arXiv subjects

Aylin Yener

Publications and source records attributed to Aylin Yener.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

arXiv2019

Coded Caching for Heterogeneous Systems: An Optimization Perspective

In cache-aided networks, the server populates the cache memories at the users during low-traffic periods, in order to reduce the delivery load during peak-traffic hours. In turn, there exists a fundamental trade-off between the delivery load on the server and the cache sizes at the users. In this paper, we study this trade-off in a multicast network where the server is connected to users with unequal cache sizes and the number of users is less than or equal to the number of library files. We propose centralized uncoded placement and linear delivery schemes which are optimized by solving a linear program. Additionally, we derive a lower bound on the delivery memory trade-off with uncoded placement that accounts for the heterogeneity in cache sizes. We explicitly characterize this trade-off for the case of three end-users, as well as an arbitrary number of end-users when the total memory size at the users is small, and when it is large. Next, we consider a system where the server is connected to the users via rate limited links of different capacities and the server assigns the users' cache sizes subject to a total cache budget. We characterize the optimal cache sizes that minimize the delivery completion time with uncoded placement and linear delivery. In particular, the optimal memory allocation balances between assigning larger cache sizes to users with low capacity links and uniform memory allocation.

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arXiv2019

Non-Asymptotic Achievable Rates for Gaussian Energy-Harvesting Channels: Best-Effort and Save-and-Transmit

An additive white Gaussian noise energy-harvesting channel with an infinite-sized battery is considered. The energy arrival process is modeled as a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables. The channel capacity $\frac{1}{2}\log(1+P)$ is achievable by the so-called best-effort and save-and-transmit schemes where $P$ denotes the battery recharge rate. This paper analyzes the save-and-transmit scheme whose transmit power is strictly less than $P$ and the best-effort scheme as a special case of save-and-transmit without a saving phase. In the finite blocklength regime, we obtain new non-asymptotic achievable rates for these schemes that approach the capacity with gaps vanishing at rates proportional to $1/\sqrt{n}$ and $\sqrt{(\log n)/n}$ respectively where~$n$ denotes the blocklength. The proof technique involves analyzing the escape probability of a Markov process. When $P$ is sufficiently large, we show that allowing the transmit power to back off from $P$ can improve the performance for save-and-transmit. The results are extended to a block energy arrival model where the length of each energy block $L$ grows sublinearly in $n$. We show that the save-and-transmit and best-effort schemes achieve coding rates that approach the capacity with gaps vanishing at rates proportional to $\sqrt{L/n}$ and $\sqrt{\max\{\log n, L\}/n}$ respectively.

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arXiv2018

Benefits of Coded Placement for Networks with Heterogeneous Cache Sizes

In this work, we study coded placement in caching systems where the users have unequal cache sizes and demonstrate its performance advantage. In particular, we propose a caching scheme with coded placement for three-user systems that outperforms the best caching scheme with uncoded placement. In our proposed scheme, users cache both uncoded and coded pieces of the files, and the coded pieces at the users with large memories are decoded using the unicast/multicast signals intended to serve users with smaller memories. Furthermore, we extend the proposed scheme to larger systems and show the reduction in delivery load with coded placement compared to uncoded placement.

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arXiv2018

Lossy Coding of Correlated Sources over a Multiple Access Channel: Necessary Conditions and Separation Results

Lossy coding of correlated sources over a multiple access channel (MAC) is studied. First, a joint source-channel coding scheme is presented when the decoder has correlated side information. Next, the optimality of separate source and channel coding, that emerges from the availability of a common observation at the encoders, or side information at the encoders and the decoder, is investigated. It is shown that separation is optimal when the encoders have access to a common observation whose lossless recovery is required at the decoder, and the two sources are independent conditioned on this common observation. Optimality of separation is also proved when the encoder and the decoder have access to shared side information conditioned on which the two sources are independent. These separation results obtained in the presence of side information are then utilized to provide a set of necessary conditions for the transmission of correlated sources over a MAC without side information. Finally, by specializing the obtained necessary conditions to the transmission of binary and Gaussian sources over a MAC, it is shown that they can potentially be tighter than the existing results in the literature, providing a novel converse for this fundamental problem.

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arXiv2018

On Coded Caching with Heterogeneous Distortion Requirements

This paper considers heterogeneous coded caching where the users have unequal distortion requirements. The server is connected to the users via an error-free multicast link and designs the users' cache sizes subject to a total memory budget. In particular, in the placement phase, the server jointly designs the users' cache sizes and the cache contents. To serve the users' requests, in the delivery phase, the server transmits signals that satisfy the users' distortion requirements. An optimization problem with the objective of minimizing the worst-case delivery load subject to the total cache memory budget and users' distortion requirements is formulated. The optimal solution for uncoded placement and linear delivery is characterized explicitly and is shown to exhibit a threshold policy with respect to the total cache memory budget. As a byproduct of the study, a caching scheme for systems with fixed cache sizes that outperforms the state-of-art is presented.

