arXiv subjects

Benjamin Hinrichs

Publications and source records attributed to Benjamin Hinrichs.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

A Feynman-Kac Formula for the Subcritical Ultraviolet-Renormalized Spin Boson Model

We prove a Feynman-Kac formula (FKF) for the self-energy renormalized spin boson Hamiltonian, describing a two-state quantum system linearly coupled to a bosonic quantum field. Similar to recent FKFs for the Fr\"ohlich polaron and the non- and semi-relativistic Nelson models, it yields a probabilistic treatment of the spin as a jump process, but treats the field on the usual bosonic Fock space. As an application, we prove that the existence of ground states for infrared-regular models persists the removal of an ultraviolet cutoff.

math-ph↗

arXiv2026

Wave Function Renormalization for Particle-Field Interactions

In this paper, we develop a wave function renormalization scheme for models of non-relativistic quantum particles interacting with a quantized relativistic field, in the Hamiltonian formalism of quantum field theory. We construct the interacting Hamilton operator, in its ground state representation, for a large class of particle-field interactions; hereby addressing a number of open problems related to both ultraviolet and infrared singularities in the spin-boson and Nelson models, where the infinite wave function renormalization plays a fundamental role.

math-ph↗

arXiv2025

On the Optimal Rate of Convergence for Translation-Invariant 1D Quantum Walks

We study the convergence rate of translation-invariant discrete-time quantum dynamics on a one-dimensional lattice. We prove that the cumulative distributions function of the ballistically scaled position $X(n)/{n}$ after $n$ steps converges at a rate of $n^{-1/3}$ in the L\'evy metric as $n\to\infty$. In the special case of step-coin quantum walks with two-dimensional coin space, we recover the same convergence rate for the supremum distance and prove optimality.

math-ph↗

arXiv2025

Wiener-Type Theorems for the Laplace Transform. With Applications to Ground State Problems

We study the behavior of a probability measure near the bottom of its support in terms of time averaged quotients of its Laplace transform. We discuss how our results are connected to both rank-one perturbation theory as well as renewal theory. We further apply our results in order to derive criteria for the existence and non-existence of ground states for a finite dimensional quantum system coupled to a bosonic field.

math-ph↗

arXiv2025

Non-Trivial Renormalization of Spin-Boson Models with Supercritical Form Factors

In this paper we construct the non-trivial, renormalized Hamiltonian for a class of spin-boson models with supercritical form factors, including the one describing the Weisskopf-Wigner spontaneous emission. The renormalization is performed through both a self-energy and mass renormalization, in the so-called Hamiltonian formalism of constructive quantum field theory, implemented by a non-unitary dressing transformation. This solves the problem of triviality for unitarily-renormalized supercritical spin-boson models.

math-ph↗

arXiv2025

Ultraviolet Renormalization of the van Hove-Miyatake Model: an Algebraic and Hamiltonian Approach

In this short communication we discuss the ultraviolet renormalization of the van Hove-Miyatake scalar field, generated by any distributional source. An abstract algebraic approach, based on the study of a special class of ground states of the van Hove-Miyatake dynamical map is compared with an Hamiltonian renormalization that makes use of a non-unitary dressing transformation. The two approaches are proved to yield equivalent results.

math-ph↗

arXiv2025

Ultraviolet Renormalization of Spin Boson Models I. Normal and 2-Nilpotent Interactions

We study the ultraviolet problem for models of a finite-dimensional quantum mechanical system linearly coupled to a bosonic quantum field, such as the (many-)spin boson model or its rotating-wave approximation. If the state change of the system upon emission or absorption of a boson is either given by a normal matrix or by a 2-nilpotent one, which is the case for the previously named examples, we prove an optimal renormalization result. We complement it, by proving the norm resolvent convergence of appropriately regularized models to the renormalized one. Our method consists of a dressing transformation argument in the normal case and an appropriate interior boundary condition for the 2-nilpotent case.

math-ph↗

arXiv2025

A Lower Bound on the Critical Momentum of an Impurity in a Bose-Einstein Condensate

