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Badreddine Assouar

Publications and source records attributed to Badreddine Assouar.

17 recordsLinked to original sources

Acoustic scattering singularities via quasi-Bound states in the continuum

Non-Hermitian systems enable advanced control of wave propagation by exploiting engineered losses. This introduces an additional degree of freedom that permits the emergence of exceptional points (EPs). In this letter, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate the control of scattering singularities in a non-Hermitian acoustic system using quasibound states in the continuum (qBICs). Through Friedrich Wintgen interference, the losses of a two port cavity are tuned until achieving critical coupling, yielding narrowband coherent perfect absorption (CPA) with a quality factor of 140. Additionally, by coupling two distinct resonators, we observe the emergence of an EP, where both eigenvalues simultaneously coalesce and vanish, resulting in narrowband unidirectional absorption. Our results establish a connection between qBICs and scattering singularities, and offer a route toward acoustic devices featuring narrowband resonances and tunable radiative losses.

physics.app-ph

Multi-Channel Amplitude-Phase Asymmetric-Encrypted Janus Acoustic Meta-Holograms

Encrypted optical and acoustic meta-holograms only focus on the encrypted hologram in a single channel, viz. modulating spatial amplitude to project a holographic image. In this research, the unique concept of multi-channel amplitude-phase asymmetric-encrypted Janus acoustic meta-holograms is proposed, demonstrating remarkable capabilities of generating, encrypting, and decrypting both amplitude and phase holographic images on both sides of a metascreen. The flexible and decoupled manipulation mechanism for the amplitude-phase of the bidirectional acoustic waves used in our concept offers multiple possibilities to apply various encryption methods. In this work, our system enables single-input, two-faced four-channel asymmetric encryption, which substantially increase the communication capacity of conventional acoustic holograms, and establish a security framework based on mathematical problem, proving its security. Our work can lead to concrete applications including, but not limited to, multi-channel acoustic field communications and acoustic illusion and cloaking in non-transparent media.

physics.app-ph

Hybrid ultrathin metasurface for broadband sound absorption

To this day, achieving broadband low-frequency sound absorption remains a challenge even with the possibilities promised by the advent of metamaterials and metasurfaces, especially when size and structural restrictions exist. Solving this engineering challenge relies on stringent impedance matching and coupling of the multiple independent local resonators in metasurface absorbers. In this letter, we present an innovative design approach to broaden the sound absorption bandwidth at low-frequency regime. A hybrid metasurface design is proposed where four coupled planar coiled resonators are also coupled to a well designed thin planar cavity. This hybrid metasurface creates a broad sound absorption band (130-200 Hz) that is twice as wide as that of the traditional single layer metasurface utilizing four coiled cavities at a deep sub-wavelength thickness (< {\lambda}/51). This design strategy open routes towards engineering a class of high performance thin metasurfaces for ultra-broadband sound absorption while keeping the planar size unchanged.

physics.app-ph

Origin and Customization of Bandgap in Chiral Phononic Crystals

The wave equation governing the wave propagation in chiral phononic crystals, established through force equilibrium law, conceals the underlying physical information. This has led to a controversy over the bandgap mechanism. In this letter, we theoretically unveil the reason of this controversy, and put forward an alternative approach from wave behavior to formulate the wave equation, offering a new pathway to articulate the bandgap physics directly. We identify the obstacles in coupled acoustic and optic branches to widen and lower the bandgap, and introduce an approach based on spherical hinges to decrease the barriers, for customizing the bandgap frequency and width. Finally, we validate our proposal through numerical simulation and experimental demonstration.

physics.app-ph

Locally Resonant Metagrating by Elastic Impedance Modulation

The optical and acoustic metagratings have addressed the limitations of low-efficiency wave manipulation and high-complexity fabrication of metamaterials and metasurfaces. In this research, we introduce the concept of elastic metagrating and present the theoretical and experimental demonstration of locally resonant elastic metagrating (LREM). Remarkably, the LREM, with dimensions two orders of magnitude smaller than the relevant wavelength, overcomes the size limitations of conventional metagratings and offers a unique design paradigm for highly efficient wave manipulation with an extremely compact structure in elastic wave systems. Based on a distinctive elastic impedance engineering with hybridization of intrinsic evanescent waves, the proposed LREM achieves wide-angle perfect absorption. This tackles a fundamental challenge faced by all elastic metastructures designed for wave manipulation, which consists in the unavoidable vibration modes in finite structures hindering their implementations in real-world applications.

