arXiv subjects

B. S. Sathyaprakash

Publications and source records attributed to B. S. Sathyaprakash.

135 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

arXiv1996

Probing Large Scale Structure using Percolation and Genus Curves

We study topological properties of large scale structure in a set of scale free N-body simulations using the genus and percolation curves as topological characteristics. Our results show that as gravitational clustering advances, the density field shows an increasingly pronounced departure from Gaussianity reflected in the changing shape of the percolation curve and the changing amplitude and shape of the genus curve. Both genus and percolation curves differentiate between the connectedness of overdense and underdense regions if plotted against the density. When plotted against the filling factor the percolation curve alone retains this property. The genus curve shows a pronounced decrease in amplitude caused by phase correlations in the non-linear regime. Both genus and percolation curves provide complementary probes of large scale structure topology and can be used to discriminate between models of structure formation and the analysis of observational data such as galaxy catalogs and MBR maps.

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arXiv1996

Modeling Gravitational Clustering without Computing Gravitational Force

The large-scale structure in the Universe is believed to arise out of small random density perturbations generated in the very early Universe, that are amplified by gravity. Large and usually intricate N-body simulations are typically employed to model the complex nonlinear dynamics in a self gravitating medium. We suggest a very simple model which predicts, on large scales, the correct density and velocity distributions. The model does not involve an explicit computation of the gravitational force. It is based on a simple transformation of the variables and local conservation laws of mass and {\it generalized} linear momentum. The model demonstrates that the overall appearance of large-scale structure in the Universe is explicitly determined by the initial velocity field and it reveals the most significant large-scale effects of gravity on the formation of structure.

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arXiv1996

Emergence of Filamentary Structure in Cosmological Gravitational Clustering

The morphological nature of structures that form under gravitational instability has been of central interest to cosmology for over two decades. A remarkable feature of large scale structures in the Universe is that they occupy a relatively small fraction of the volume and yet show coherence on scales comparable to the survey size. With the aid of a useful synthesis of percolation analysis and shape statistics we explore the evolution of morphology of isolated density clumps in {\it real space} and that of the cluster distribution as a whole in scale-invariant cosmological models of gravitational instability. Our results, based on an exhaustive statistical analysis, indicate that at finite density thresholds one-dimensional filaments are more abundant than two-dimensional sheets (pancakes) at most epochs and for all spectra although the first singularities could be pancake-like. Both filamentarity and pancakeness of structures grow with time (in scale-free models this is equivalent to an increase in resolution) leading to the development of a long coherence length scale in simulations.

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arXiv1995

Estimation of parameters of gravitational waves from coalescing binaries

In this paper we deal with the measurement of the parameters of the gravitational wave signal emitted by a coalescing binary signal. We present the results of Monte Carlo simulations carried out for the case of the initial LIGO, incorporating the first post-Newtonian corrections into the waveform. Using the parameters so determined, we estimate the direction to the source. We stress the use of the time-of-coalescence rather than the time-of-arrival of the signal to determine the direction of the source. We show that this can considerably reduce the errors in the determination of the direction of the source.

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arXiv1995

Gravitational waves from coalescing binaries: detection strategies and Monte Carlo estimation of parameters

The paper deals with issues pertaining the detection of gravitational waves from coalescing binaries. We introduce the application of differential geometry to the problem of optimal detection of the `chirp signal'. We have also carried out extensive Monte Carlo simulations to understand the errors in the estimation of parameters of the binary system. We find that the errors are much more than those predicted by the covariance matrix even at a high SNR of 10-15. We also introduce the idea of using the instant of coalescence rather than the time of arrival to determine the direction to the source.

