arXiv subjects

Arnold W. Miller

Publications and source records attributed to Arnold W. Miller.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2018

Selective covering properties of product spaces, II: gamma spaces

We study productive properties of gamma spaces, and their relation to other, classic and modern, selective covering properties. Among other things, we prove the following results: 1. Solving a problem of F. Jordan, we show that for every unbounded tower set of reals X of cardinality aleph_1, the space Cp(X) is productively FU. In particular, the set X is productively gamma. 2. Solving problems of Scheepers and Weiss, and proving a conjecture of Babinkostova-Scheepers, we prove that, assuming CH, there are gamma spaces whose product is not even Menger. 3. Solving a problem of Scheepers-Tall, we show that the properties gamma and Gerlits--Nagy (*) are preserved by Cohen forcing. Moreover, every Hurewicz space that Remains Hurewicz in a Cohen extension must be Rothberger (and thus (*)). We apply our results to solve a large number of additional problems, and use Arhangel'skii duality to obtain results concerning local properties of function spaces and countable topological groups.

math.LO↗

arXiv2015

Remark 3.4 A Dedekind Finite Borel Set

Asaf Karagila pointed out that Remark 3.4 [1], directly contradicts Theorem 3.3 (c) [2] which was incorrectly stated. This note contains a proof of this remark. [1] Miller, Arnold W.; A Dedekind Finite Borel Set, Arch. Math. Logic 50 (2011), no. 1-2, 1--17. [2] Kanamori, A.; Pincus, D.; Does GCH imply AC locally?, Paul Erdos and his mathematics, II (Budapest, 1999), 413-426, Bolyai Soc. Math. Stud., 11, Janos Bolyai Math. Soc., Budapest, 2002.

math.LO↗

arXiv2014

The onto mapping property of Sierpinski

Define (*) There exists $(ϕ_n:ω_1\to ω_1:n<ω)$ such that for every uncountable $I$ which is a subset of $ω_1$ there exists $n$ such that $ϕ_n$ maps $I$ onto $ω_1$. This is roughly what Sierpinski in his book on the continuum hypothesis refers to as $P_3$ but I think he brings reals number line into it. I don't know French so I cannot say for sure what he says but I think he proves that (*) follows from the continuum hypothesis. We show that the existence of a Luzin set implies (*); and (*) implies that there exists a nonmeager set of reals of size $ω_1$. We also show that it is relatively consistent that (*) holds but there is no Luzin set. All the other properties in this paper, (**), (S*), (S**), (B*) are shown to be equivalent to (*).

math.LO↗

arXiv2014

Partitions of 2^ω and completely ultrametrizable spaces

We prove that, for every n, the topological space ω_n^ω (where ω_n has the discrete topology) can be partitioned into ω_n copies of the Baire space. Using this fact, the authors then prove two new theorems about completely ultrametrizable spaces. We say that Y is a condensation of X if there is a continuous bijection from X to Y. First, it is proved that the Baire space is a condensation of ω_n^ω if and only if it can be partitioned into ω_n Borel sets, and some consistency results are given regarding such partitions. It is also proved that it is consistent with ZFC that, for any n < ω, the continuum is ω_n and there are exactly n+3 similarity types of perfect completely ultrametrizable spaces of size continuum. These results answer two questions of the first author from a previous paper.

math.GN↗

arXiv2013

Countable subgroups of Euclidean Space

In his PhD Thesis Konstantinos Beros proved a number of results about compactly generated subgroups of Polish groups. Such a group is K-sigma - the countable union of compact sets. He notes that the group of rationals under addition with the discrete topology is an example of a Polish group which is K-sigma (since it is countable) but not compactly generated. Beros showed that for any Polish group G, every K-sigma subgroup of G is compactly generated iff every countable subgroup of G is compactly generated. Beros showed that any K-sigma subgroup of Z^omega (infinite product of the integers) is compactly generated and more generally, for any Polish group G, if every countable subgroup of G is finitely generated, then every countable subgroup of G^omega is compactly generated. In unpublished work Beros asked whether finitely generated may be replaced by compactly generated in his theorem. He conjectured that the reals R under addition might be an example such that every countable subgroup of R is compactly generated but not every countable subgroup of R^omega is compactly generated. We prove that this is not true. The general question remains open. In the course of our proof we came up with some interesting countable subgroups. We show that there is a dense subgroup of the plane which meets every line in a discrete set. Furthermore, for each n there is a dense subgroup of Euclidean space R^n which meets every (n-1)-dimensional subspace in a discrete set. Similarly there is a dense subgroup of R^omega which meets every finite dimensional subspace of R^omega in a discrete set.