physics.app-ph

Phononic Skyrmions

Skyrmions with topologically stable configurations have shown a promising route toward magnetic and photonic materials for information processing due to their defect-immune and low-driven energy. However, the practical application of magnetic skyrmions is severely hindered by their harsh cryogenic environment and complex carriers. In addition, the narrowband nature of magnetic and photonic skyrmions leads to lower data rate transmissions, restricting the development of high-speed information processing technologies. Here, we introduce and demonstrate the concept of phononic skyrmion as new topological structures to break the above barriers. The phononic skyrmion can be produced in any solid structure at room temperature, including chip-scale structures, with high robustness and ultra-bandwidth, which could pave a new path for high-speed and topological information processing technologies. We experimentally demonstrate the existence of phononic skyrmion formed by breaking the rotational symmetry of the three-dimensional hybrid spin of elastic waves. The frequency-independent spin configuration leads to the remarkable ultra-broadband and tunable feature of phononic skyrmions. We further experimentally show the excellent robustness of the flexibly movable phononic skyrmion lattices against local defects of disorder, sharp corners, and even rectangular holes. Our research also opens a vibrant horizon towards an unprecedented way for elastic wave manipulation and structuration by spin configuration, and offers a promising lever for alternative phononic technologies, including quantum information, biomedical testing, and wave engineering.

physics.app-ph

Experimental Observation and Description of Bandgaps Opening in Chiral Phononic Crystals by Analogy with Thomson scattering

Chiral phononic crystals provide unique properties not offered by conventional phononic material based on Bragg scattering and local resonance. However, it is insufficient to only consider the inertial amplification effect in chiral phononic crystals. Here, we theoretically and experimentally introduce the analogy with Thomson scattering to characterize the bandgap phenomena in chiral phononic crystals. Two phononic structures are proposed and discussed, one with translationrotation coupling and another with translation-translation coupling. The two lattices are different in appearance but have similar bandgaps. Thomson scattering in electromagnetic waves was drawn on to describe the coupling motion of the unit cells. We evidence that the bandgap generation is essentially based on the analogous Thomson scattering aiming to achieve an anti-phase superposition of the waves in the same polarization mode. This finding sheds new light on the physics of the elastodynamic wave manipulation in chiral phononic crystals and opens a remarkable route for their pragmatic implementation.

physics.app-ph

Preliminary Synthesis of Carbon Nitride Thin Films by N$_2$/CH$_4$ Microwave Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition: Characterisation of the Discharge and the Obtained Films

The present work deals with the synthesis of crystalline carbon nitride thin films by microwave plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition in N$_2$/CH$_4$ gas mixture. The discharge analysis by optical emission spectroscopy shows that the increase in the N$_2$/CH$_4$ ratio involves an important production of the CN and C$_2$ radicals. In the films X-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy shows that the N/C ratio decreases when the CH$_4$ percentage in N$_2$ increases. Xray diffraction and electron diffraction are used to study the carbon nitride films nature. Scanning electron microscopy shows that the films consisted of nano-crystalline grains. Carbon balls are also present on the film surface for CH$_4$ percentage higher than 4%. The transmission electron microscopy confirms the nano-structure of the film and shows the isotropic etching of the substrates, during the film growth.

