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Arghyajit Datta

Publications and source records attributed to Arghyajit Datta.

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Probing leptogenesis and the minimal neutrino seesaw mechanism through gravitational waves

We propose that a gravitational wave can be generated during leptogenesis in the early Universe which occurs during heavy right-handed neutrino decay. Such a gravitational wave, as remnant of leptogenesis, is shown to be associated with distinguishing signatures that not only act as a powerful probe to leptogenesis but also to the existence of heavy seesaw states which otherwise remain difficult to validate despite its success in explaining the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, closely connected to the origin of neutrino mass.

hep-ph

Spontaneous Scoto-leptogenesis

We propose a low-scale spontaneous leptogenesis scenario within the dynamical minimal scotogenic model for accommodating neutrino masses and inert scalar dark matter simultaneously. Thus, we dub the mechanism Spontaneous Scoto-leptogenesis. In this setup, a rolling Majoron arising from the global $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry breaking induces an effective chemical potential for the $B-L$ charge in the presence of $B-L$ violating interactions that allow for the efficient decays and inverse decays of right handed neutrinos (RHN), so it gives rise to the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe through the electroweak sphaleron conversion. The mechanism becomes effective in the strong washout regime and successfully lowers the viable mass scale of the lightest RHN to the range of TeV scales, thereby making the thermal scotogenic leptogenesis with two hierarchical RHNs accessible to direct tests. We identify the roles of the $λ_5$ coupling for spontaneous leptogenesis and inert scalar dark matter through the efficient erasure of the inert scalar asymmetry. We also explore the regime for Majoron dark matter from the kinetic misalignment, showing that a multicomponent dark sector comprising the inert scalar and the Majoron can be realized in the model. The resulting framework provides a unified origin for low-scale baryogenesis, neutrino masses, and multicomponent dark sector, so it can be tested by complementary experimental probes through direct detection experiments, collider searches for inert scalars, and future detection of Majoron dark matter or dark radiation.

hep-ph

Cogenesis of baryon and lepton number asymmetries matching the EMPRESS Data

We show that a simple supersymmetric $U(1)_{B-L}$ extension of the standard model can explain simultaneously the large electron neutrino asymmetry hinted by the recent EMPRESS data as well as the observed tiny baryon asymmetry via the resonant leptogenesis mechanism. The condensation of $B-L$ Higgs dominating the universe at its decay is the sole source for these generation processes. Here, the infrequent decays of the $B-L$ Higgs to heavy right-handed neutrinos and successive prompt decays of these right-handed neutrinos around the electroweak phase transition produce the observed baryon asymmetry while the complete decay of the same $B-L$ Higgs at a later epoch leads to a large lepton number asymmetry. The right amounts of both asymmetries are found to be obtained for the symmetry breaking scale $v_ϕ\sim 10^{10}~{\rm GeV}$. Moreover, in a close connection to the positivity of both asymmetries, seemingly only the normal mass hierarchy of light neutrino species works. Finally, the gravitational wave background from the topologically stable strong type-I cosmic strings, generated from the breaking of $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry, can be within the reach of future experiments such as ultimate DECIGO.

hep-ph

Probing Right Handed Neutrino assisted Reheating with Gravitational Waves and Leptogenesis

We investigate a non-instantaneous reheating period in the early Universe, where the inflaton field decays exclusively to right-handed neutrinos (RHNs). The subsequent decay of these RHNs into Standard Model particles not only drives the transition to a radiation-dominated era but also generates the baryon asymmetry of the Universe via leptogenesis. In this typical reheating scenario, gravitational waves (GWs) can be produced during inflaton decay, both through bremsstrahlung and inflaton scattering processes. While GW production via bremsstrahlung dominates near the end of the reheating phase, inflaton scattering leads to a non-negligible GW contribution near the maximum temperature of the Universe. The combined GW spectrum from both decay and scattering processes lies within the sensitivity range of proposed resonant cavity experiments. This framework thus offers a compelling and unified approach to addressing neutrino mass generation, the baryon asymmetry of the Universe via leptogenesis, and probing the dynamics of a non-instantaneous reheating era.

hep-ph

Is leptogenesis during gravitational reheating flavourful?

We examine the impact of charged lepton Yukawa equilibration on leptogenesis during gravitational reheating. During the post-inflationary era, the inflaton field is assumed to oscillate around the minimum of a monomial potential, leading to the gravitational production of Standard Model (SM) particles, constituting the radiation bath. The heavy right-handed neutrinos (RHN), responsible for generating baryon asymmetry via leptogenesis, are also produced through graviton-mediated scattering of the homogeneous inflaton field and thermal bath, as well as from the the inverse decay of the bath particles. By considering both minimal and non-minimal gravitational contributions to SM, we demonstrate that flavour effects can be safely neglected in the minimal reheating scenario. However, with large non-minimal coupling, these effects may become important, depending on the choice of the RHN mass. We identify the corresponding viable parameter space that satisfies the observed baryon asymmetry in each case.

hep-ph

Leptogenesis from a Phase Transition in a Dynamical Vacuum

We show that a phase transition may take place in the early Universe at a temperature $T_*$ via a Standard Model singlet scalar field which happens to couple to right handed neutrinos (RHN) resulting a temperature dependent mass for them that finally relaxes to a constant value after electroweak phase transition (EWPT). As a result, a requisite amount of lepton asymmetry can be produced at a temperature close to $T_*$ satisfying the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe via sphaleron process even when the zero temperature masses of the RHNs fall in sub GeV regime providing a testable scenario for leptogenesis. Interestingly, the framework is also capable of predicting a primordial lepton asymmetry (generated at a temperature below the EWPT), as hinted by helium abundance measuring experiments, bearing a correlation with early phase of leptogenesis.

