arXiv subjects

Antonio Amariti

Publications and source records attributed to Antonio Amariti.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

On Grey Galaxies and D3-branes on the Conifold

We study the effective potentials for various probe D-branes surrounding AdS$_5$ black holes in consistent truncations of type IIB supergravity on Sasaki-Einstein 5-manifolds $Y^{p,q}$, focusing in particular on the conifold base $T^{1,1}$. The probes are either dual Giant Gravitons having support on AdS spacetime dimensions or D3 probe branes wrapped on non-contractible cycles of the internal manifold, which then appear "point-like" in the AdS spacetime. The non-contractible cycles of $T^{1,1}$ and $Y^{p,q}$ topologically stabilize the branes at a finite size, and we find stable supersymmetric wrapped D3 branes on Gutowski-Reall black holes, effectively providing a stable BPS composite system in AdS$_5$ made by a black hole surrounded by a baryonic condensate. We show that the onset of superradiance in the black hole backgrounds matches the emergence of stable minima in the probe effective potentials, extending the constructions of Dual Dressed Black Holes and the Grey Galaxies. We comment on the relevance of this result for recent studies concerning the classical cohomology problem and the associated fortuitous states in the dual Klebanov-Witten theory.

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arXiv2026

Six Easy Pieces: interplays among dualities in 4d, 3d and 2d

In this paper we consider 4d $\mathcal{N}=1$ $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ gauge theories with $N+1$ fundamentals, five antifundamentals and a conjugate two index antisymmetric tensor. The model has been shown to be in a mixed phase in the IR, splitting in an interacting non-Abelian Coulomb phase and a free magnetic phase. Through tensor deconfinement, we show that baryonic deformations lead to a non-Abelian free magnetic phase. Along the analysis we obtain a duality with symplectic SQCD that can be further reduced to 3d and 2d. In the 3d case the analysis of the three sphere partition function allows one to obtain dualities between $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ with a two index symmetric tensor and $\mathrm{SO}(N)$ theories. On the other hand, in 2d we recover dualities already known in the literature and propose new ones between special unitary and symplectic gauge theories.

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arXiv2026

New Bethe vacua for $\mathcal{N}=2$ elliptic models

We study the superconformal index of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ elliptic models through the Bethe Ansatz approach, where the index is evaluated as a sum of vacua arising from a set of transcendental equations. Starting from the known discrete solutions of these equations, that we refer to as progenitors, we show that there exist large classes of new descendant solutions. We then show that the solutions can be organized into orbits of the S-duality group, mimicking its action on the massive vacua of the $\mathcal{N}=1^*$ deformations of the elliptic spin Calogero-Moser models. In this way we generalize the results already obtained for $\mathcal{N}=4$ $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ SYM, where a relation between the discrete solutions to the Bethe Ansatz Equations and the massive vacua of its $\mathcal{N}=1^*$ massive deformation was conjectured. We conclude our analysis by determining the contributions of the new descendant solutions to the index.

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arXiv2026

Overlooking 3d dualities from mezzanines and balconies

We derive new 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ dualities with $\mathrm{U}(N)$ gauge groups involving pairs of two-index tensors interacting through a quartic superpotential, (anti)-fundamentals and possibly an adjoint. A strong hint for their validity follows from T-duality on brane setups with O6 planes and stacks of multiple NS fivebranes. These setups engineer two families of 4d models known in the literature as mezzanine and balcony of type $A_k$ and $D_{k+2}$. In 4d these models admit a generalization of Seiberg duality, tested also at the brane level. We study the reduction of such dualities from both the brane and the field theory perspective and we establish the matching of the three-sphere partition functions, assuming the validity of the 4d superconformal indices. The latter is achieved through a double scaling limit, whose structure is dictated by the brane picture, and it requires the validity of new 3d confining dualities for quivers with two gauge nodes. Moreover we provide a proof of these confining dualities via the tensor deconfinement technique.