physics.app-ph

Elastic Bound State in the Continuum with Perfect Mode Conversion

The partial or complete confinement of waves in an open system is omnipresent in nature and in wave-based materials and technology. Here, we theoretically analyze and experimentally observe the formation of a trapped mode with perfect mode conversion (TMPC) between flexural waves and longitudinal waves, by achieving a quasi-bound state in the continuum (BIC) in an open elastic wave system. The latter allows a quasi-BIC in a semi-infinite background plate when Fano resonance hybridizes flexural and longitudinal waves and balances their radiative decay rates. We demonstrate that when the Fabry-P\'erot resonance of the longitudinal wave is realized simultaneously, the TMPC formed by the elastic BIC approaches infinite quality factor. Furthermore, we show that quasi-BIC can be tuned continuously to BIC through the critical frequency of mode conversion, which offers the possibility of TMPC with an arbitrarily high quality factor. Our reported concept and physical mechanism open new routes to achieve perfect mode conversion with tunable high quality factor in elastic systems.

physics.app-ph

Systematic design and experimental demonstration of transmission-type multiplexed acoustic meta-holograms

Acoustic holograms have promising applications in sound-field reconstruction, particle manipulation, ultrasonic haptics and therapy. This paper reports on the theoretical, numerical, and experimental investigation of multiplexed acoustic holograms at both audio and ultrasonic frequencies via a rationally designed transmission-type acoustic metamaterial. The proposed meta-hologram is composed of two Fabry-Perot resonant channels per unit cell, which enables the simultaneous modulation of the transmitted amplitude and phase at two desired frequencies. In contrast to conventional acoustic metamaterial-based holograms, the design strategy proposed here, provides a new degree of freedom (frequency) that can actively tailor holograms that are otherwise completely passive and hence significantly enhances the information encoded in acoustic metamaterials. To demonstrate the multiplexed acoustic metamaterial, we first show the projection of two different high-quality meta-holograms at 14 kHz and 17 kHz, with the patterns of the letters, N and S. We then demonstrate two-channel ultrasound focusing and annular beams generation for the incident ultrasonic frequencies of 35 kHz and 42.5 kHz. These multiplexed acoustic meta-holograms offer a technical advance to tackle the rising challenges in the fields of acoustic metamaterials, architectural acoustics, and medical ultrasound.

physics.app-ph

Broadband inverted T-shaped seismic metamaterial

Seismic metamaterials (SMs) are expected to assist or replace traditional isolation systems owing to their strong attenuation of seismic waves. In this paper, a one-dimensional inverted T-shaped SM (1D ITSM) with an ultra-wide first bandgap (FBG) is proposed. The complex band structures are calculated to analyze the wave characteristics of the surface waves in the SMs. We find that the FBG of the 1D ITSM is composed of two parts; part 1 with surface evanescent waves and part 2 with no surface modes. Similar results are found in the complex band structure of the FBG of the SM consisting of periodically arranged pillars and substrate. The propagation of seismic surface waves in the 1D ITSM is different in these two frequency ranges of the FBG. In part 1, the seismic surface waves are significantly attenuated in the 1D ITSM, while in part 2, the surface waves are converted into bulk waves. Finally, the ultra-wide FBG is verified by using a kind of the two-dimensional ITSM in large-scale field experiments.

physics.app-ph

Extreme Low-Frequency Ultrathin Acoustic Absorbing Metasurface

We introduce a multi-coiled acoustic metasurface providing a quasi-perfect absorption (reaching 99.99% in experiments) at extremely low-frequency of 50 Hz, and simultaneously featuring an ultrathin thickness down to λ/527 (1.3 cm). In contrast to the state of the art, this original conceived multi-coiled metasurface offers additional degrees of freedom capable to tune the acoustic impedance effectively without increasing the total thickness. We provide analytical derivation, numerical simulation and experimental demonstrations for this unique absorber concept, and discuss its physical mechanism which breaks the quarter-wavelength resonator theory. Furthermore, based on the same conceptual approach, we propose a broadband lowfrequency metasurface absorber by coupling unit cells exhibiting different properties.