hep-ph

Spontaneous Leptogenesis with sub-GeV Axion Like Particles

A derivative coupling of an axion like particle (ALP) with a B-L current may lead to the baryon asymmetry of the universe via spontaneous leptogenesis provided a lepton number breaking interaction prevails in thermal equilibrium. Conventionally, such scenario works only for heavy ALPs and high reheating temperature due to the fact that the same lepton number breaking contribution is tied up with neutrino mass generation also. In this work, we propose inert Higgs doublet assisted lepton number violating operator to relieve such tension so as to generate lepton asymmetry (of freeze-in/out type) with a much lower reheating temperature that can accommodate light (sub-GeV) ALPs sensitive to current and future ALP searches.

hep-ph

Testing Axionic Dark Matter during Gravitational Reheating

Assuming axions are potential dark matter (DM) candidate that make up all of the DM abundance, we discuss production of axions via (i) standard misalignment mechanism during the period of reheating and (ii) graviton-mediated 2-to-2 scattering of the inflaton and bath particles, where the inflaton $ϕ$ oscillates in a monomial potential $V(ϕ)\proptoϕ^k$ with a general equation of state. Considering reheating takes place purely gravitationally, mediated by massless gravitons, we explore the viable region of the parameter space that agrees with the observed DM relic abundance, satisfying bounds from big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) and cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB). We also discuss complementarity between dedicated axion search experiments and futuristic gravitational wave search facilities in probing the viable parameter space.

hep-ph

Effects of Reheating on Charged Lepton Yukawa Equilibration and Leptogenesis

We show that the process of non-instantaneous reheating during the post-inflationary period can have a sizable impact on the charged lepton Yukawa equilibration temperature in the early Universe. This suggests relooking the effects of lepton flavors in the leptogenesis scenario where the production and decay of right-handed neutrinos take place within this prolonged era of reheating. We find this observation has the potential to shift the flavor regime(s) of leptogenesis compared to the standard thermal scenario.

hep-ph

Flavor Leptogenesis During Reheating Era

Recently, it has been shown that the presence of a non-instantaneous era of reheating can significantly alter the charged lepton(s) equilibration temperature(s) which plays important role in flavor leptogenesis. In this work, we extend the analysis to a more general situation where RHNs are also produced from the decay of the inflaton. The presence of these RHNs along with the thermally generated ones (above its mass equivalent temperature only) redistributes different components of the energy density of the Universe during this reheating era, thereby affecting the charged lepton equilibration temperature (in addition to the Hubble effect) as well as the final reheating temperature $T_{\rm{RH}}$. Taking both the effects into account, we find that the decay of the lightest RHN in the set-up not only provides a platform to study flavor leptogenesis during reheating, but also an interesting framework of $quasi$-thermal leptogenesis emerges.

hep-ph

Scalar Triplet Flavor Leptogenesis with Dark Matter

We investigate a simple variant of type-II seesaw, responsible for neutrino mass generation, where the particle spectrum is extended with one singlet right-handed neutrino and an inert Higgs doublet, both odd under an additional $Z_2$ symmetry. While the role of the dark matter is played by the lightest neutral component of the inert Higgs doublet, its interaction with the Standard Model lepton doublets and the right-handed neutrino turns out to be crucial in generating the correct baryon abundance of the Universe through flavored leptogenesis from the decay of the $SU(2)_L$ scalar triplet, involved in type-II framework.

hep-ph

Flavored Leptogenesis and Neutrino Mass with $A_4$ Symmetry

We propose a minimal $A_4$ flavor symmetric model, assisted by $Z_2 \times Z_3$ symmetry, which can naturally takes care of the appropriate lepton mixing and neutrino masses via Type-I seesaw. It turns out that the framework, originated due to a specific flavor structure, favors the normal hierarchy of light neutrinos and simultaneously narrows down the range of Dirac CP violating phase. It predicts an interesting correlation between the atmospheric mixing angle and the Dirac CP phase too. While the flavor structure indicates an exact degeneracy of the right handed neutrino masses, renormalization group running of the same from a high scale is shown to make it quasi-degenerate and a successful flavor leptogenesis takes place within the allowed parameter space obtained from neutrino phenomenology.

hep-ph

Imprint of the seesaw mechanism on feebly interacting dark matter and the baryon asymmetry

We show that the type-I seesaw, responsible for generating the light neutrino mass, itself is capable of accommodating one of the three right handed neutrinos as a freeze-in type of dark matter (DM) where the required smallness of the associated coupling is connected to the lightness of the (smallest) active neutrino mass. It turns out that (a) the non-thermal production of DM having mass $\lesssim \mathcal{O}(1)$ MeV (via decays of $W, Z$ bosons and SM Higgs) consistent with relic density as well as (b) its stability determine this smallest active neutrino mass uniquely $\sim {\mathcal{O}}(10^{-12})$ eV. On the other hand, the study of flavor leptogenesis in this scenario (taking into account the latest neutrino data and Higgs vacuum stability issue) fixes the scale of two other right handed neutrinos.

hep-ph