In the Bogoliubov-Fröhlich model, we prove that an impurity immersed in a Bose-Einstein condensate forms a stable quasi-particle when the total momentum is less than its mass times the speed of sound. The system thus exhibits superfluid behavior, as this quasi-particle does not experience friction. We do not assume any infrared or ultraviolet regularization of the model, which contains massless excitations and point-like interactions.

math-ph↗

arXiv2025

On the Ising Phase Transition in the Infrared-Divergent Spin Boson Model

We prove absence of ground states in the infrared-divergent spin boson model at large coupling. Our key argument reduces the proof to verifying long range order in the dual one-dimensional continuum Ising model, i.e., to showing that the respective two point function is lower bounded by a strictly positive constant. We can then use known results from percolation theory to establish long range order at large coupling. Combined with the known existence of ground states at small coupling, our result proves that the spin boson model undergoes a phase transition with respect to the coupling strength. We also present an expansion for the vacuum overlap of the spin boson ground state in terms of the Ising $n$-point functions, which implies that the phase transition is unique, i.e., that there is a critical coupling constant below which a ground state exists and above which none can exist.

math-ph↗

arXiv2024

On the Ergodicity of Renormalized Translation-Invariant Nelson-Type Semigroups

We present a simple functional integration based proof that the semigroups generated by the ultraviolet-renormalized translation-invariant non- and semi-relativistic Nelson Hamiltonians are positivity improving (and hence ergodic) with respect to the Fröhlich cone for arbitrary values of the total momentum. Our argument simplifies known proofs for ergodicity and the result is new in the semi-relativistic case.

math-ph↗

arXiv2024

Restricted Monte Carlo wave function method and Lindblad equation for identifying entangling open-quantum-system dynamics

We develop an extension of the Monte Carlo wave function approach that unambiguously identifies dynamical entanglement in general composite, open systems. Our algorithm performs tangential projections onto the set of separable states, leading to classically correlated quantum trajectories. By comparing this restricted evolution with the unrestricted one, we can characterize the entangling capabilities of quantum channels without making use of input-output relations. Moreover, applying this method is equivalent to solving the nonlinear master equation in Lindblad form introduced in \cite{PAH24} for two-qubit systems. We here extend these equations to multipartite systems of qudits, describing non-entangling dynamics in terms of a stochastic differential equation. We identify the impact of dynamical entanglement in open systems by applying our approach to several correlated decay processes. Therefore, our methodology provides a complete and ready-to-use framework to characterize dynamical quantum correlations caused by arbitrary open-system processes.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2024

Separability Lindblad equation for dynamical open-system entanglement

Providing entanglement for the design of quantum technologies in the presence of noise constitutes today's main challenge in quantum information science. A framework is required that assesses the build-up of entanglement in realistic settings. In this work, we put forth a new class of nonlinear quantum master equations in Lindblad form that unambiguously identify dynamical entanglement in open quantum systems via deviations from a separable evolution. This separability Lindblad equation restricts quantum trajectories to classically correlated states only. Unlike many conventional approaches, here the entangling capabilities of a process are not characterized by input-output relations, but separability is imposed at each instant of time. We solve these equations for crucial examples, thereby quantifying the dynamical impact of entanglement in non-equilibrium scenarios. Our results allow to benchmark the engineering of entangled states through dissipation. The separability Lindblad equation provides a unique path to characterizing quantum correlations caused by arbitrary system-bath interactions, specifically tailored for the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2024

Feynman-Kac formulas for semigroups generated by multi-polaron Hamiltonians in magnetic fields and on general domains

We prove Feynman-Kac formulas for the semigroups generated by selfadjoint operators in a class containing Fröhlich Hamiltonians known from solid state physics. The latter model multi-polarons, i.e., a fixed number of quantum mechanical electrons moving in a polarizable crystal and interacting with the quantized phonon field generated by the crystal's vibrational modes. Both the electrons and phonons can be confined to suitable open subsets of Euclidean space. We also include possibly very singular magnetic vector potentials and electrostatic potentials. Our Feynman-Kac formulas comprise Fock space operator-valued multiplicative functionals and can be applied to every vector in the underlying Hilbert space. In comparison to the renormalized Nelson model, for which analogous Feynman-Kac formulas are known, the analysis of the creation and annihilation terms in the multiplicative functionals requires novel ideas to overcome difficulties caused by the phonon dispersion relation being constant. Getting these terms under control and generalizing other construction steps so as to cover confined systems are the main achievements of this article.

