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B. Z. Malkin

Publications and source records attributed to B. Z. Malkin.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

Cross-relaxation and phonon bottleneck effects on magnetization dynamics in LiYF4:Ho3+

Frequency and dc magnetic field dependences of dynamic susceptibility in diluted paramagnets LiYF$_4$:Ho$^{3+}$ have been measured at liquid helium temperatures in the ac and dc magnetic fields parallel to the symmetry axis of a tetragonal crystal lattice. Experimental data are analyzed in the framework of microscopic theory of relaxation rates in the manifold of 24 electron-nuclear sublevels of the lowest non-Kramers doublet and the first excited singlet in the Ho$^{3+}$ ground multiplet $^5I_8$ split by the crystal field of S$_4$ symmetry. The one-phonon transition probabilities were computed using electron-phonon coupling constants calculated in the framework of exchange charge model and were checked by optical piezospectroscopic measurements. The specific features observed in field dependences of the in- and out-of-phase susceptibilities (humps and dips, respectively) at the crossings (anti-crossings) of the electron-nuclear sublevels are well reproduced by simulations when the phonon bottleneck effect and the cross-spin relaxation are taken into account.

cond-mat.str-el↗

19F nuclear spin relaxation and spin diffusion effects in the single ion magnet LiYF4:Ho3+

Temperature and magnetic field dependences of the 19F nuclear spin-lattice relaxation in a single crystal of LiYF4 doped with holmium are described by an approach based on a detailed consideration of the magnetic dipole-dipole interactions between nuclei and impurity paramagnetic ions and nuclear spin diffusion processes. The observed non-exponential long time recovery of the nuclear magnetization after saturation at intermediate temperatures is in agreement with predictions of the spin-diffusion theory in a case of the diffusion limited relaxation. At avoided level crossings in the spectrum of electron-nuclear states of the Ho3+ ion, rates of nuclear spin-lattice relaxation increase due to quasi-resonant energy exchange between nuclei and paramagnetic ions, in contrast to the predominant role played by electronic cross-relaxation processes in the low-frequency ac-susceptibility.

cond-mat.other↗

Optical spectra, crystal-field parameters, and magnetic susceptibility of the new multiferroic NdFe3(BO3)4

We report high-resolution optical absorption spectra for NdFe3(BO3)4 trigonal single crystal which is known to exhibit a giant magnetoelectric effect below the temperature of magnetic ordering TN = 33 K. The analysis of the temperature-dependent polarized spectra reveals the energies and, in some cases, symmetries and exchange splittings of Nd3+ 84 Kramers doublets. We perform crystal-field calculations starting from the exchange-charge model, obtain a set of six real crystal-field parameters, and calculate wave functions and magnetic g-factors. In particular, the values g(perpendicular) = 2.385, g(parallel) = 1.376 were found for the Nd3+ ground-state doublet. We obtain Bloc=7.88 T and |JFN|= 0.48 K for the values of the local effective magnetic field at liquid helium temperatures at the Nd3+ site and the Nd - Fe exchange integral, respectively, using the experimentally measured Nd3+ ground-state splitting of 8.8 cm-1. To check reliability of our set of crystal field parameters we model the magnetic susceptibility data from literature. A dimer containing two nearest-neighbor iron ions in the spiral chain is considered to partly account for quasi-one-dimensional properties of iron borates, and then the mean-field approximation is used. The results of calculations with the exchange parameters for Fe3+ ions Jnn = -6.25 K (intra-chain interactions) and Jnnn = -1.92 K (inter-chain interactions) obtained from fitting agree well with the experimental data.

cond-mat.str-el↗

Isotopic disorder in Ge single crystals probed with 73Ge NMR

NMR spectra of 73 Ge (nuclear spin I = 9/2) in germanium single crystals with different isotopic compositions have been measured at the frequency of 17.4 MHz at room temperature. Due to the small concentration (~0.1%) of the magnetic (73 Ge) isotope, the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction is negligible in the samples studied, and the observed specific features of the resonance lineshapes (a narrow central peak and a wide plateau) are determined mainly by the quadrupole interaction of magnetic nuclei with the random electric field gradient (EFG) induced by the isotopic disorder. The second and fourth moments of the distribution function of the EFG are calculated taking into account local lattice deformations due to mass defects in the close neighborhood of the magnetic nuclei, as well as charge density redistributions and lattice strains induced by distant impurity isotopes. The simulated lineshapes, represented by a superposition of Gaussians corresponding to individual transitions between nuclear Zeeman sublevels, agree reasonably well with the measured spectra.

cond-mat↗

Lattice vibrations of alpha'-NaV_2O_5 in the low-temperature phase. Magnetic bound states?

We report high resolution polarized infrared studies of the quarter-filled spin ladder compound alpha'-NaV_2O_5 as a function of temperature (5K <= T <= 300K). Numerous new modes were detected below the temperature T_c=34K of the phase transition into a charge ordered nonmagnetic state accompanied by a lattice dimerization. We analyse the Brillouin zone (BZ) folding due to lattice dimerization at T_c and show that some peculiarities of the low-temperature vibrational spectrum come from quadruplets folded from the BZ point (1/2, 1/2, 1/4). We discuss an earlier interpretation of the 70, 107, and 133cm-1 modes as magnetic bound states and propose the alternative interpretation as folded phonon modes strongly interacting with charge and spin excitations.

cond-mat.str-el↗

High resolution infrared absorption spectra, crystal field, and relaxation processes in CsCdBr_3:Pr^3+

High resolution low-temperature absorption spectra of 0.2% Pr^3+ doped CsCdBr_3 were measured in the spectral region 2000--7000 cm-1. Positions and widths of the crystal field levels within the 3H5, 3H4, 3F2, and 3F3 multiplets of the Pr^3+ main center have been determined. Hyperfine structure of several spectral lines has been found. Crystal field calculations were carried out in the framework of the semiphenomenological exchange charge model (ECM). Parameters of the ECM were determined by fitting to the measured total splittings of the 3H4 and 3H6 multiplets and to the observed in this work hyperfine splittings of the crystal field levels. One- and two-phonon relaxation rates were calculated using the phonon Green's functions of the perfect (CsCdBr_3) and locally perturbed (impurity dimer centers in CsCdBr_3:Pr^3+) crystal lattice. Comparison with the measured linewidths confirmed an essential redistribution of the phonon density of states in CsCdBr_3 crystals doped with rare-earth ions.

cond-mat↗

Lattice vibrations of alpha'-NaV2O5

We have measured far infrared reflectance and transmittance spectra as well as Raman scattering spectra of α'-NaV2O5 single crystals for all the principal polarizations. The temperature range above the phase transition temperature T_c=35 K was investigated, mainly. On the basis of this experimental study and of the lattice dynamics calculations we conclude that the symmetry of NaV2O5 in the high temperature phase is described by the centrosymmetric D_{2h}^{13} space group. The assignment of the observed phonons is given. Values of dielectric constants are obtained from the infrared data. Asymmetric shapes of several infrared lines as well as higher order infrared vibrational spectra are discussed. The crystal field energy levels of the 3d electron localized at the V^{4+} site have been calculated in the framework of the exchange charge model using the values of effective charges obtained from the lattice dynamics calculations. According to the results of these calculations, the earlier observed broad optical bands in the region of 1 eV can be interpreted as phonon assisted d-d transitions.

cond-mat.str-el↗