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arXiv2018

Generalizing Multiple Access Wiretap and Wiretap II Channel Models: Achievable Rates and Cost of Strong Secrecy

In this paper, new two-user multiple access wiretap channel models are studied. First, the multiple access wiretap channel II with a discrete memoryless main channel, under three different wiretapping scenarios, is introduced. The wiretapper, as in the classical wiretap channel II model, chooses a fixed-length subset of the channel uses on which she obtains noise-free observations of one of the codewords, a superposition of the two codewords, or each of the two codewords. These thus extend the recently examined wiretap channel II with a noisy main channel to a multiple access setting with a variety of attack models for the wiretapper. Next, a new multiple access wiretap channel model, which further generalizes the multiple access wiretap channel II under the third wiretapping scenario, i.e., that which features the strongest adversarial model, is proposed. In this model, the wiretapper, besides choosing a subset of the channel uses to noiselessly observe the transmitted codeword symbols of both users, observes the remainder of the two codewords through a discrete memoryless multiple access channel. Achievable strong secrecy rate regions for all the proposed models are derived. Achievability is established by solving dual multi-terminal secret key agreement problems in the source model, and converting the solution to the original channel models using probability distribution approximation arguments. The derived achievable rate regions quantify the secrecy cost due to the additional capabilities of the wiretapper with respect to the previous multiple access wiretap models.

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arXiv2018

State-Adaptive Coded Caching for Symmetric Broadcast Channels

Coded-caching delivery is considered over a symmetric noisy broadcast channel whose state is unknown at the transmitter during the cache placement phase. In particular, the delivery phase is modeled by a state-dependent broadcast channel where the state remains constant over each transmission block and is learned by the transmitter (and the receivers) only at the beginning of each block. A state-adaptive coded caching scheme is proposed that improves either on rate or decoding latency over two baseline schemes that are based on standard coded caching.

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arXiv2018

Sending Information Through Status Updates

We consider an energy harvesting transmitter sending status updates regarding a physical phenomenon it observes to a receiver. Different from the existing literature, we consider a scenario where the status updates carry information about an independent message. The transmitter encodes this message into the timings of the status updates. The receiver needs to extract this encoded information, as well as update the status of the observed phenomenon. The timings of the status updates, therefore, determine both the age of information (AoI) and the message rate (rate). We study the tradeoff between the achievable message rate and the achievable average AoI. We propose several achievable schemes and compare their rate-AoI performances.

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arXiv2017

Combination Networks with or without Secrecy Constraints: The Impact of Caching Relays

This paper considers a two-hop network architecture known as a combination network, where a layer of relay nodes connects a server to a set of end users. In particular, a new model is investigated where the intermediate relays employ caches in addition to the end users. First, a new centralized coded caching scheme is developed that utilizes maximum distance separable (MDS) coding, jointly optimizes cache placement and delivery phase, and enables decomposing the combination network into a set virtual multicast sub-networks. It is shown that if the sum of the memory of an end user and its connected relay nodes is sufficient to store the database, then the server can disengage in the delivery phase and all the end users' requests can be satisfied by the caches in the network. Lower bounds on the normalized delivery load using genie-aided cut-set arguments are presented along with second hop optimality. Next recognizing the information security concerns of coded caching, this new model is studied under three different secrecy settings: 1) secure delivery where we require an external entity must not gain any information about the database files by observing the transmitted signals over the network links, 2) secure caching, where we impose the constraint that end users must not be able to obtain any information about files that they did not request, and 3) both secure delivery and secure caching, simultaneously. We demonstrate how network topology affects the system performance under these secrecy requirements. Finally, we provide numerical results demonstrating the system performance in each of the settings considered.

