arXiv subjects

Arindam Dutta

Publications and source records attributed to Arindam Dutta.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2024

Analysis for satellite-based high-dimensional extended B92 and high-dimensional BB84 quantum key distribution

A systematic analysis of the advantages and challenges associated with the satellite-based implementation of the high dimensional extended B92 (HD-Ext-B92) and high-dimensional BB84 (HD-BB84) protocol is analyzed. The method used earlier for obtaining the key rate for the HD-Ext-B92 is modified here and subsequently the variations of the key rate, probability distribution of key rate (PDR), and quantum bit error rate (QBER) with respect to dimension and noise parameter of a depolarizing channel is studied using the modified key rate equation. Further, the variations of average key rate (per pulse) with zenith angle and link length in different weather conditions in day and night considering extremely low noise for dimension d=32 are investigated using elliptic beam approximation. The effectiveness of the HD-(extended) protocols used here in creating satellite-based quantum key distribution links (both up-link and down-link) is established by appropriately modeling the atmosphere and analyzing the variation of average key rates with the probability distribution of the transmittance (PDT). The analysis performed here has revealed that in higher dimensions, HD-BB84 outperforms HD-Ext-B92 in terms of both key rate and noise tolerance. However, HD-BB84 experiences a more pronounced saturation of QBER in high dimensions.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2024

POSTURE: Pose Guided Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Human Body Part Segmentation

Existing algorithms for human body part segmentation have shown promising results on challenging datasets, primarily relying on end-to-end supervision. However, these algorithms exhibit severe performance drops in the face of domain shifts, leading to inaccurate segmentation masks. To tackle this issue, we introduce POSTURE: \underline{Po}se Guided Un\underline{s}upervised Domain Adap\underline{t}ation for H\underline{u}man Body Pa\underline{r}t S\underline{e}gmentation - an innovative pseudo-labelling approach designed to improve segmentation performance on the unlabeled target data. Distinct from conventional domain adaptive methods for general semantic segmentation, POSTURE stands out by considering the underlying structure of the human body and uses anatomical guidance from pose keypoints to drive the adaptation process. This strong inductive prior translates to impressive performance improvements, averaging 8\% over existing state-of-the-art domain adaptive semantic segmentation methods across three benchmark datasets. Furthermore, the inherent flexibility of our proposed approach facilitates seamless extension to source-free settings (SF-POSTURE), effectively mitigating potential privacy and computational concerns, with negligible drop in performance.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

Use of Nash equilibrium in finding game theoretic robust security bound on quantum bit error rate

Nash equilibrium is employed to find a game theoretic robust security bound on quantum bit error rate (QBER) for DL04 protocol which is a scheme for quantum secure direct communication that has been experimentally realized recently. The receiver, sender and eavesdropper (Eve) are considered to be quantum players (players having the capability to perform quantum operations). Specifically, Eve is considered to have the capability of performing quantum attacks (e.g., Wójcik's original attack, Wójcik's symmetrized attack and Pavičić attack) and classical intercept and resend attack. Game theoretic analysis of the security of DL04 protocol in the above scenario is performed by considering several game scenarios. The analysis revealed the absence of a Pareto optimal Nash equilibrium point within these game scenarios. Consequently, mixed strategy Nash equilibrium points are identified and employed to establish both upper and lower bounds for QBER. Further, the vulnerability of the DL04 protocol to Pavičić attack in the message mode is established. In addition, it is observed that the quantum attacks performed by Eve are more powerful than the classical attack, as the QBER value and the probability of detecting Eve's presence are found to be lower in quantum attacks compared to classical ones.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2023

POISE: Pose Guided Human Silhouette Extraction under Occlusions

Human silhouette extraction is a fundamental task in computer vision with applications in various downstream tasks. However, occlusions pose a significant challenge, leading to incomplete and distorted silhouettes. To address this challenge, we introduce POISE: Pose Guided Human Silhouette Extraction under Occlusions, a novel self-supervised fusion framework that enhances accuracy and robustness in human silhouette prediction. By combining initial silhouette estimates from a segmentation model with human joint predictions from a 2D pose estimation model, POISE leverages the complementary strengths of both approaches, effectively integrating precise body shape information and spatial information to tackle occlusions. Furthermore, the self-supervised nature of \POISE eliminates the need for costly annotations, making it scalable and practical. Extensive experimental results demonstrate its superiority in improving silhouette extraction under occlusions, with promising results in downstream tasks such as gait recognition. The code for our method is available https://github.com/take2rohit/poise.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2023

