arXiv subjects

Benjamin Smarr

Publications and source records attributed to Benjamin Smarr.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Power Consumption Patterns Using Telemetry Data

This paper examines the analysis of package power consumption using Intel's telemetry data. It challenges the prevailing belief that hardware choice is the primary determinant of a device's power consumption and instead emphasizes the significant role of user behavior. The paper includes two sections: Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) and a linear model for power consumption. The EDA section provides valuable insights from Intel's telemetry data, comparing power consumption across countries, with a specific focus on power consumption patterns in the US and China. Our simple linear model affirms those patterns and highlight the possible importance of user behavior and its influence on power consumption. Ultimately, the paper underscores the need to understand power consumption patterns and identifies areas where stakeholders like Intel can make improvements to reduce environmental impact effectively and efficiently.

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arXiv2025

Evidence for strong modality-dependence of chronotype assessment from real world calendar app data

Chronotypes allow for comparisons of one individual's daily rhythms to that of others and the environment. Mismatch between an individual's chronotype and the timing constraints of their social environment create social jet lag, which is correlated with mental and physical health risks. The concept of chronotype implicitly supposes that a single phase applies to an individual, whereas the circadian rhythms of different internal systems entrain to or have their outputs masked by different environmental inputs. If the modern environment interferes with internal synchrony or generates different masking for different internal system's outputs, then real world data reflecting these outputs ought to reveal relatively low correlations, reflecting environmental interference. At the other extreme, if there is no behavior or tissue specific interference, then different internal system outputs should all be equally predicted from data modalities capturing their different outputs. Here we explore multimodal behavioral rhythm data from the Owaves calendaring app, focusing on behavioral outputs logged as: Sleep, Exercise, Eat, Work, Love, Play, Relax, Misc. We find that individuals show daily rhythms within each behavior type from which chronotypes can be assigned, but that chronotypes derived from different behaviors (or combinations of behaviors) lead to nearly independent sorting of individual's by phase. This suggests that if real world data are used to assign an individuals chronotype, then that chronotype may be specific to the internal system the output of which is related to each specific data modality assessed. Our findings suggest that researchers cannot confidently assume to account for outputs from other internal systems in real world settings without additional observations or controls.

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arXiv2024

Automated Chronotyping from a Daily Calendar using Machine Learning

Chronotype compares individuals' circadian phase to others. It contextualizes mental health risk assessments and detection of social jet lag, which can hamper mental health and cognitive performance. Existing ways of determining chronotypes, such as Dim Light Melatonin Onset (DLMO) or the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), are limited by being discrete in time and time-intensive to update, meaning they rarely capture real-world variability across time. Chronotyping users based on a daily planner app might augment existing methods to enable assessment continuously and at scale. This paper reports the construction of a supervised binary classifier that attempts to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. 1,460 registered users from the Owaves app opted in by filling out the MEQ survey between July 14, 2022, and May 1, 2023. 142 met the eligibility criteria. We used multimodal app data from individuals identified as morning and evening types from MEQ data, basing the classifier on app time series data. This included daily timing for 8 main lifestyle activity types: exercise, sleep, social interactions, meal times, relaxation, work, play, and miscellaneous, as defined in the app. The timing of activities showed substantial change across time, as well as heterogeneity by activity type. Our novel chronotyping classifier was able to predict the morningness and eveningness of its users with an ROC AUC of 0.70. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of chronotype classification from multimodal, real-world app data, while highlighting fundamental challenges to applying discrete and fixed labels to complex, dynamic, multimodal behaviors. Our findings suggest a potential for real-time monitoring of shifts in chronotype specific to different causes (i.e. types of activity), which could feasibly be used to support future, prospective mental health support research.

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