math-ph↗

arXiv2024

Non-Fock Ground States in the Translation-Invariant Nelson Model Revisited Non-Perturbatively

The Nelson model, describing a quantum mechanical particle linearly coupled to a bosonic field, exhibits the infrared problem in the sense that no ground state exists at arbitrary total momentum. However, passing to a non-Fock representation, one can prove the existence of so-called dressed one-particle states. In this article, we give a simple non-perturbative proof for the existence of such one-particle states at arbitrary coupling strength and for almost all total momenta in a physically motivated momentum region. Our results hold both for the non- and the semi-relativistic Nelson model.

math-ph↗

arXiv2023

On Lieb-Robinson bounds for a class of continuum fermions

We consider the quantum dynamics of a many-fermion system in $\mathbb R^d$ with an ultraviolet regularized pair interaction as previously studied in [M. Gebert, B. Nachtergaele, J. Reschke, and R. Sims, Ann. Henri Poincaré 21.11 (2020)]. We provide a Lieb-Robinson bound under substantially relaxed assumptions on the potentials. We also improve the associated one-body Lieb-Robinson bound on $L^2$-overlaps to an almost ballistic one (i.e., an almost linear light cone) under the same relaxed assumptions. Applications include the existence of the infinite-volume dynamics and clustering of ground states in the presence of a spectral gap. We also develop a fermionic continuum notion of conditional expectation and use it to approximate time-evolved fermionic observables by local ones, which opens the door to other applications of the Lieb-Robinson bounds.

math-ph↗

arXiv2023

Feynman-Kac formula for fiber Hamiltonians in the relativistic Nelson model in two spatial dimensions

In this proceeding we consider a translation invariant Nelson type model in two spatial dimensions modeling a scalar relativistic particle in interaction with a massive radiation field. As is well-known, the corresponding Hamiltonian can be defined with the help of an energy renormalization. First, we review a Feynman-Kac formula for the semigroup generated by this Hamiltonian proven by the authors in a recent preprint (where several matter particles and exterior potentials are treated as well). After that, we employ a few technical key relations and estimates obtained in our preprint to present an otherwise self-contained derivation of new Feynman-Kac formulas for the fiber Hamiltonians attached to fixed total momenta of the translation invariant system. We conclude by inferring an alternative derivation of the Feynman-Kac formula for the full translation invariant Hamiltonian.

math-ph↗

arXiv2023

Feynman-Kac formula and asymptotic behavior of the minimal energy for the relativistic Nelson model in two spatial dimensions

We consider the renormalized relativistic Nelson model in two spatial dimensions for a finite number of spinless, relativistic quantum mechanical matter particles in interaction with a massive scalar quantized radiation field. We find a Feynman-Kac formula for the corresponding semigroup and discuss some implications such as ergodicity and weighted $L^p$ to $L^q$ bounds, for external potentials that are Kato decomposable in the suitable relativistic sense. Furthermore, our analysis entails upper and lower bounds on the minimal energy for all values of the involved physical parameters when the Pauli principle for the matter particles is ignored. In the translation invariant case (no external potential) these bounds permit to compute the leading asymptotics of the minimal energy in the three regimes where the number of matter particles goes to infinity, the coupling constant for the matter-radiation interaction goes to infinity and the boson mass goes to zero.

math-ph↗

arXiv2023

Super-Gaussian Decay of Exponentials: A Sufficient Condition

In this article, we present a sufficient condition for the exponential $\exp({-f})$ to have a tail decay stronger than any Gaussian, where $f$ is defined on a locally convex space $X$ and grows faster than a squared seminorm on $X$. In particular, our result proves that $\exp({-p(x)^{2+\varepsilon}+αq(x)^2})$ is integrable for all $α,\varepsilon>0$ w.r.t. a Radon Gaussian measure on a nuclear space $X$, if $p$ and $q$ are continuous seminorms on $X$ with compatible kernels. This can be viewed as an adaptation of Fernique's theorem and, for example, has applications in quantum field theory.

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