arXiv subjects

Arpan Chakraborty

Publications and source records attributed to Arpan Chakraborty.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

The Economics of War: Militarization and Growth in an AK Economy

This paper analyzes the macroeconomic consequences of military spending and militarization within a dynamic growth framework. Building on a Keynesian goods-market model, we examine how the allocation of government expenditure between civilian and military sectors affects capital accumulation and technological progress. Military spending generates opposing effects: it stimulates aggregate demand and may support innovation through defense-related research, but it also crowds out civilian investment and creates structural rigidities. We formalize these mechanisms in a stylized endogenous-growth model in which productivity depends on the degree of militarization, producing a non-linear relationship between the military burden and long-run growth. Calibrated simulations show that moderate levels of military spending can temporarily support growth, whereas excessive militarization reduces long-run development. We further illustrate the asymmetric growth costs of conflict using a simple two-country war simulation between an advanced economy and a sanctioned middle-income economy.

econ.TH↗

arXiv2025

Chiral Phonons in Graphyne

Chiral phonons, quantized lattice vibrations with circular polarization and non-zero angular momentum, offer new perspectives for phononic and quantum device engineering. Graphyne could be a promising candidate due to its unique lattice geometry, valley-structured electronic bands, and thermal transport capabilities. However, chiral phonons in graphyne remain unexplored owing to the existence of inversion ($\mathscr{P}$) and time-reversal ($\mathscr{T}$) symmetries. Herein, we have demonstrated the existence of chiral phonons in graphynes, achieved by breaking combined $\mathscr{PT}$ symmetry through atomic-selective substitutional doping. We find that the B, N, dopants and ortho BN co-dopant in 6-6-12 and $γ$-graphynes induce localized structural deformations. These deformations lift phonon degeneracies away from $Γ$ point and give rise to circularly polarized vibrational modes. We further established a strong correlation between chiral phonon angular momentum and electron affinity of dopants. Electron-rich dopants increase local electron density which could enable chiral phonon modes to couple more effectively with electronic environment. This in turn increases phonon angular momentum, indicating potential role of electron-phonon interactions in angular momentum modulation of chiral phonons. Our prosposed approach provides a tunable route for controlling chiral phonon behavior, paving way for development of advanced phononic devices.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2025

Behavioral Expectations in New Keynesian DSGE Models: Evidence from India's COVID-19 Recovery and Vaccination Program

This paper extends the New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) framework by incorporating behavioral expectations to analyze the moments of India's output gap and inflation rate, with a particular focus on the impacts of COVID-19 and vaccination programs. While DSGE models traditionally rely on rational expectations, we demonstrate that behavioral expectations more accurately capture the distributional characteristics of India's output gap and inflation rates data. Utilizing both Hodrick-Prescott and Kalman filters, we estimate the output gap and establish congruence with the moments of the simulated output gap. Concurrently, employing the initial negative demand shock values of the output gap, we calibrate the persistence parameters of negative aggregate demand (AD) and positive aggregate supply (AS) shocks, alongside the initial magnitude of the positive supply shock to achieve correspondence with post-COVID actual average values of the output gap and inflation rate. To ensure model precision, we implement Mahalanobis distance minimization for model calibration. Our findings elucidate that vaccination programs generated significant positive supply shocks, counterbalancing the prolonged negative demand shock precipitated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the analysis reveals that the positive supply shocks' persistence parameter exceeds that of the negative demand shocks, indicating the exceptional efficacy of India's vaccination strategy. Furthermore, this research advances the scholarly contributions of Dasgupta and Rajeev (2023) by furnishing a quantitative DSGE framework that complements their static simple Keynesian analysis.

econ.GN↗

arXiv2025

Beyond Rationality: Unveiling the Role of Animal Spirits and Inflation Extrapolation in Central Bank Communication of the US

Modern macroeconomic models, particularly those grounded in Rational Expectation Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE), operate under the assumption of fully rational decision-making. This paper examines the impact of behavioral factors on the communication index/sentiment index of the US Federal Reserve. [Upon receiving the review comments, I found some technical errors in the paper. I shall update it accordingly. Please do not cite this paper without author's permission.]

econ.TH↗

arXiv2022

Determinants Of Migration: Linear regression Analysis in Indian Context

Environmental degradation, global pandemic and severing natural resource related problems cater to increase demand resulting from migration is nightmare for all of us. Huge flocks of people are rushing towards to earn, to live and to lead a better life. This they do for their own development often ignoring the environmental cost. With existing model, this paper looks at out migration (interstate) within India focusing on the various proximate and fundamental causes relating to migration. The author deploys OLS to see those fundamental causes. Obviously, these are not exhaustive cause, but definitely plays a role in migration decision of individual. Finally, this paper advocates for some policy prescription to cope with this problem.

econ.GN↗