arXiv subjects

B. G. Sidharth

Publications and source records attributed to B. G. Sidharth.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

Gravitation and Electromagnetism

Recently some hidden inconsistencies in high energy physics and cosmology have been articulated by several scholars. If we follow the usual description we get an unacceptably high cosmological constant as was noticed by Weinberg and others some decades ago. In this paper we point out that this is because of our continued description in terms of the Planck scale. While this works for gravitation, we have to consider a phase transition from the earlier Quantum Foam to the Compton scale that describes electromagnetism, and resolves the various problems. A consequence would be that in a total vacuum there would be no gravitation.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2018

Gravi-Weak Unification and the Black-Hole-Hedgehog's Solution with Magnetic Field Contribution

In the present paper, we investigated the gravitational black-hole-hedgehog's solution with magnetic field contribution in the framework of the f(R)--gravity described by the Gravi-Weak unification model. Assuming the Multiple Point Principle (MPP), we considered the existence of the two degenerate vacua of the Universe: the first Electroweak (EW) vacuum with $v_1 \approx 246$ GeV ("true vacuum"), and the second Planck scale ("false vacuum") with $v_2 \sim 10^{18}$ GeV. In these vacua, we investigated different topological defects. The main aim of this paper is an investigation of the black-hole-hedgehog configurations as defects of the "false vacuum". We have obtained the solution which corresponds to a global monopole, that has been "swallowed" by the black-hole with core mass $M_{BH}\approx 3.65\times 10^{18}\,\, {\rm{GeV}}$ and radius $δ\approx 6\cdot 10^{-21} {\rm{GeV}}^{-1}.$ We investigated the metric in the vicinity of the black-hole-hedgehog and estimated its horizon radius: $r_h\approx 1.14 δ$. We have considered the phase transition from the "false vacuum" to the "true vacuum" and confirmed the stability of the EW--vacuum.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2018

Degenerate Vacua of the Universe and What Comes Beyond the Standard Model

We present a new cosmological model of the Universe based on the two discoveries: 1. cosmological constant is very small, and 2. Nature shows a new law in physics called "Multiple Point Principle" (MPP). The MPP predicts the two degenerate vacua of the Universe with VEV $v_1\approx 246$ Gev and $v_2\sim 10^{18}$ GeV, which provide masses of the Higgs boson and top-quark. A new cosmological model assumes the formation of two universal bubbles. The Universe at first stage of its existing is a bubble with a de-Sitter spacetime inside, having black-holes-hedgehogs as topological defects of the vacuum. Such a bubble has a "false vacuum" with VEV $v_2$, which decays very quickly. Cooling Universe has a new phase transition, transforming the "false" vacuum to the "true" (Electroweak) vacuum. Hedgehogs confined, and the universal bubble is transformed into the bubble having spacetime with FLRW-metric and the vacuum with new topological defects of $U(1)_{(el-mag)}$ group: magnetic vortices and Sidharth's pointlike defects. The problem of stability/metastability of the EW-vacuum is investigated. Noncommutativity of the vacua spacetime manifold is discussed. The prediction of a new physics is given by the future observations at LHC of the triplet $SU(2)$ Higgs bosons (at energies $E\sim 10$ TeV), and/or of the new bound states $6t + 6\bar t$ formed by top-antitop quarks (at $E\sim 1$ TeV). The problem "What comes beyond the Standard Model" is discussed at the end of this paper.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2017

