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Anzhong Wang

Publications and source records attributed to Anzhong Wang.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
arXiv2002

Collapse of a Scalar Field in 2+1 Gravity

We consider the problem of critical gravitational collapse of a scalar field in 2+1 dimensions with spherical (circular) symmetry. After surveying all the analytic, continuously self-similar solutions and considering their global structure, we examine their perturbations with the intent of understanding which are the critical solutions with a single unstable mode. The critical solution which we find is the one which agrees most closely with that found in numerical evolutions. However, the critical exponent which we find does not seem to agree with the numerical result.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2002

Thick de Sitter 3-Branes, Dynamic Black Holes and Localization of Gravity

The embedding of a thick de Sitter 3-brane into a five-dimensional bulk is studied, assuming a scalar field with potential is present in the bulk. A class of solutions is found in closed form that can represent a thick de Sitter 3-brane interpolating either between two dynamical black holes with a $R \times S_{4}$ topology or between two Rindler-like spacetimes with a $R_{2}\times S_{3}$ topology. The gravitational field is localized in a small region near the center of the 3-brane. The analysis of graviton fluctuations shows that a zero mode exists and separates itself from a set of continuous modes by a mass gap. The existence of such a mass gap is shown to be universal. The scalar perturbations are also studied and shown to be stable.

hep-th↗
arXiv2001

Critical Phenomena in Gravitational Collapse: The Studies So Far

Studies of black hole formation from gravitational collapse have revealed interesting non-linear phenomena at the threshold of black hole formation. In particular, in 1993 Choptuik studied the collapse of a massless scalar field with spherical symmetry and found some behaviour, which is quite similar to the critical phenomena well-known in {\em Statistical Mechanics} and {\em Quantum Field Theory}. Universality and echoing of the critical solution and power-law scaling of the black hole masses have given rise to the name {\em Critical Phenomena in Gravitational Collapse}. Choptuik's results were soon confirmed both numerically and semi-analytically, and have extended to various other matter fields. In this paper, we shall give a brief introduction to this fascinating and relatively new area, and provides an updated publication list. An analytical "toy" model of critical collapse is presented, and some current investigations are given.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2000

Dynamics of Rotating Cylindrical Shells in General Relativity

Cylindrical spacetimes with rotation are studied using the Newmann-Penrose formulas. By studying null geodesic deviations the physical meaning of each component of the Riemann tensor is given. These spacetimes are further extended to include rotating dynamic shells, and the general expression of the surface energy-momentum tensor of the shells is given in terms of the discontinuation of the first derivatives of the metric coefficients. As an application of the developed formulas, a stationary shell that generates the Lewis solutions, which represent the most general vacuum cylindrical solutions of the Einstein field equations with rotation, is studied by assuming that the spacetime inside the shell is flat. It is shown that the shell can satisfy all the energy conditions by properly choosing the parameters appearing in the model, provided that $ 0 \le σ\le 1$, where $σ$ is related to the mass per unit length of the shell.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2000

Gravitational Collapse of Cylindrical Shells Made of Counter-Rotating Dust Particles

The general formulas of a non-rotating dynamic thin shell that connects two arbitrary cylindrical regions are given using Israel's method. As an application of them, the dynamics of a thin shell made of counter-rotating dust particles, which emits both gravitational waves and massless particles when it is expanding or collapsing, is studied. It is found that when the models represent a collapsing shell, in some cases the angular momentum of the dust particles is strong enough to halt the collapse, so that a spacetime singularity is prevented from forming, while in other cases it is not, and a line-like spacetime singularity is finally formed on the symmetry axis.

gr-qc↗
arXiv1999

Gravitational Collapse of Perfect Fluid in N-Dimensional Spherically Symmetric Spacetimes

The Riemann, Ricci and Einstein tensors for N-dimensional spherically symmetric spacetimes in various systems of coordinates are studied, and the general metric for conformally flat spacetimes is given. As an application, all the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker-like solutions for a perfect fluid with an equation of state $p = k ρ$ are found. Then, these solutions are used to model the gravitational collapse of a compact ball, by first cutting them along a timelike hypersurface and then joining them with asymptotically flat Vaidya solutions. It is found that when the collapse has continuous self-similarity, the formation of black holes always starts with zero mass, and when the collapse has no such symmetry, the formation of black holes always starts with a finite non-zero mass.

gr-qc↗
arXiv1999

On the Levi-Civita solutions with cosmological constant

The main properties of the Levi-Civita solutions with the cosmological constant are studied. In particular, it is found that some of the solutions need to be extended beyond certain hypersurfaces in order to have geodesically complete spacetimes. Some extensions are considered and found to give rise to black hole structure but with plane symmetry. All the spacetimes that are not geodesically complete are Petrov type D, while in general the spacetimes are Petrov type I.

