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Aram L. Karakhanyan

Publications and source records attributed to Aram L. Karakhanyan.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

On the weak formulation of Prandtl's minimum drag problem

We study Prandtl's classical problem on minimising the induced drag for a finite wing with fixed span. The induced drag is given by a singular quadratic functional of the circulation, with admissible functions satisfying the prescribed lift and second-moment conditions. We formulate the problem in the fractional Sobolev space \(H^{1/2}\), which is the natural energy space for the functional, prove existence and uniqueness of minimisers by variational methods, and derive the corresponding Euler--Lagrange equation. % Passing to a periodic formulation on the one-dimensional torus, we identify the drag functional with the quadratic form of the half-Laplacian and solve the resulting singular integral equation explicitly and recover Prandtl's bell-shaped circulation profile.

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arXiv2019

A geometric approach to regularity for nonlinear free boundary problems with finite Morse index

Let $u$ be a weak solution of the free boundary problem $$\mathcal L u=λ_0 \mathcal H^1\lfloor\partial\{u>0\}, u\ge 0,$$ where $\mathcal L u={\text{div}}(g(\nabla u)\nabla u)$ is a quasilinear elliptic operator and $g(ξ)$ is a given function of $ξ$ satisfying some structural conditions. We prove that the free boundary $\partial\{ u>0\}$ is continuously differentiable in $\mathbb R^2$, provided that $\partial\{ u>0\}$ has locally finite connectivity. Moreover, we show that the free boundaries of weak solutions with finite $\it{Morse \ index}$ must have finite connectivity. The weak solutions are locally Lipschitz continuous and non-degenerate stationary points of the Alt-Caffarelli type functional $J[u]=\int_ΩF(\nabla u)+Q^2χ_{\{ u>0\}}$. The full regularity of the free boundary is not fully understood even for the {\it minimizers} of $J[u]$ in the simplest case $g(ξ)=|ξ|^{p-2}, p>1$, partly because the methods from the classical case $p=2$ cannot be generalized to the full range of $p$. Our method, however, is very geometric and works even for the $ stationary\ points$ of the functional $J[u]$ for a large class of nonlinearities $F$.

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arXiv2019

Limit behaviour of a singular perturbation problem for the biharmonic operator

We study here a singular perturbation problem of biLaplacian type, which can be seen as the biharmonic counterpart of classical combustion models. We provide different results, that include the convergence to a free boundary problem driven by a biharmonic operator, as introduced in a previous paper of ours, and a monotonicity formula in the plane. For the latter result, an important tool is provided by an integral identity that is satisfied by solutions of the singular perturbation problem. We also investigate the quadratic behaviour of solutions near the zero level set, at least for small values of the perturbation parameter. Some counterexamples to the uniform regularity are also provided if one does not impose some structural assumptions on the forcing term.

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arXiv2017

$K$-surfaces with free boundaries

A well-known question in classical differential geometry and geometric analysis asks for a description of possible boundaries of $K$-surfaces, which are smooth, compact hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{R}^d$ having constant Gauss curvature equal to $K \geq 0$. This question generated a considerable amount of remarkable results in the last few decades. Motivated by these developments here we study the question of determining a $K$-surface when only part of its boundary is fixed, and in addition the surface hits a given manifold at some fixed angle. While this general setting is out of reach for us at the present, we settle a model case of the problem, which in its analytic formulation reduces to a Bernoulli type free boundary problem for the Monge-Ampère equation. We study both the cases of 0-curvature and of positive curvature. The formulation of the free boundary condition and its regularity are the most delicate and challenging questions addressed in this work. In this regard we introduce a notion of a Blaschke extension of a solution which might be of independent interest. The problem we study can also be interpreted as the Alt-Caffarelli problem for the Monge-Ampère equation. Moreover, it also relates to the problem of isometric embedding of a positive metric on the annulus with partially prescribed boundary and optimal transport with free mass.