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arXiv2026

$N^{3/2}$ Scaling from $3d$ $\mathcal{N}=2$ Dualities: an Alternative Approach to Chiral Quivers

We investigate families of 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ chiral quiver gauge theories conjectured to be dual to M2-branes probing toric SE$_7$ singularities. Geometrically, these families correspond to toric diagrams without internal points. At the field theory level, the models are constructed via an un-higgsing procedure applied to non-chiral quivers. While the moduli space of these theories was shown to match M-theory expectations, determining the $N^{3/2}$ scaling of the free energy remained an open problem for over a decade, with positive results emerging only very recently. In this work, we address this challenge by reformulating the three-sphere partition function as a hyperbolic hypergeometric integral. Using exact integral identities, we show that the free energy reduces precisely to that of non-chiral quivers with chiral flavors, for which the $N^{3/2}$ scaling is already established. Physically, this mathematical identity corresponds to the equivalence of three-sphere partition functions under a generalization of Giveon-Kutasov duality to chiral quivers. Our results thus provide a large $N$ duality between the chiral quivers and non-chiral quivers with chiral flavors, confirming the $N^{3/2}$ scaling for the chiral quivers under study.

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arXiv2025

4d/3d reduction of dualities with O6

We consider $\mathrm{U}(N)$ gauge theories with a pair of two-index tensors interacting through a quartic superpotential, in addition to fundamentals and antifundamentals. The models have a brane engineering in terms of NS, D4, D6 branes and an O6 plane. Depending on the representation of the tensorial matter we have either an O6$^{+}$ plane, an O6$^{-}$ plane or a combined state of O6$^{+}$ and O6$^{-}$, with the addition of 8 semi-infinite half-D6 branes, where the last case realizes a chiral theory. The 4d IR duality is realized through an HW transition in the brane description. Here we study the circle reduction of these dualities from the brane perspective by T-dualizing along the compact direction. We then compare the results against the one obtained from field theoretical considerations and from localization, finding a precise agreement. When we consider the reduction of the 4d superconformal index to the 3d squashed three sphere partition function we observe that it is not always possible to obtain convergent 3d result with the standard reduction prescription, and that the double scaling limit is necessary.

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arXiv2025

Dualities from dualities in 2d $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$

We propose 2d $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ dualities between SU(N) gauge theories with fundamental and antisymmetric chiral matter and Landau-Ginzburg theories with chiral and Fermi multiplets. Many of these dualities can be derived by topologically twisting 4d s-confining gauge theories on a two-sphere, with integer non-negative $R$ charges. We provide various checks of the dualities, showing that they descend from more "basic" dualities, similarly to analogous derivations in higher dimensions. The proof are based on the fact that the antisymmetric tensors can be traded with USp(2n) gauge theories with fundamental chirals, mimicking the higher dimensional mechanism known as tensor deconfinement. The quivers obtained in this way can be shown to be dual to LG models after applying other elementary "basic" dualities.

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arXiv2025

On the zoology of 2d $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ dualities of gauge theories with antisymmetric matter

In this paper we investigate and propose new dualities involving 2d gauge theories with $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ supersymmetry. In the first part of the paper we focus on $\mathrm{SU}(n)$ gauge theories with two antisymmetric chirals. The gauge theories are non-anomalous if we consider, in addition to such matter content, $n_f$ fundamental and $n_a$ antifundamental chirals, provided the constraint $n_f+n_a=4$. By exploring the five possibile scenarios arising from this constraint we provide in each case evidences of a dual LG description, by matching the 't Hooft anomalies and deriving the relation between the elliptic genera in terms of other more fundamental dualities. In the second part of the paper we provide a 4d origin for a gauge/LG duality already stated in the literature, that does not descend from any known s-confining duality. In the last part of the paper we focus on dualities for $\mathrm{SU}(n)$ and $\mathrm{USp}(2n)$ models with antisymmetric Fermi multiplets, obtained from dimensional reduction of 4d parent dualities.