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arXiv2017

Benefits of Cache Assignment on Degraded Broadcast Channels

Degraded K-user broadcast channels (BC) are studied when receivers are facilitated with cache memories. Lower and upper bounds are derived on the capacity-memory tradeoff, i.e., on the largest rate of reliable communication over the BC as a function of the receivers' cache sizes, and the bounds are shown to match for some special cases. The lower bounds are achieved by two new coding schemes that benefit from non-uniform cache assignment. Lower and upper bounds are also established on the global capacity-memory tradeoff, i.e., on the largest capacity-memory tradeoff that can be attained by optimizing the receivers' cache sizes subject to a total cache memory budget. The bounds coincide when the total cache memory budget is sufficiently small or sufficiently large, characterized in terms of the BC statistics. For small cache memories, it is optimal to assign all the cache memory to the weakest receiver. In this regime, the global capacity-memory tradeoff grows as the total cache memory budget divided by the number of files in the system. In other words, a perfect global caching gain is achievable in this regime and the performance corresponds to a system where all cache contents in the network are available to all receivers. For large cache memories, it is optimal to assign a positive cache memory to every receiver such that the weaker receivers are assigned larger cache memories compared to the stronger receivers. In this regime, the growth rate of the global capacity-memory tradeoff is further divided by the number of users, which corresponds to a local caching gain. Numerical indicate suggest that a uniform cache-assignment of the total cache memory is suboptimal in all regimes unless the BC is completely symmetric. For erasure BCs, this claim is proved analytically in the regime of small cache-sizes.

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arXiv2017

A New Wiretap Channel Model and its Strong Secrecy Capacity

In this paper, a new wiretap channel model is proposed, where the legitimate transmitter and receiver communicate over a discrete memoryless channel. The wiretapper has perfect access to a fixed-length subset of the transmitted codeword symbols of her choosing. Additionally, she observes the remainder of the transmitted symbols through a discrete memoryless channel. This new model subsumes the classical wiretap channel and wiretap channel II with noisy main channel as its special cases. The strong secrecy capacity of the proposed channel model is identified. Achievability is established by solving a dual secret key agreement problem in the source model, and converting the solution to the original channel model using probability distribution approximation arguments. In the dual problem, a source encoder and decoder, who observe random sequences independent and identically distributed according to the input and output distributions of the legitimate channel in the original problem, communicate a confidential key over a public error-free channel using a single forward transmission, in the presence of a compound wiretapping source who has perfect access to the public discussion. The security of the key is guaranteed for the exponentially many possibilities of the subset chosen at wiretapper by deriving a lemma which provides a doubly-exponential convergence rate for the probability that, for a fixed choice of the subset, the key is uniform and independent from the public discussion and the wiretapping source's observation. The converse is derived by using Sanov's theorem to upper bound the secrecy capacity of the new wiretap channel model by the secrecy capacity when the tapped subset is randomly chosen by nature.

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arXiv2015

Secure Degrees of Freedom for the MIMO Wire-tap Channel with a Multi-antenna Cooperative Jammer

In this paper, a multiple antenna wire-tap channel in the presence of a multi-antenna cooperative jammer is studied. In particular, the secure degrees of freedom (s.d.o.f.) of this channel is established, with $N_t$ antennas at the transmitter, $N_r$ antennas at the legitimate receiver, and $N_e$ antennas at the eavesdropper, for all possible values of the number of antennas, $N_c$, at the cooperative jammer. In establishing the result, several different ranges of $N_c$ need to be considered separately. The lower and upper bounds for these ranges of $N_c$ are derived, and are shown to be tight. The achievability techniques developed rely on a variety of signaling, beamforming, and alignment techniques which vary according to the (relative) number of antennas at each terminal and whether the s.d.o.f. is integer valued. Specifically, it is shown that, whenever the s.d.o.f. is integer valued, Gaussian signaling for both transmission and cooperative jamming, linear precoding at the transmitter and the cooperative jammer, and linear processing at the legitimate receiver, are sufficient for achieving the s.d.o.f. of the channel. By contrast, when the s.d.o.f. is not an integer, the achievable schemes need to rely on structured signaling at the transmitter and the cooperative jammer, and joint signal space and signal scale alignment. The converse is established by combining an upper bound which allows for full cooperation between the transmitter and the cooperative jammer, with another upper bound which exploits the secrecy and reliability constraints.

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arXiv2015

Energy Harvesting Networks with Energy Cooperation: Procrastinating Policies

This paper considers multiterminal networks with energy harvesting transmitter nodes that are also capable of wirelessly transferring energy to or receiving energy from other nodes in the network. In particular, the jointly optimal transmit power and energy transfer policies that maximize sum-throughput for the two-way, two-hop, and multiple access channels are identified. It is shown for nodes with infinite-sized batteries that delaying energy transfers until energy is needed immediately at the receiving node is sum-throughput optimal. Focusing on such procrastinating policies without loss of optimality, the stated joint optimization problem can be decomposed into energy transfer and consumed energy allocation problems which are solved in tandem. This decomposition is shown to hold for the finite-sized battery case as well, using partially procrastinating policies that avoid battery overflows. It is observed that for the two-hop channel, the proposed algorithm has a two fluid water-filling interpretation, and for the multiple access channel, it reduces to a single transmitter problem with aggregate energy arrivals. Numerical results demonstrate the throughput improvement with bi-directional energy cooperation over no cooperation and uni-directional cooperation.