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arXiv2017

Remarks on the thin obstacle problem and constrained Ginibre ensembles

We consider the problem of constrained Ginibre ensemble with prescribed portion of eigenvalues on a given curve $Γ\subset \mathbb R^2$ and relate it to a thin obstacle problem. The key step in the proof is the $H^1$ estimate for the logarithmic potential of the equilibrium measure. The coincidence set has two components: one in $Γ$ and another one in $\mathbb R^2\setminus Γ$ which are well separated. Our main result here asserts that this obstacle problem is well posed in $H^1(\mathbb R^2)$ which improves previous results in $H^1_{loc}(\mathbb R^2)$.

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arXiv2016

Potential theoretic approach to Schauder estimates for the fractional Laplacian

We present an elementary approach for the proof of Schauder estimates for the equation $(-Δ)^s u(x)=f(x), \,0<s<1$, with $f$ having a modulus of continuity $ω_f$, based on the Poisson representation formula and dyadic ball approximation argument. We give the explicit modulus of continuity of $u$ in balls $B_r(x)\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ in terms of $ω_f$.

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arXiv2015

Blaschke's rolling ball theorem and the Trudinger-Wang monotone bending

We revisit the classical rolling ball theorem of Blaschke for convex surfaces with positive curvature and show that it is linked to another inclusion principle in the optimal mass transportation theory due to Trudinger and Wang. We also discuss an application to reflector antennae design problem.

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arXiv2015

Stratification of free boundary points for a two-phase variational problem

In this paper we study the two-phase Bernoulli type free boundary problem arising from the minimization of the functional $$ J(u):=\int_Ω|\nabla u|^p +λ_+^p\,χ_{\{u>0\}} +λ_-^p\,χ_{\{u\le 0\}}, \quad 1 0$. We prove the following dichotomy: if $x_0$ is a free boundary point then either the free boundary is smooth near $x_0$ or $u$ has linear growth at $x_0$. Furthermore, we show that for $p>1$ the free boundary has locally finite perimeter and the set of non-smooth points of free boundary is of zero $(N-1)$-dimensional Hausdorff measure. Our approach is new even for the classical case $p=2$.

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arXiv2015

Estimates for capacity and discrepancy of convex surfaces in sieve-like domains with an application to homogenization

We consider the intersection of a convex surface $\Ga$ with a periodic perforation of $\R^d$, which looks like a sieve, given by $T_\e = \bigcup_{k\in \Z^d}\{\e k+a_\e T\}$ where $T$ is a given compact set and $a_\e\ll \e$ is the size of the perforation in the $\e$-cell $(0, \e)^d\subset \R^d$. When $\e$ tends to zero we establish uniform estimates for $p$-capacity $1<p<d$ and discrepancy of distributions of intersection $\Ga\cap T_\e$. As an application one gets that the thin obstacle problem with the obstacle defined on the intersection of $\Ga$ and perforations, in given bounded domain, is homogenizable when $p<1+\frac d4$. This result is new even for the classical Laplace operator.

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arXiv2008

On derivation of Euler-Lagrange Equations for incompressible energy-minimizers

We prove that any distribution $q$ satisfying the equation $\nabla q=÷{\bf f}$ for some tensor ${\bf f}=(f^i_j), f^i_j\in h^r(U)$ ($1\leq r<\infty$) -the {\it local Hardy space}, $q$ is in $h^r$, and is locally represented by the sum of singular integrals of $f^i_j$ with Calderón-Zygmund kernel. As a consequence, we prove the existence and the local representation of the hydrostatic pressure $p$ (modulo constant) associated with incompressible elastic energy-minimizing deformation ${\bf u}$ satisfying $|\nabla {\bf u}|^2, |{\rm cof}\nabla{\bf u}|^2\in h^1$. We also derive the system of Euler-Lagrange equations for incompressible local minimizers ${\bf u}$ that are in the space $K^{1,3}_{\rm loc}$; partially resolving a long standing problem. For Hölder continuous pressure $p$, we obtain partial regularity of area-preserving minimizers.

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