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arXiv2025

A - BCD dualities

In this paper we propose 4d and 3d dualities among special unitary gauge theories with fundamentals and antisymmetric flavors and symplectic or orthogonal gauge theories with fundamentals and two index tensor matter. The various dualities originate from a conjectured 4d self-duality for $SU(N)$ with an antisymmetric and four fundamental flavors. While we provide a proof of such self duality for $SU(4)$, we focus on baryonic deformations for the cases at higher ranks. The deformations give rise to RG flows, deforming the self duality into new types of dualities, involving $SU(N)$ and $USp(2M)$ gauge theories, where the precise value of $M$ depends on the baryonic deformation. We provide strong checks on the validity of these dualities, by proving the integral identities among their superconformal index. By dimensional reduction on a circle, real mass flows and other deformations we then find a rich set of new dualities in 3d. These dualities are first conjectured from localization, by the application of the duplication formula for the one loop determinants of the matter fields, and then they are proved by using the tensor deconfinement technique.

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arXiv2025

Universal Cardy-Like Behavior of 3D Partition Functions from Supersymmetric Localization

We investigate 3d $\mathscr{N}=2$ supersymmetric gauge theories on $S^1 \times S^2$ and the corresponding 2d effective field theories arising in the limit of small ratio of radii, $β=R_{S^1}/R_{S^2}\to 0$. We evaluate the exact partition function of these theories in the framework of supersymmetric localization on curved backgrounds. As a result, we establish a finite-$N$ map between a particular, superconformal-index-inspired partition function and the topologically twisted index. Taking the large-$N$ limit of the partition functions, we reproduce the entropy functions of either spherically symmetric, magnetically charged, or rotating, electrically charged asymptotically AdS$_4$ black holes. We then recast the problem of evaluating the 3d partition functions directly in the framework of rigid supersymmetry. By carefully tracking the background fields, we find that in the small-$β$ limit, the partition functions of these 3d large-$N$ superconformal field theories have a universal behavior related to the coefficients of the R-symmetry or flavor symmetry 2-point current correlation functions, thus obtaining a universal Cardy-like formula for 3d $\mathscr{N}=2$ superconformal field theories.

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arXiv2025

Exact results on the Bethe Ansatz evaluation of the SCI

We evaluate the superconformal index using the Bethe Ansatz (BA) approach for 4d $\mathcal{N}=1$ toric quiver gauge theories with a small amount of gauge groups. We restrict to $\mathrm{SU}(2)$ gauge factors and compare the results with the ones obtained by a direct evaluation of the index. The answer obtained from the BA approach using only discrete solutions for the BA equations does not always reproduce the direct evaluation result. A similar problem affects the case of $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM for $N \geq 3$, and it requires to introduce continuous solutions to the BA equations. However, we find that for $T^{1,1}$ and partially for the suspended pinch point the matching is exact in absence of the contributions from continuous solutions.

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arXiv2025

Confinement for 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ $SU(N)$ with a Symmetric tensor

In this paper we study 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ $SU(N)$ confining gauge theories with a matter field in the rank-two index symmetric representation. The models found here are obtained from the application of the duplication formula for hyperbolic gamma functions from \emph{parent} confining models, with antisymmetric fields and (anti)-fundamental matter by \emph{freezing} some of the mass parameters for the latter. We find a series of identities that can give rise to candidate confining theories with $SU(N)$ gauge group, a symmetric tensor and in addition other charged matter fields, in general with a non-vanishing superpotential. We provide for each case further checks of the proposed dualities, by studying the Coulomb branch and by deconfining the tensorial matter by using other known 3d dualities. From the final picture a refined classification emerges, distinguishing the confining theories obtained in the paper in classes with common properties.

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arXiv2025

Rank-two tensors and deconfinement in 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ $SU(N)$ gauge theories

In this paper we study the IR dynamics of $SU(N)$ gauge theories with four supercharges in 3d in presence of symmetric or antisymmetric tensor. Using the tensor deconfinement technique we provide some proofs of results previously claimed in the literature about confining dualities for $SU(N)$ with two antisymmetric tensors. Furthermore we study 3d confining dualities with symmetric tensors and linear monopole superpotentials. These confining dualities have been obtained by applying the duplication formula for the hyperbolic Gamma functions on effective dualities on $\mathbb{R}^{1,2} \times S^1$ with $SU(N)$ gauge groups and antisymmetric tensors. We conclude the analysis providing an alternative derivation, again using the tensor deconfinement technique.