math.LO↗

arXiv2013

Selective covering properties of product spaces

We study the preservation of selective covering properties, including classic ones introduced by Menger, Hurewicz, Rothberger, Gerlits and Nagy, and others, under products with some major families of concentrated sets of reals. Our methods include the projection method introduced by the authors in an earlier work, as well as several new methods. Some special consequences of our main results are (definitions provided in the paper): \be \item Every product of a concentrated space with a Hurewicz $\sone(\Ga,\Op)$ space satisfies $\sone(\Ga,\Op)$. On the other hand, assuming \CH{}, for each Sierpiński set $S$ there is a Luzin set $L$ such that $L\x S$ can be mapped onto the real line by a Borel function. \item Assuming Semifilter Trichotomy, every concentrated space is productively Menger and productively Rothberger. \item Every scale set is productively Hurewicz, productively Menger, productively Scheepers, and productively Gerlits--Nagy. \item Assuming $\fd=\aleph_1$, every productively Lindelöf space is productively Hurewicz, productively Menger, and productively Scheepers. \ee A notorious open problem asks whether the additivity of Rothberger's property may be strictly greater than $\add(\cN)$, the additivity of the ideal of Lebesgue-null sets of reals. We obtain a positive answer, modulo the consistency of Semifilter Trichotomy with $\add(\cN)<\cov(\cM)$. Our results improve upon and unify a number of results, established earlier by many authors.

math.GN↗

arXiv2012

A hierarchy of clopen graphs on the Baire space

We say that binary relation E on a space X is a clopen graph on X iff E is symmetric and irreflexive and clopen relative to X x X minus its diagonal. Equivalently for distinct x, y in X there are open sets U,V with (x,y) in U x V and either U x V a subset of E or U x V a subset of E complement. For clopen graphs E_1 and E_2 on the Baire space (omega^omega) we say that E_1 continuously reduces to E_2 iff there is a continuous map f from the Baire space to itself such that for [(x,y) in E_1 iff (f(x),f(y)) in E_2 ] for distinct x,y. Note that f need not be one-to-one but there should be no edges in the preimage of a point. If f is a homeomorphism to its image, then we say that E_1 continuously embeds into E_2. Theorem. There does not exist countably many clopen graphs on the Baire space such that every clopen graph on the Baire space continuously reduces to one of them. However there does exists omega_1 clopen graphs on such that every clopen graph continuously embedds into one of them. This answers a question of Stefan Geschke. Latex2e: 9 pages Latest version at: www.math.wisc.edu/~miller

math.LO↗

arXiv2012

Universal Functions

A function of two variables F(x,y)is universal iff for every other function G(x,y) there exists functions h(x) and k(y) with G(x,y) = F(h(x),k(y)) Sierpinski showed that assuming the continuum hypothesis there exists a Borel function F(x,y) which is universal. Assuming Martin's Axiom there is a universal function of Baire class 2. A universal function cannot be of Baire class 1. We show that it is consistent that for each countable ordinal alpha>2 there is a universal function of class alpha but none of smaller class. We show that it is consistent with ZFC that there is no universal function (Borel or not) on the reals, and we show that it is consistent that there is a universal function but no Borel universal function. We also prove some results concerning higher arity universal functions. For example, the existence of an F such that for every G there are unary h,k,j such that G(x,y,z) = F(h(x),k(y),j(z)) is equivalent to the existence of a 2-ary universal F. However the existence of an F such that for every G there are h,k,j such that G(x,y,z) = F(h(x,y),k(x,z),j(y,z)) follows from a 2-ary universal F but is strictly weaker. Results obtained Mar-June 2009, Nov 2010. Last revised April 2012 LaTex2e: 28 pages Latest version at: www.math.wisc.edu/~miller

math.LO↗

arXiv2012

Hechler and Laver Trees

A Laver tree is a tree in which each node splits infinitely often. A Hechler tree is a tree in which each node splits cofinitely often. We show that every analytic set is either disjoint from the branches of a Heckler tree or contains the branches of a Laver tree. As a corollary we deduce Silver Theorem that all analytic sets are Ramsey. We show that in Godel's constructible universe that our result is false for co-analytic sets (equivalently it fails for analytic sets if we switch Hechler and Laver). We show that under Martin's axiom that our result holds for Sigma^1_2 sets. Finally we define two games related to this property. Latex2e 8 pages Latest version at http://www.math.wisc.edu/~miller/res/index.html

math.LO↗

arXiv2011

The hierarchy of omega1-Borel sets

The family omega1-Borel sets is the smallest family of subsets of the real line which contains the family of open sets and is closed under complementation and omega1 unions. We show: Theorem 1. MA+notCH implies this hierarchy has length omega2. Theorem 2. In the Cohen real model it has length either omega1+1 or omega1+2.

