirac-Born-Infeld models with 8 Maxwell supermultiplet deformed supersymmetries and 8 Volkov-Akulov type supersymmetries are described by a new class of d=6 vector branes related to chiral (2,0) supergravity, which we denote as `Vp-branes'. We use a space-filling V5 superbrane for the d=6 model and a V3 superbrane for the d=4 half-maximal Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) models. In this way we present a completion to all orders of the deformation of the Maxwell supermultiplets with maximal 16+16 supersymmetries in d=10 and 4, and half-maximal 8+8 supersymmetries in d=6 and 4.

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Conjecture on Hidden Superconformal Symmetry of N=4 Supergravity

We argue that the observed UV finiteness of the 3-loop extended supergravities may be a manifestation of a hidden local superconformal symmetry of supergravity. We focus on the SU(2,2|4) dimensionless superconformal model. In Poincare gauge where the compensators are fixed to phi^2= 6 M_P^2 this model becomes a pure classical N=4 Einstein supergravity. We argue that in N=4 the higher-derivative superconformal invariants like phi^{-4}W^2 \bar W^2 and the consistent local anomaly delta (ln phi W^2) are not available. This conjecture on hidden local N=4 superconformal symmetry of Poincare supergravity may be supported by subsequent loop computations.

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Higher Derivative Extension of 6D Chiral Gauged Supergravity

Six-dimensional (1,0) supersymmetric gauged Einstein-Maxwell supergravity is extended by the inclusion of a supersymmetric Riemann tensor squared invariant. Both the original model as well as the Riemann tensor squared invariant are formulated off-shell and consequently the total action is off-shell invariant without modification of the supersymmetry transformation rules. In this formulation, superconformal techniques, in which the dilaton Weyl multiplet plays a crucial role, are used. It is found that the gauging of the U(1) R-symmetry in the presence of the higher-order derivative terms does not modify the positive exponential in the dilaton potential. Moreover, the supersymmetric Minkowski(4) x S^2 compactification of the original model, without the higher-order derivatives, is remarkably left intact. It is shown that the model also admits non-supersymmetric vacuum solutions that are direct product spaces involving de Sitter spacetimes and negative curvature internal spaces.

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Ingredients of supergravity

These notes give a summary of lectures given in Corfu in 2010 on basic ingredients in the study of supergravity. It also summarizes initial chapters of a forthcoming book `Supergravity' by the same authors.

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Symplectic gaugings and the field-antifield formalism

We give an example of how conventional gauging methods obstruct a systematic analysis of gauged supergravities. We discuss how the embedding tensor formalism deals with these problems and argue that the gauge algebra related to the embedding tensor formalism is soft, open and reducible. We connect the embedding tensor formalism to the field-antifield (or Batalin-Vilkovisky) formalism, which is the most general formulation known for gauge theories.

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Superconformal Symmetry, NMSSM, and Inflation

We identify a particularly simple class of supergravity models describing superconformal coupling of matter to supergravity. In these models, which we call the canonical superconformal supergravity (CSS) models, the kinetic terms in the Jordan frame are canonical, and the scalar potential is the same as in the global theory. The pure supergravity part of the total action has a local Poincare supersymmetry, whereas the chiral and vector multiplets coupled to supergravity have a larger local superconformal symmetry. The scale-free globally supersymmetric theories, such as the NMSSM with a scale-invariant superpotential, can be naturally embedded into this class of theories. After the supergravity embedding, the Jordan frame scalar potential of such theories remains scale free; it is quartic, it contains no mass terms, no nonrenormalizable terms, no cosmological constant. The local superconformal symmetry can be broken by additional terms, which, in the small field limit, are suppressed by the gravitational coupling. This can be achieved by introducing the nonminimal scalar-curvature coupling, and by taking into account interactions with a hidden sector. In this approach, the smallness of the mass parameters in the NMSSM may be traced back to the original superconformal invariance. This allows to address the μ-problem and the cosmological domain wall problem in this model, and to implement chaotic inflation in the NMSSM. We discuss the gravitino problem in the NMSSM inflation, as well as the possibility to obtain a broad class of new versions of chaotic inflation in supergravity.

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Jordan Frame Supergravity and Inflation in NMSSM

We present a complete explicit N=1, d=4 supergravity action in an arbitrary Jordan frame with non-minimal scalar-curvature coupling of the form $Φ(z, \bar z)\, R$. The action is derived by suitably gauge-fixing the superconformal action. The theory has a modified Kaehler geometry, and it exhibits a significant dependence on the frame function $Φ(z, \bar z)$ and its derivatives over scalars, in the bosonic as well as in the fermionic part of the action. Under certain simple conditions, the scalar kinetic terms in the Jordan frame have a canonical form. We consider an embedding of the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) gauge theory into supergravity, clarifying the Higgs inflation model recently proposed by Einhorn and Jones. We find that the conditions for canonical kinetic terms are satisfied for the NMSSM scalars in the Jordan frame, which leads to a simple action. However, we find that the gauge singlet field experiences a strong tachyonic instability during inflation in this model. Thus, a modification of the model is required to support the Higgs-type inflation.

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Generalized gaugings and the field-antifield formalism

We discuss the algebra of general gauge theories that are described by the embedding tensor formalism. We compare the gauge transformations dependent and independent of an invariant action, and argue that the generic transformations lead to an infinitely reducible algebra. We connect the embedding tensor formalism to the field-antifield (or Batalin-Vilkovisky) formalism, which is the most general formulation known for general gauge theories and their quantization. The structure equations of the embedding tensor formalism are included in the master equation of the field-antifield formalism.

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Electric/magnetic duality for chiral gauge theories with anomaly cancellation

We show that 4D gauge theories with Green-Schwarz anomaly cancellation and possible generalized Chern-Simons terms admit a formulation that is manifestly covariant with respect to electric/magnetic duality transformations. This generalizes previous work on the symplectically covariant formulation of anomaly-free gauge theories as they typically occur in extended supergravity, and now also includes general theories with (pseudo-)anomalous gauge interactions as they may occur in global or local N=1 supersymmetry. This generalization is achieved by relaxing the linear constraint on the embedding tensor so as to allow for a symmetric 3-tensor related to electric and/or magnetic quantum anomalies in these theories. Apart from electric and magnetic gauge fields, the resulting Lagrangians also feature two-form fields and can accommodate various unusual duality frames as they often appear, e.g., in string compactifications with background fluxes.

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Vector Supersymmetry from OSp(3,2|2): Casimir Operators

In this paper we briefly review the main results obtained in arXiv:0812.1982, where some algebraic properties of the 'vector supersymmetry' (VSUSY) algebra have been studied. VSUSY is a graded extension of the Poincare' algebra in 4 dimensions with two central charges. We derive all independent Casimir operators of VSUSY and we find two distinct spin-related operators in the case of nonvanishing central charges. One is the analogue of superspin for VSUSY and the other is a new spin, called C-spin, whose value is fixed to 1/2. We also show that the VSUSY algebra and its Casimir operators can be derived by an Inonu-Wigner contraction from OSp(3,2|2). This paper is based on the talk given in Varna, Bulgaria, during the 4-th EU RTN Workshop 2008.

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