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arXiv2024

The ABCDEFGJK of maximally strongly coupled $\mathcal{N}=2$ SCFTs

We classify all possible charge lattices and 1-form symmetry groups for $\mathcal{N}=2$ SCFTs with characteristic dimension $\varkappa \neq \{1,2\}$. For rank-$r$ SCFTs that are not stacks of lower rank theories the order of the 1-form symmetry group can be 1,2,3,4 and $r+1$. As an application of the classification we show that $\mathcal{N}=2$ $S$-folds and Minahan-Nemeschansky SCFTs have trivial 1-form symmetry. We find two sporadic lattices compatible with the Coulomb branch geometries $\mathbb{C}^5/G_{33}$ and $\mathbb{C}^6/G_{34}$ that are not realized by any known SCFT. The former, if realized, would have a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ 1-form symmetry and a non-invertible topological defect.

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arXiv2024

Cardy matches Bethe on the Surface: a Tale of a Brane and a Black Hole

We consider the insertion of a Gukov-Witten surface defect in $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM corresponding to a probe D3-brane in the holographic dual setup. The defect gives rise to a $4d$-$2d$ coupled system encoding the entropy of the dual perturbed black hole, which can be extracted from the corresponding Superconformal Index. Elaborating on previous studies, we refine the results using both a saddle-point and a Bethe-Ansatz approach. The consistency of our computation is corroborated by the complete agreement between the two results in the appropriate regime of fugacities. Eventually, the sub-leading structure, emerging from our analysis, provides a suggestive EFT interpretation for the addition of the defect to the $4d$ system, mirroring the behavior of the probe D3-brane in the gravity dual.

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arXiv2024

A double scaling for the 4d/3d reduction of $\mathcal{N}=1$ dualities

In this paper we revisit the $S^1$ reduction of 4d $\mathcal{N}=1$ gauge theories, considering a double scaling on the radius of the circle and on the real masses arising from the global symmetries in the compactification. We discuss the implication of this double scaling for SQCD with gauge algebra of ABCD type. We then show how our prescription translates in the reduction of the 4d superconformal index to the 3d squashed three sphere partition function. This allows us to derive the expected integral identities for the 3d dualities directly from the four dimensional ones. This is relevant for the study of orthogonal SQCD, where the derivation from the 4d index is not possible in absence of the double scaling, because of a divergence due to a flat direction in the Coulomb branch of the effective theory on the circle. Furthermore, we obtain, for the even orthogonal case, a 3d duality with a quadratic fundamental monopole superpotential already discussed in the literature, that receives in this way an explanation from 4d.

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arXiv2024

Exceptional S-fold SCFTs are almost trivial

We study 4d exceptional S-fold SCFTs obtained from the 6d $(2,0)$ theories of type $E_{6,7,8}$. We show that all but one of these theories are discrete gaugings of free theories because they do not admit a consistent charge lattice. We compute the 1-form symmetry of the only interacting theory, the $k=4$ exceptional S-fold SCFT of type $E_8$, and find that it is trivial. Along the way we develop a consistency condition for the Coulomb Branch stratification of $\mathcal{N}=2$ SCFTs with characteristic dimension $\varkappa \neq \{1,2\}$ and show that the triviality of (most) exceptional S-fold SCFTs follows directly from this constraint.

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arXiv2024

A new 4d $\mathcal{N}=1$ duality from the superconformal index

In this paper we propose a physical derivation of a 4d conjectural duality for $USp(2N)$ with an anti-symmetric rank-two tensor and fundamental flavors, in presence of a non-trivial superpotential. This duality has been conjectured as a consequence of an exact identity between the superconformal indices of the two phases, proved in the mathematical literature. Here we show that the duality can be derived by a combined sequence of known dualities, deconfinement of tensor matter, RG flow and Higgsing. Furthermore, by following these steps on the superconformal index, we provide an alternative derivation of the integral identity as well.

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