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arXiv1995

EVOLUTION OF THE POTENTIAL IN COSMOLOGICAL GRAVITATIONAL CLUSTERING

The potential is a constant to linear order in cosmological gravitational clustering. In this Letter we present results of testing the conjecture, proposed by Pauls and Melott (1995), that the effect of nonlinear evolution on the potential can be better described by smoothing it on the scale of nonlinearity. We show two-dimensional simulations consisting of an N-body code in which particles are accelerated not by their mutual attraction, but by the gradient of the initial potential smoothed on the current scale of nonlinearity. This approximation produces results considerably improved over using a constant potential to move particles, and it is generally better than any approximation we have tested, lending further support to the smoothing description of the evolved potential.

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arXiv1994

Filtering post-Newtonian gravitational waves from coalescing binaries

Gravitational waves from inspiralling binaries are expected to be detected using a data analysis technique known as {\it matched filtering.} This technique is applicable whenever the form of the signal is known accurately. Though we know the form of the signal precisely, we will not know {\it a priori} its parameters. Hence it is essential to filter the raw output through a host of search templates each corresponding to different values of the parameters. The number of search templates needed in detecting the Newtonian waveform characterized by three independent parameters is itself several thousands. With the inclusion of post-Newtonian corrections the inspiral waveform will have four independent parameters and this, it was thought, would lead to an increase in the number of filters by several orders of magnitude---an unfavorable feature since it would drastically slow down data analysis. In this paper I show that by a judicious choice of signal parameters we can work, even when the first post-Newtonian corrections are included, with as many number of parameters as in the Newtonian case. In other words I demonstrate that the effective dimensionality of the signal parameter space does not change when first post-Newtonian corrections are taken into account.

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arXiv1994

Gravitational instability in the strongly nonlinear regime: A study of various approximations

We study the development of gravitational instability in the strongly non-linear regime. For this purpose we use a number of statistical indicators such as filamentary statistics, spectrum of overdense/underdense regions and the void probability function, each of which probes a particular aspect of gravitational clustering. We use these statistical indicators to discriminate between different approximations to gravitational instability which we test against N-body simulations. The approximations which we test are, the truncated Zel'dovich approximation (TZ), the adhesion model (AM), and the frozen flow (FF) and linear potential (LP) approximations. Of these we find that FF and LP break down relatively early, soon after the non-linear length scale exceeds $R_*$ -- the mean distance between peaks of the gravitational potential. The reason for this break down is easy to understand, particles in FF are constrained to follow the streamlines of the initial velocity field. Shell crossing is absent in this case and structure gradually freezes as particles begin to collect near minima of the gravitational potential. In LP particles follow the lines of force of the primordial potential, oscillating about its minima at late times when the non-linear length scale $k_{\rm NL}^{-1}\simeq R_*$. Unlike FF and LP the adhesion model (and to some extent TZ) continues to give accurate results even at late times when $k_{\rm NL}^{-1} \ge R_*$. This is because both AM and TZ use

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arXiv1994

The Evolution of Voids in the Adhesion Approximation

We apply the adhesion approximation to study the formation and evolution of voids in the Universe. Our simulations -- carried out using 128$^3$ particles in a cubical box with side 128 Mpc -- indicate that the void spectrum evolves with time and that the mean void size in the standard COBE-normalised Cold Dark Matter (hereafter CDM) model with $h_{50} = 1,$ scales approximately as $\bar D(z) = {\bar D_0\over \sqrt {1+z}},$ where $\bar D_0 \simeq 10.5$ Mpc. Interestingly, we find a strong correlation between the sizes of voids and the value of the primordial gravitational potential at void centers. This observation could in principle, pave the way towards reconstructing the form of the primordial potential from a knowledge of the observed void spectrum. Studying the void spectrum at different cosmological epochs, for spectra with a built in $k$-space cutoff we find that, the number of voids in a representative volume evolves with time. The mean number of voids first increases until a maximum value is reached (indicating that the formation of cellular structure is complete), and then begins to decrease as clumps and filaments merge leading to hierarchical clustering and the subsequent elimination of small voids. The cosmological epoch characterizing the completion of cellular structure occurs when the length scale going nonlinear approaches the mean distance between peaks of the gravitational potential. A central result of this paper is that

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