physics.app-ph

Broadband ultra-thin acoustic metasurface absorber

We theoretically and experimentally propose two designs of broadband low-frequency acoustic metasurface absorbers (Sample I/Sample II) for the frequency ranges of 458Hz~968Hz and 231Hz~491Hz (larger than 1 octave), with absorption larger than 0.8, and having the ultra-thin thickness of 5.2cm and 10.4cm respectively (λ/15 for the lowest working frequency and λ/7.5 for the highest frequency). The designed supercell consists of 16 different unit cells corresponding to 16 eigen frequencies for resonant absorptions. The coupling of multiple resonances leads to broadband absorption effect in the full range of the targeted frequency spectrum. In particular, we propose to combine gradient-change channel and coiled structure to achieve simultaneous impedance matching and minimal occupied space, leading to the ultra-thin thickness of the metasurface absorbers. Our conceived ultra-thin low-frequency broadband absorbers may lead to pragmatic implementations and applications in noise control field.

physics.app-ph

Highly efficient acoustic refractive metasurfaces by harnessing near field coupling

Typical acoustic refractive metasurfaces governed by generalized Snell law require several types of subwavelength subunits to provide an extra phase gradient along the surface. This design strategy, however, has several kinds of drawback. For instance, the inevitable viscous loss brought out by the complex subwavelength subunits, and the negligence of the coupling between adjacent subunits which leads to low-efficiency in wavefront manipulation, especially for large angles. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new type of refractive metasurface composed of only one straight channel and several surface-etched grooves per period. By harnessing the nonlocal coupling between the channel/grooves, and the evanescent modes inside them, superiorly feasible acoustic transmission manipulations can be achieved. Nearly perfect acoustic bending with transmission efficiency up to 95% is demonstrated with theory and experiments for an extremely large angle of 81 degree. The reported results introduce a novel concept of acoustic metasurfaces and offer a real leap towards the development of high-efficient acoustic devices for wavefront manipulation.

physics.app-ph

Perfect anomalous splitter by acoustic meta-grating

As an inversely designed artificial device, metasurface usually means densely arranged meta-atoms with complex substructures. In acoustics, those meta-atoms are usually constructed by multi-folded channels or multi-connected cavities of deep sub-wavelength feature, which limits their implementation in pragmatic applications. We propose here a comprehensive concept of a perfect anomalous splitter based on an acoustic meta-grating. The beam splitter is designed by etching only two or four straight-walled grooves per period on a planar hard surface. Different from the recently reported reflectors or splitters, our device can perfectly split an incident wave into different desired directions with arbitrary power flow partition. In addition, because ultrathin substructures with thin walls and narrow channels are avoided in our design procedure, the proposed beam splitter can be used for waves with much shorter wavelength compared to the previous suggested systems. The design is established by rigorous formulae developed under the framework of the grating theory and a genetic optimization algorithm. Numerical simulation and experimental evidence are provided to discuss the involved physical mechanism and to give the proof-of-concept for the proposed perfect anomalous acoustic splitter.

physics.app-ph

Study of tantalum and iridium as adhesion layers for Pt/LGS high temperature SAW devices

In this paper, we report on the use of tantalum and iridium as adhesion layers for platinum electrodes used in high temperature SAW devices based on langasite substrates (LGS). Unlike iridium, tantalum exhibits a great adhesive strength, and a very low mobility through the Pt film, ensuring a device lifetime of at least half an hour at 1000{\textdegree}C. The latter is limited by morphological modifications of platinum, starting by the apparition of crystallites on the surface, and followed by important terracing and breaking of the film continuity. SNMS and XRD measurements allowed us to show that these phenomena are likely intrinsic to platinum film, whatever be the nature of the adhesion layer. Finally, after having outlined a possible scenario leading to this deterioration, we consider some solutions that could replace platinum in order to increase the lifetime of LGS-based SAW devices in high temperatures conditions.

physics.app-ph

Tunable elastic Parity-Time symmetric structure based on the shunted piezoelectric materials

We theoretically and numerically report on tunable elastic Parity-Time (PT) symmetric structure based on shunted piezoelectric units. We show that the elastic loss and gain can be archived in piezoelectric materials when they are shunted by external circuits containing positive and negative resistances. We present and discuss, as an example, the strongly dependent relationship between the exceptional points of a three-layered system and the impedance of their external shunted circuit. The achieved results evidence the PT symmetric structures based on this proposed concept can actively be tuned without any change of their geometric configurations.

physics.app-ph