A Review on Practical Challenges of Aerial Quantum Communication

The increasing demand for the realization of global-scale quantum communication services necessitates critical investigation for a practical quantum secure communication network that relies on full-time all-location coverage. In this direction, the non-terrestrial quantum key distribution is expected to play an important role in providing agility, maneuverability, relay link, on-demand network, and last-mile coverage. In this work, we have summarized the research and development that has happened until now in the domain of quantum communication using non-terrestrial platforms with a specific focus on the associated challenges and the relevant models. Further, to extend the analysis beyond the existing know-how, a hybrid model involving the features of Vasylyev et al. model and Liorni et al. model is introduced here. The hybrid model entails us adapting a spherical beam to an elliptic beam approximation and effectively capturing the characteristics of transmittance in densely humid weather conditions and at low altitudes. Further, to understand the potential impact of the weather conditions of a region on atmospheric attenuation, as an example the average monthly visibility of Pune city was analyzed for the years 2021 and 2022. In addition, a simulation of a generic model is performed using a software-defined network paradigm where quantum teleportation is simulated between distant parties using a swarm of drones in NetSquid.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2023

Learning Deformable 3D Graph Similarity to Track Plant Cells in Unregistered Time Lapse Images

Tracking of plant cells in images obtained by microscope is a challenging problem due to biological phenomena such as large number of cells, non-uniform growth of different layers of the tightly packed plant cells and cell division. Moreover, images in deeper layers of the tissue being noisy and unavoidable systemic errors inherent in the imaging process further complicates the problem. In this paper, we propose a novel learning-based method that exploits the tightly packed three-dimensional cell structure of plant cells to create a three-dimensional graph in order to perform accurate cell tracking. We further propose novel algorithms for cell division detection and effective three-dimensional registration, which improve upon the state-of-the-art algorithms. We demonstrate the efficacy of our algorithm in terms of tracking accuracy and inference-time on a benchmark dataset.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2023

Prior-guided Source-free Domain Adaptation for Human Pose Estimation

Domain adaptation methods for 2D human pose estimation typically require continuous access to the source data during adaptation, which can be challenging due to privacy, memory, or computational constraints. To address this limitation, we focus on the task of source-free domain adaptation for pose estimation, where a source model must adapt to a new target domain using only unlabeled target data. Although recent advances have introduced source-free methods for classification tasks, extending them to the regression task of pose estimation is non-trivial. In this paper, we present Prior-guided Self-training (POST), a pseudo-labeling approach that builds on the popular Mean Teacher framework to compensate for the distribution shift. POST leverages prediction-level and feature-level consistency between a student and teacher model against certain image transformations. In the absence of source data, POST utilizes a human pose prior that regularizes the adaptation process by directing the model to generate more accurate and anatomically plausible pose pseudo-labels. Despite being simple and intuitive, our framework can deliver significant performance gains compared to applying the source model directly to the target data, as demonstrated in our extensive experiments and ablation studies. In fact, our approach achieves comparable performance to recent state-of-the-art methods that use source data for adaptation.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2021

A short review on quantum identity authentication protocols: How would Bob know that he is talking with Alice?

Secure communication has achieved a new dimension with the advent of the schemes of quantum key distribution (QKD) as in contrast to classical cryptography, quantum cryptography can provide unconditional security. However, a successful implementation of a scheme of QKD requires identity authentication as a prerequisite. A security loophole in the identity authentication scheme may lead to the vulnerability of the entire secure communication scheme. Consequently, identity authentication is extremely important and in the last three decades several schemes for identity authentication, using quantum resources have been proposed. The chronological development of these protocols, which are now referred to as quantum identity authentication (QIA) protocols, are briefly reviewed here with specific attention to the causal connection involved in their development. The existing protocols are classified on the basis of the required quantum resources and their relative merits and demerits are analyzed. Further, in the process of the classification of the protocols for QIA, it's observed that the existing protocols can also be classified in a few groups based on the inherent computational tasks used to design the protocols. Realization of these symmetries has led to the possibility of designing a set of new protocols for quantum identity authentication, which are based on the existing schemes of the secure computational and communication tasks. The security of such protocols is also critically analyzed.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2021

Deep Single Shot Musical Instrument Identification using Scalograms

Musical Instrument Identification has for long had a reputation of being one of the most ill-posed problems in the field of Musical Information Retrieval(MIR). Despite several robust attempts to solve the problem, a timeline spanning over the last five odd decades, the problem remains an open conundrum. In this work, the authors take on a further complex version of the traditional problem statement. They attempt to solve the problem with minimal data available - one audio excerpt per class. We propose to use a convolutional Siamese network and a residual variant of the same to identify musical instruments based on the corresponding scalograms of their audio excerpts. Our experiments and corresponding results obtained on two publicly available datasets validate the superiority of our algorithm by $\approx$ 3\% over the existing synonymous algorithms in present-day literature.

cs.SD↗