Black Holes-Hedgehogs and Strings as Defects of the Universal Vacua

In the present paper, assuming the Multiple Point Principle (MPP) as a new law of Nature, we considered the existence of the two degenerate vacua of the Universe: a) the first Electroweak (EW) vacuum at $v_1\approx 246$ GeV -- "true vacuum", and b) the second Planck scale "false vacuum" at $v_2 \sim 10^{18}$ GeV. In these vacua we investigated different topological defects. The main aim of this paper is an investigation of the black-hole-hedgehogs configurations as defects of the false vacuum. In the framework of the $f(R)$ gravity, described by the Gravi-Weak unification model, we considered a black-hole solution, which corresponds to a "hedgehog" -- global monopole, that has been "swallowed" by the black-hole with mass core $M_{BH}\sim 10^{18}$ GeV and radius $δ\sim 10^{-21}$ GeV$^{-1}$. Considering the results of the hedgehog lattice theory in the framework of the $SU(2)$ Yang-Mills gauge-invariant theory with hedgehogs in the Wilson loops, we have used the critical value of temperature for the hedgehogs confinement phase ($T_c\sim 10^{18}$ GeV). This result gave us the possibility to conclude that the SM shows a new physics (with contributions of the $SU(2)$-triplet Higgs bosons) at the scale $\sim 10$ TeV. Theory predicts the stability of the EW-vacuum and the accuracy of the MPP.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2017

Noncommutativity and relativity

In this paper, we endeavour to show that from the noncommutative nature of spacetime one can deduce the concept of relativity in the sense that the velocity cannot be infinite as in the case of Galilean relativity.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2017

Revisiting the Lamb Shift

In this paper we endeavour to determine the energy levels of an atom by virtue of the modified Dirac equation. It has been found that the energy levels contain an extra term in the expression which accounts for the {\it zitterbewegung} effects in the Compton scale. Applying our perspective to the hydrogen atom we have been able to find the {\it Lamb shift} for the $2S_{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $2P_{\frac{1}{2}}$ states. This result substantiates that a slight modification of the Dirac equation suffices to explain the phenomenon, where the modification of the Dirac equation arises due to the non-commutative nature of space-time. Besides, several other unexplained phenomena can emerge as a natural consequence of this modification

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2017

New Resonances at LHC are possible. Multiple Point Principle and New Bound States in the Standard Model

In the present paper we argue that the correction to the Higgs mass coming from the bound state of 6 top and 6 anti-top quarks, predicted early by C.D. Froggatt, H.B. Nielsen and L.V. Laperashvili, leads to the Standard Model (SM) vacuum stability and confirms the accuracy of the multiple point principle (principle of degenerate vacua) for all experimentally valued SM parameters (Higgs mass, top-quark mass, etc.). The aim to get the vacua degeneracy requires a mass of the bound state in the region of 770 GeV.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2016

Topological Structure of the Vacuum, Cosmological Constant and Dark Energy

In this review we present a theory of cosmological constant and Dark Energy (DE), based on the topological structure of the vacuum. The Multiple Point Principle (MPP) is reviewed. It demonstrates the existence of the two vacua into the SM. The Froggatt-Nielsen's prediction of the top-quark and Higgs masses is given in the assumption that there exist two degenerate vacua in the SM. This prediction was improved by the next order calculations. We also considered B.G. Sidharth's theory of cosmological constant based on the non-commutative geometry of the Planck scale space-time, what gives an extremely small DE density providing the accelerating expansion of the Universe. Theory of two degenerate vacua - the Planck scale phase and Electroweak (EW) phase - also is reviewed, topological defects in these vacua are investigated, also the Compton wavelength phase suggested by B.G. Sidharth was discussed. A general theory of the phase transition and the problem of the vacuum stability in the SM is reviewed. Assuming that the recently discovered at the LHC new resonance with mass $m_S \simeq 750$ GeV is a new scalar $S$ bound state $6t + 6\bar t$, earlier predicted by C.D. Froggatt, H.B. Nielsen and L.V. Laperashvili, we try to provide the vacuum stability in the SM and exact accuracy of the MPP.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2015

An Ever Expanding Universe?

