arXiv subjects

B. Zuckerman

Publications and source records attributed to B. Zuckerman.

129 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

arXiv1998

A Candidate Substellar Companion to CoD -33 7795 (TWA 5)

We present the discovery of a candidate substellar object in a survey of young stars in the solar vicinity using the sensitivity and spatial resolution afforded by the NICMOS coronagraph on the Hubble Space Telescope. The H=12.1 mag object was discovered approximately 2 arcsec from the TW Hydrae Association member CoD -33 7795 (TWA 5), and the photometry implies a spectral type M8-M8.5, with a temperature of approximately 2600K. We estimate that the probability of a chance alignment with a background objectof this nature is < 2 X 10^(-5), and therefore postulate the object (TWA 5B) is physically associated at a projected separation of 100 AU. Given the likely youth of the primary (~ 10 Myr), current brown dwarf cooling models predict a mass of approximately 20 Jupiter masses for TWA 5B.

astro-ph↗

arXiv1998

Observational Constraints on the Origin of Metals in Cool DA-type White Dwarfs

We present ISOCAM 7 micron and 15 micron observations of 12 nearby white dwarfs, 6 of which have been found to have metals such as Ca, Mg and Fe in their photospheres. Our purpose was to search for an excess of infrared emission above the stellar photospheres. We find that none of the white dwarfs other than G29-38 shows a detectable infrared excess and this places strong constraints on the existence of a dusty disk around these stars. We conclude that ongoing accretion of the interstellar medium seems an unlikely explanation for the existence of metals in the photospheres of cool hydrogen atmosphere white dwarfs. The excess associated with G29-38 is 3.8+/-1.0 mJy and 2.9+/-0.6 mJy at 7 micron and 15 micron respectively. The broadband spectrum of this star strengthens the hypothesis that the infrared excess arises from a disk of particulate matter surrounding the white dwarf rather than from a cool brown dwarf companion.

astro-ph↗

arXiv1998

A dust ring around Epsilon Eridani: analogue to the young Solar System

Dust emission around the nearby star epsilon Eridani has been imaged using a new submillimetre camera (SCUBA at the JCMT). At 850 microns wavelength a ring of dust is seen, peaking at 60 AU from the star and with much lower emission inside 30 AU. The mass of the ring is at least 0.01 Earth masses in dust, while an upper limit of 0.4 Earth masses in molecular gas is imposed by CO observations. The total mass is comparable to the estimated amount of material, 0.04-0.3 Earth masses, in comets orbiting the Solar System. The most probable origin of the the ring structure is that it is a young analogue to the Kuiper Belt in our Solar System, and that the central region has been partially cleared by the formation of grains into planetesimals. Dust clearing around epsilon Eri is seen within the radius of Neptune's orbit, and the peak emission at 35-75 AU lies within the estimated Kuiper Belt zone of 30-100 AU radius. epsilon Eri is a main-sequence star of type K2V (0.8 Solar masses) with an estimated age of 0.5-1.0 Gyr, so this interpretation is consistent with the early history of the Solar System where heavy bombardment occurred up to approximately 0.6 Gyr. An unexpected discovery is substructure within the ring, and these asymmetries could be due to perturbations by planets.

astro-ph↗