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arXiv2015

Throughput Maximization for Two-way Relay Channels with Energy Harvesting Nodes: The Impact of Relaying Strategies

In this paper, we study the two-way relay channel with energy harvesting nodes. In particular, we find transmission policies that maximize the sum-throughput for two-way relay channels when the relay does not employ a data buffer. The relay can perform decode-and-forward, compress-and-forward, compute-and-forward or amplify-and-forward relaying. Furthermore, we consider throughput improvement by dynamically choosing relaying strategies, resulting in hybrid relaying strategies. We show that an iterative generalized directional water-filling algorithm solves the offline throughput maximization problem, with the achievable sum-rate from an individual or hybrid relaying scheme. In addition to the optimum offline policy, we obtain the optimum online policy via dynamic programming. We provide numerical results for each relaying scheme to support the analytic findings, pointing out to the advantage of adapting the instantaneous relaying strategy to the available harvested energy.

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arXiv2015

Energy Harvesting Wireless Communications: A Review of Recent Advances

This article summarizes recent contributions in the broad area of energy harvesting wireless communications. In particular, we provide the current state of the art for wireless networks composed of energy harvesting nodes, starting from the information-theoretic performance limits to transmission scheduling policies and resource allocation, medium access and networking issues. The emerging related area of energy transfer for self-sustaining energy harvesting wireless networks is considered in detail covering both energy cooperation aspects and simultaneous energy and information transfer. Various potential models with energy harvesting nodes at different network scales are reviewed as well as models for energy consumption at the nodes.

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arXiv2014

The Binary Energy Harvesting Channel with a Unit-Sized Battery

We consider a binary energy harvesting communication channel with a finite-sized battery at the transmitter. In this model, the channel input is constrained by the available energy at each channel use, which is driven by an external energy harvesting process, the size of the battery, and the previous channel inputs. We consider an abstraction where energy is harvested in binary units and stored in a battery with the capacity of a single unit, and the channel inputs are binary. Viewing the available energy in the battery as a state, this is a state-dependent channel with input-dependent states, memory in the states, and causal state information available at the transmitter only. We find an equivalent representation for this channel based on the timings of the symbols, and determine the capacity of the resulting equivalent timing channel via an auxiliary random variable. We give achievable rates based on certain selections of this auxiliary random variable which resemble lattice coding for the timing channel. We develop upper bounds for the capacity by using a genie-aided method, and also by quantifying the leakage of the state information to the receiver. We show that the proposed achievable rates are asymptotically capacity achieving for small energy harvesting rates. We extend the results to the case of ternary channel inputs. Our achievable rates give the capacity of the binary channel within 0.03 bits/channel use, the ternary channel within 0.05 bits/channel use, and outperform basic Shannon strategies that only consider instantaneous battery states, for all parameter values.

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arXiv2014

Message and State Cooperation in a Relay Channel When Only the Relay Knows the State

A state-dependent relay channel is studied in which strictly causal channel state information is available at the relay and no state information is available at the source and destination. The source and the relay are connected via two unidirectional out-of-band orthogonal links of finite capacity, and a state-dependent memoryless channel connects the source and the relay, on one side, and the destination, on the other. Via the orthogonal links, the source can convey information about the message to be delivered to the destination to the relay while the relay can forward state information to the source. This exchange enables cooperation between the source and the relay on transmission of message and state information to the destination. First, two achievable schemes are proposed that exploit both message and state cooperation. It is shown that a transmission scheme inspired by noisy network coding performs better than a strategy based on block Markov coding and backward decoding. Next, based on the given achievable schemes and appropriate upper bounds, capacity results are identified for some special cases. Finally, a Gaussian model is studied, along with corresponding numerical results that illuminate the relative merits of state and message cooperation.

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arXiv2013

MIMO Broadcast Channel with an Unknown Eavesdropper: Secrecy Degrees of Freedom

We study a multi-antenna broadcast channel with two legitimate receivers and an external eavesdropper. We assume that the channel matrix of the eavesdropper is unknown to the legitimate terminals but satisfies a maximum rank constraint. As our main result we characterize the associated secrecy degrees of freedom for the broadcast channel with common and private messages. We show that a direct extension of the single-user wiretap codebook does not achieve the secrecy degrees of freedom. Our proposed optimal scheme involves decomposing the signal space into a common subspace, which can be observed by both receivers, and private subspaces which can be observed by only one of the receivers, and carefully transmitting a subset of messages in each subspace. We also consider the case when each user's private message must additionally remain confidential from the other legitimate receiver and characterize the s.d.o.f.\ region in this case.

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