It is pointed out that very recent results based on supernovae observations that the universe will accelerate and expand for ever with ever decreasing density have been predicted in a recent cosmological model which also deduces hitherto purely empirical features like the mysterious relation between the pion mass and the Hubble Constant.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2015

Planck Scale Physics, Gravi-Weak Unification and the Higgs Inflation

Starting with a theory of the discrete space-time at the Planck scale, we developed a Gravi-Weak Unification (GWU) - a $Spin(4,4)$-invariant model unified gravity with weak $SU(2)$ gauge and Higgs fields in the visible and invisible sectors of the Universe. Considering the Gravi-Weak symmetry breaking, we showed that the obtained sub-algebras contain the self-dual left-handed gravity in the OW, and the anti-self-dual right-handed gravity in the MW. Finally, at the low energy limit, we have only the Standard Model (SM) and the Einstein-Hilbert's gravity. The Froggatt-Nielsen's prediction of the top-quark and Higgs masses was given in the assumption that there exist two degenerate vacua in the SM. This prediction was improved by the next order calculations. We have developed a model of the Higgs Inflation using the GWU action. According to this inflationary model, a scalar field (inflaton) starts trapped from the "false vacuum" of the Universe at the Higgs field's VEV $v_2 \sim 10^{18}$ GeV. The interaction between the ordinary and mirror Higgs fields $ϕ$ and $\widetildeϕ$ generates a Hybrid model by A.~Linde of the Higgs Inflation in our Universe.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2014

Anomalous Fermions II

Recently the anomalous behaviour of Fermions below the Fermi temperature was analysed in detail from different viewpoints. In the present communication we obtain a justification for this anomalous semionic behaviour and also obtain the Cooper pair type scenario of superconductivity from an alternative standpoint. Finally an earlier result in one dimension that an assembly of Fermions at any temperature behaves as if it is below the Fermi temperature is extended to the two dimensional case.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2012

Non Newtonian Dynamics in Galaxies and Satellite Galaxies

Recent studies have thrown up a big enigma. On the one hand they point to satellite galaxies rotating faster than they should with the usual theory. On the other hand they also go against explanation of Newtonian gravity with dark matter. In this brief note it is argued that the varying $G$ cosmology which explains all the observed General Relativistic effects and the Pioneer anomaly reconciles the controversial conclusions of the latest observations.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2010

The Ultra Relativistic Maxwell and Proca Equations

We consider the Proca equation which is the Maxwell equation of electromagnetism for a massive particle, in the ultra relativistic limit using Snyder-Sidharth Hamiltonian. There is now an extra parity non-conserving term and we investigate the consequence both for the Proca equation and the Maxwell equation.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2008

Planck Oscillators and Elementary Particles

In this paper we argue that it is possible to model the Universe along thermodynamic lines, using oscillators in the background Dark Energy at the Planck scale. This leads to meaningful results in agreement with observation.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2007

Law without Law

We consider a model for spacetime in which there is an ubiquitous background Dark Energy which is the Zero Point Field. This is further modeled in terms of a Weiner process that leads to a Random or Brownian characterization. Nevertheless we are able to recover meaningful physics, very much in the spirit of Wheeler's Law without Law, that is laws emerging from an underpinning of lawlessness.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2007

The Limits of Special Relativity

The Special Theory of Relativity and the Theory of the Electron have had an interesting history together. Originally the electron was studied in a non relativistic context and this opened up the interesting possibility that lead to the conclusion that the mass of the electron could be thought of entirely in electromagnetic terms without introducing inertial considerations. However the application of Special Relativity lead to several problems, both for an extended electron and the point electron. These inconsistencies have, contrary to popular belief not been resolved satisfactorily today, even within the context of Quantum Theory. Nevertheless these and subsequent studies bring out the interesting result that Special Relativity breaks down within the Compton scale or when the Compton scale is not neglected. This again runs contrary to an uncritical notion that Special Relativity is valid for point particles.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2006

Multiply Connected Universes

It is now generally believed that our observable universe is one amongst a very large number - may be $10^{500}$ - of parallel universes. Following the author's own model in this context, we argue that this conglomeration of universes defines a multiply connected super space.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2006

Quantum Mechanics and Multiply Connected Spaces

t is well known that the difference between Quantum Mechanics and Classical Theory appears most crucially in the non Classical spin half of the former theory and the Wilson-Sommerfelt quantization rule. We argue that this is symptomatic of the fact that Quantum Theory is actually a theory in multiply connected space while Classical Theory operates in simply connected space.

physics.gen-ph↗