gr-qc↗
arXiv1999

Generalized Vaidya Solutions

A large family of solutions, representing, in general, spherically symmetric Type II fluid, is presented, which includes most of the known solutions to the Einstein field equations, such as, the monopole-de Sitter-charged Vaidya ones.

gr-qc↗
arXiv1999

Late-time evolution of the Yang-Mills field in the spherically symmetric gravitational collapse

We investigate the late-time evolution of the Yang-Mills field in the self-gravitating backgrounds: Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordström spacetimes. The late-time power-law tails develop in the three asymptotic regions: the future timelike infinity, the future null infinity and the black hole horizon. In these two backgrounds, however, the late-time evolution has quantitative and qualitative differences. In the Schwarzschild black hole background, the late-time tails of the Yang-Mills field are the same as those of the neutral massless scalar field with multipole moment l=1. The late-time evolution is dominated by the spacetime curvature. When the background is the Reissner-Nordström black hole, the late-time tails have not only a smaller power-law exponent, but also an oscillatory factor. The late-time evolution is dominated by the self-interacting term of the Yang-Mills field. The cause responsible for the differences is revealed.

gr-qc↗
arXiv1998

Gravitational Collapse of Perfect Fluid

The spherical gravitational collapse of a compact packet consisting of perfect fluid is studied. The spacetime outside the fluid packet is described by the out-going Vaidya radiation fluid. It is found that when the collapse has continuous self-similarity the formation of black holes always starts with zero mass, and when the collapse has no self-similarity, the formation of black holes always starts with a finite non-zero mass. The packet is usually accompanied by a thin matter shell. The effects of the shell on the collapse are also studied.

gr-qc↗
arXiv1998

Instability of cosmological event horizons of nonstatic global cosmic strings II: perturbations of gravitational waves and massless scalar field

The stability of the cosmological event horizons (CEHs) of a class of non-static global cosmic strings is studied against perturbations of gravitational waves and massless scalar field. It is found that the perturbations of gravitational waves always turn the CEHs into non-scalar weak spacetime curvature singularities, while the ones of massless scalar field turn the CEHs either into non-scalar weak singularities or into scalar ones depending on the particular cases considered. The perturbations of test massless scalar field is also studied, and it is found that they do not always give the correct prediction.

gr-qc↗
arXiv1998

Spherical Self-Similar Solutions in Einstein-Multi-Scalar Gravity

We consider a general non-linear sigma model coupled to Einstein gravity and show that in spherical symmetry and for a simple realization of self-similarity, the spacetime can be completely determined. We also examine some more specific matter models and discuss their relation to critical collapse.

gr-qc↗
arXiv1997

Gravitational collapse of massless scalar field and radiation fluid

Several classes of conformally-flat and spherically symmetric exact solutions to the Einstein field equations coupled with either a massless scalar field or a radiation fluid are given, and their main properties are studied. It is found that some represent the formation of black holes due to the gravitational collapse of the matter fields. When the spacetimes have continuous self-similarity (CSS), the masses of black holes take a scaling form $M_{BH} \propto (P - P^{*})^γ$, where $γ= 0.5$ for massless scalar field and $γ= 1$ for radiation fluid. The reasons for the difference between the values of $γ$ obtained here and those obtained previously are discussed. When the spacetimes have neither CSS nor DSS (Discrete self-similarity), the masses of black holes always turn on with finite non-zero values.

gr-qc↗
arXiv1997

On the sources of static plane symmetric vacuum space-times

The static vacuum plane spacetimes are considered, which have two non-trivial solutions: The Taub solution and the Rindler solution. Imposed reflection symmetry, we find that the source for the Taub solution does not satisfy any energy conditions, which is consistent with previous studies, while the source for the Rindler solution satisfies the weak and strong energy conditions (but not the dominant one). It is argued that the counterpart of the Einstein theory to the gravitational field of a massive Newtonian plane should be described by the Rindler solution, which represents also a uniform gravitational field.

gr-qc↗
arXiv1997

Instability of cosmological event horizons of non-static global cosmic strings

The stability of the cosmological event horizons found recently by Gregory [Phys. Rev. D54, 4955 (1996)] for a class of non-static global cosmic strings is studied. It is shown that they are not stable to both test particles and physical perturbations. In particular, the back reaction of the perturbations of null dust fluids will turn them into spacetime singularities. The resulted singularities are strong in the sense that the distortion of test particles diverges logarithmically when these singular hypersurfaces are approaching.

gr-qc↗
arXiv1996

Critical phenomena of collapsing massless scalar wave packets

An analytical model that represents the collapse of a massless scalar wave packet with continuous self-similarity is constructed, and critical phenomena are found. In the supercritical case, the mass of black holes is finite and has the form $M \propto (p - p^{*})^γ$, with $γ= 1/2$.

gr-qc↗