math.LO↗

arXiv2011

Uniquely Universal Sets

We say that X x Y satisfies the Uniquely Universal property (UU) iff there exists a set U open in X x Y such that for every open set W in Y there is a unique cross section U_x of U with U_x=W. Michael Hrusak raised the question of when does X x Y satisfy UU and noted that if Y is compact then X must have an isolated point. We prove the following: 1. If Y is a locally compact noncompact Polish space, then C x Y has UU where C is the Cantor space. 2. If Y is Polish, then B x Y has UU iff Y is not compact where B is the Baire space. 3. If Y is a sigma-compact subset of a Polish space which is not compact, then B x Y has UU.

math.LO↗

arXiv2011

The maximum principle in forcing and the axiom of choice

In this paper we prove that the maximum principle in forcing is equivalent to the axiom of choice. The maximum principle is the property of forcing: p ||- exists x theta(x) iff for some name tau p ||- theta(tau). We also look at three similar partial orders in the Basic Cohen model for the failure of the axiom of choice. We show that despite their apparent similarity the maximum principle holds for only one of the three.

math.LO↗

arXiv2010

Point-cofinite covers in the Laver model

Let S1(Gamma,Gamma) be the statement: For each sequence of point-cofinite open covers, one can pick one element from each cover and obtain a point-cofinite cover. b is the minimal cardinality of a set of reals not satisfying S1(Gamma,Gamma). We prove the following assertions: (1) If there is an unbounded tower, then there are sets of reals of cardinality b, satisfying S1(Gamma,Gamma). (2) It is consistent that all sets of reals satisfying S1(Gamma,Gamma) have cardinality smaller than b. These results can also be formulated as dealing with Arhangel'skii's property alpha_2 for spaces of continuous real-valued functions. The main technical result is that in Laver's model, each set of reals of cardinality b has an unbounded Borel image in the Baire space w^w.

math.GN↗

arXiv2008

A Dedekind Finite Borel Set

In this paper we prove three theorems about the theory of Borel sets in models of ZF without any form of the axiom of choice. We prove that if B is a G-delta-sigma set, then either B is countable or B contains a perfect subset. Second, we prove that if the real line is the countable union of countable sets, then there exists an F-sigma-delta set which is uncountable but contains no perfect subset. Finally, we construct a model of ZF in which we have an infinite Dedekind finite set of reals which is F-sigma-delta.

math.LO↗

arXiv2008

The Recursion Theorem and Infinite Sequences

In this paper we use the Recursion Theorem to show the existence of various infinite sequences and sets. Our main result is that there is an increasing sequence e_0, e_1, e_2 .. such that W_{e_n}={e_{n+1}} for every n. Similarly, we prove that there exists an increasing sequence such that W_{e_n}={e_{n+1},e_{n+2},...} for every n. We call a nonempty computably enumerable set A self-constructing if W_e=A for every e in A. We show that every nonempty computable enumerable set which is disjoint from an infinite computable set is one-one equivalent to a self-constructing set

math.LO↗

arXiv2007

Long Borel Hierarchies

We show that it is relatively consistent with ZF that the Borel hierarchy on the reals has length $ω_2$. This implies that $ω_1$ has countable cofinality, so the axiom of choice fails very badly in our model. A similar argument produces models of ZF in which the Borel hierarchy has length any given limit ordinal less than $ω_2$, e.g., $ω$ or $ω_1+ω_1$. Latex2e: 24 pages plus 8 page appendix Latest version at: www.math.wisc.edu/~miller

math.LO↗

arXiv2006

A hodgepodge of sets of reals

We prove a variety of results concerning singular sets of reals. Our results concern: Kysiak and Laver-null sets, Kocinac and gamma-k-sets, Fleissner and square Q-sets, Alikhani-Koopaei and minimal Q-like-sets, Rubin and sigma-sets, and Zapletal and the Souslin number. In particular we show that sigma-sets are Laver-null, the union of gamma-k-sets need not be gamma-k, the existence of Q-set implies an omega1-universal G_delta, minimal Q-like sets which are not Q-sets exist, thin sets need not exist, and sn* is bounded by the cardinality of the smallest nonmeager set.

math.LO↗

arXiv2006

Steinhaus Sets and Jackson Sets

We prove that there does not exist a subset of the plane S that meets every isometric copy of the vertices of the unit square in exactly one point. We give a complete characterization of all three point subsets F of the reals such that there does not exists a set of reals S which meets every isometric copy of F in exactly one point. A finite set X in the plane is Jackson iff for every subset S of the plane there exists an isometric copy Y of X such that Y does not meets S in exactly one point. These results are related to the open problem: Q. (Steve Jackson) Is every finite set X in the plane of two or more points Jackson?

math.LO↗